湖北术州市2020ㅡ2021学年高一英语下学期期末质量监测试题(含解析)

1、湖北省鄂州市2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期末质量监测试题（含解析）注意事项：1满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。3选择题在每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；主观题用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔答在答题卡上相对应的答题区域内。答在试题卷上无效。第卷（选择题，共95分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每

2、段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A disaster. B. A school. C. A student.2. Where did the accident take place?A. In a college. B. Outside of a taxi station. C. In front of a supermarket.3. What is mos

3、t unlikely for them to do today?A. Going swimming at the gym.B. Staying at home and read.C. Going to the beach.4. What does the woman remind the man of?A. Returning the video in time.B. Borrowing some new books.C. Learning to survive natural disasters.5. When will there be a sale?A. Next Saturday. B

4、. This Friday. C. This Wednesday.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Who will the man travel with?A. His parents. B. His friend. C. His fathers friend.7. Which flight does th

5、e man prefer?A. A morning one. B. An afternoon one. C. An evening one.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Where did the woman experience an earthquake?A. In Turkey. B. In Japan. C. In America.9. How old was the man when he first experienced a flood?A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the woman w

6、ant the man to do?A. Go to the beach with her.B. Pay attention to the weather.C. Help her make a trip plan.11. What will the weather be like this weekend according to the forecast?A. Cold B. Cool. C. Warm.12 When did it start raining last Sunday?A. At noon. B. In the early afternoon. C. In the late

7、afternoon.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What was the woman doing when the earthquake occurred?A. Working in the office. B. Cooking at home. C. Visiting her friend.14. Who is the man worried about now?A. His father. B. His brother. C. His sister.15. What happened to the car of the mans sister?A. It was washed

8、 away by a flood.B. It was blown away by the wind.C. It was damaged by a tall tree.16. Where did the man get water to drink?A. From his neighbor. B. From the shop. C. From the river.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What caused problems for the traffic this afternoon?A. A typhoon. B. A shower. C. An earthquake.

9、18. What day is it today?A. Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday.19. Which season is it now most probably?A. Winter. B. Spring. C. Autumn.20. What does the speaker advise people to do?A. Avoid going to the mountains.B. Avoid going out at night.C. Get ready for the coming typhoon.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节

10、（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、 B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AConsumer Electronics Show (CES) is a global stage where the worlds next-generation inventions are introduced towards the marketplace, and lots of companies are participating. Here are several of the amazing inventions that were i

11、ntroduced at the show in 2020.August Wi-Fi Smart LockIts an intelligent door lock to protect your home, and it works on Wi-Fi. The lock doesnt require any additional hardware to attach to it and can be used with the existing door lock. The owner can remotely access the door from anywhere to lock or

12、unlock and can provide guest keys to family or friends. It keeps statistics and records of your doors “lock”, “unlock”, and who have visited.Motion PillowIts a pillow developed for anyone who has a snoring (打鼾) problem. The solution box detects, records, and analyses the sleeping persons snoring pat

13、terns. By changing the internal airbags pressure, it fixes the position of the sleeping persons neck and head gently to improve his breathing. Three layers of noise- reducing material minimize the users sleeping disturbance.Ao AirIts a high-tech face-covering wearable air purifier with no tight seal

14、 on the mouth and nose. The purifier pulls air inside through a filtration (过滤) process and uses fans to create a clean area in front of the device. Its designed in such a way that it can clean more than 98 % of PM2.5 through filtration.Transparent HoodThe company Continental showed off this revolut

15、ionary invention at CES 2020 that got the Best Vehicle Intelligence and Transportation Award. Its a technology that gives the driver the ability to see barriers and blind spots from the driving seat. Four cameras take surrounding pictures so that the driver can see the real-time blind spots and prev

16、ent even parking damage too.1. Who is the text mainly intended for?A. The general public.B. The science lovers.C. The electronic companies.D. The college students.2. Which of the following descriptions of Motion pillow is correct?A. Its intended for all those who cant sleep well.B. It can help sleep

17、ers breathe smoothly.C. It can remove the noise around to help people sleep.D. Its pressure is changed by sleepers themselves.3. What can we infer from the text?A. August Wi-Fi Smart Lock helps improve the safety of homes.B. Ao Air produces fresh air for its users.C. Motion Pillow reduces material t

18、o minimize sleeping disturbance.D. Transparent Hood helps make driving safer and easier.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2020年消费者电子产品展览会上展出的几项令人惊叹的发明。【1题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Consumer Electronics Show (CES) is a global stage where the worlds next-generation inventions are introduced towards the marke

19、tplace, and lots of companies are participating.(消费者电子产品展是一个全球性的舞台，世界上的下一代发明被推向市场，许多公司都参与其中)”中的“Consumer”和“marketplace”以及全文介绍的四种发明的客户群来看，本文主要是面向大众人群，介绍消费者电子产品展览会上展出的几项适应大众的发明。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Motion Pillow部分的“By changing the internal airbags pressure, it fixes the position of the sleeping persons

20、neck and head gently to improve his breathing.(通过改变内部安全气囊的压力，它可以轻轻地固定睡觉的人的颈部和头部的位置，以改善他的呼吸)”可知，该枕头可以改善人的呼吸，帮助睡觉的人呼吸顺畅。故选B项。3题详解】推理判断题。根据Transparent Hood部分的“Its a technology that gives the driver the ability to see barriers and blind spots from the driving seat. Four cameras take surrounding pictures

21、 so that the driver can see the real-time blind spots and prevent even parking damage too.(这项技术使驾驶员能够从驾驶座上看到障碍物和盲点。四个摄像头拍摄周围的照片，这样司机可以看到实时盲点，甚至防止停车损坏)”可知，透明引擎盖的发明有助于驾驶更安全，更容易。故选D项。BOur house was across the street from a big hospital so we rented our spare upstairs room to outpatients (门诊病人). One eve

22、ning, there was a knock at the door. I opened it to see a truly sick-looking man.His face looked terrible it was swollen and red. Yet his voice was pleasant. He told me that he came for treatment and that hed been hunting for a spare room since noon, but no one would give him one. “I guess its my fa

23、ce.”For a moment, I hesitated, but his next words convinced me: “I will sleep in this rocking chair on the porch. My bus leaves early in the morning.”The old man had a huge heart inside his tiny body. He told me that he fished for a living to support his daughter, his daughters five children and her

24、 disabled husband.He didnt complain while telling me his story. He was grateful that no pain accompanied his disease, which was seemingly a form of skin cancer.The next morning, he said, “Can I come back and stay next time I need treatment?” I told him he was welcome to come again.On his next trip,

25、as a gift, he brought a big fish and some large oysters (牡蛎). In the years that he stayed with us, there was never a time that he did not bring us gifts like these.My neighbour warned me that I could lose potential renters after the old man left.Maybe we did lose renters once or twice. But if they h

26、ad known him, perhaps their illnesses would have been easier to bear. I know our family will always be grateful to have known him. From him, we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude.4. Why did the author let the old man stay after hesitation?A. The old m

27、an looks terrible and frightening.B. The old man is pitifully undemanding.C. The old man couldt rent room from others.D. The old man talked happily with the author.5. Which of the following shows the old man had a big heart?A He had a large family to raise.B. He could sleep in a rocking chair.C. He

28、didt care about his disease.D. He wanted to come back and stay the next time.6. What can we learn about the author from the last two paragraphs?A. He was grateful for the neighbours warning.B. He and his neighbor are good friends.C. He truly appreciated the old man.D. He lost potential renters happi

29、ly.7. What can be a suitable title for the text ?A. Kindness makes the world beautiful.B. Happiness is around the corner.C. No pains, No gains.D. Live positively.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过接纳一位门诊病人，感悟到不要抱怨生活给予我们的苦难，而是感恩生活给予我们的一切。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的生病老人脸部描写和从老人从中午到晚上租房被拒的遭遇，和第三段“I w

30、ill sleep in this rocking chair on the porch. My bus leaves early in the morning(我会睡在门廊上的这张摇椅上。我的巴士一大早就出发了)”可知，作者在犹豫之后让老人留下来，因为老人很可怜，并且要求也不过分。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“He told me that he fished for a living to support his daughter, his daughters five children and her disabled husband.(他告诉我，他靠捕鱼为生，养活女

31、儿、女儿的五个孩子和残疾丈夫)”可知，他有一个大家庭要养，这表明这位老人小小的身体里有一颗巨大的心脏。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“From him, we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude.(从他那里，我们学会了什么是接受坏的而不抱怨，接受好的而心存感激)”可知，作者从老人这里学到了很多。由此推知，作者很欣赏这位老人。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。从升华主题的最后一段可知，我们感激这位老人是因为我们从他身上学到要“accept the

32、 bad without complaint and the good with gratitude(接受坏的而不抱怨，接受好的而心存感激)”，即保持积极正面的生活态度。由此可知，Live positively(积极生活)适合做本文最佳标题。故选D项。CAt any moment, about half the worlds population is wearing denim（牛仔布）clothes. But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in w

33、ater, as a new study shows.Sam Athey, one of the studys authors, says, “Even though denim is made of a natural materialcotton, it contains chemicals.” Cotton fibers were treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue colo

34、r.Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash. Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99 percent of them. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,

35、000 is still 500 fibers per wash. And since every pair of jeans is washed again and again, it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering the water environment.Denim microfibers showed up in sediment（沉淀物）from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakes in southern Onta

36、rio. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.“Everyone wears jeans so they could be

37、our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,” Athey says. “An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.” Athey grew up thinking she should wash her jeans after wearing them every couple of times, but most jean companies recommend washing them no more than once a mont

38、h. “The solution is not that you shouldnt wear jeans,” she says. “We need to buy fewer denim clothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Chemicals are contained in natural cotton.B. Chemicals can make denim colorful.C. Chemicals p

39、revent fibers from falling.D. Chemicals can make the life of denim longer.9. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Denim.B. Sediment.C. Microfibers.D. Chemicals.10. What does the author mainly want to tell us through Atheys words ?A. To avoid wearing jeans.B. To reduce deni

40、m consumption.C. To wash jeans more often.D. To limit input in denim production.11. In which section of a magazine might the text be found?A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Tourism.D. Geography.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了牛仔微纤维对水环境的污染问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“denim is made of a natural

41、materialcotton, it contains chemicals.(牛仔布由天然材料棉制成，它含有化学物质)”可知是牛仔布含有化学成分，不是天然棉花含有，故A错；第二段最后一句“distinctive blue color(独特的蓝色)”可知B项“colorful”的“五彩缤纷”错；第三段“about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash(每次洗涤时，每对会脱落约 50,000 根微纤维)”可知C项“化学品可防止纤维掉落”错；第二段“Some improve its durability and feel(一些改进了它

42、的耐用性和手感)”可知，此处表示化学品可以使牛仔布的使用寿命更长。故选D项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章“Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash.( Athey和她的团队洗了牛仔裤，发现每洗一条牛仔裤就有大约50000根超细纤维脱落)”可知，此处的“them”指代的是超细纤维。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“We need to buy fewer denim clothes and only wash th

43、em when they truly need it.(我们需要少买点牛仔服，只在他们真正需要的时候洗)”可知，人们通过减少对牛仔服饰的消费来减少牛仔布污染。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。本文为说明文，主要介绍了牛仔微纤维对水环境的污染，根据文章第一段“But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water, as a new study shows.(正如一项新的研究所显示的那样，一点点的牛仔布已经造成了令人惊讶的水污染)”可知，这篇文章来源于

44、科学研究。故选A项。DThe regular world presented to us by our five senses you could call it reality 1.0 is not always the most user-friendly. We get lost in unfamiliar cities; we meet people whose language we dont understand. So why not try the improved version: augmented reality（AR）or reality 2.0 ? AR techno

45、logy adds computer-produced images on the real world via a mobile phone camera or special video glasses.Early forms of AR are already here smart phones can deliver information about nearby ATMs and restaurants and other points of interest. But thats just the beginning. A few years from now the quant

46、ity of information available will have increased hugely. You will not only see that theres a Chinese restaurant on the next block, but you will be able to see the menu and read reviews of it.This is where the next revolution in computing will take place: in the interface（界面） between the real world a

47、nd the information brought to us via the Internet. Imagine bubbles floating before your eyes, filled with cool information about anything and everything that you see in front of you.Lets jump ahead to ten years from now. A person trying to fix a car wont be reading a book with pictures; he will be w

48、earing a device that projects animated 3D computer graphics onto the equipment under repair, labelling parts and giving step-by-step guidance.The window onto the AR world can be a smart phone or special video glasses. But in ten years time these will have been replaced by contact lenses(隐形眼镜) with t

49、iny LEDs, which present something at a readable distance in front of eyes. So a deaf person wearing these lenses will be able to see what people are saying.The question is, while we are all absorbed in our new augmented reality world, how will we be communicating with each other?12. What is the text

50、 mainly about?A. The relationship between reality 1.0 and reality 2.0.B. Different forms of the AR technology.C. The next information technology revolution.D. The popularity of the AR technology.13. Which of the following will AR technology support according to the text?A. To pay for things online c

51、onveniently.B. To play online games merrily.C. To offer information efficiently.D. To communicate with others socially.14. What are Contact lenses with tiny LEDs used for?A. Show texts and images.B. Protect peoples eyes.C. Help deaf people communicate.D. Replace smart phone.15. Whats the authors att

52、itude towards the AR technology?A. Indifferent.B. Critical.C. Concerned.D. Favourable.【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了AR技术(增强现实技术）的发展及其将给人们的工作、生活带来的巨大变化。AR技术是下一场信息技术革命。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Early forms of AR.(早期的AR)”“A few years from now(几年后)”和第四段“ jump ahead to ten years from now(

53、让我们跳到十年后)”和第五段“But in ten years time(但十年后)”可知，此处表示从时间顺序上回顾、展望AR技术。特别是从第三段第一句“This is where the next revolution in computing will take place(这就是计算的下一次革命将要发生的地方)”可知，这篇文章重点展望了下一次信息技术革命。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Imagine bubbles floating before your eyes, filled with cool information about anything and e

54、verything that you see in front of you. (想象一下，气泡漂浮在你眼前，充满了关于你眼前所见一切事物很酷的信息)”可知，根据文本AR技术将支持有效地提供信息。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“But in ten years time these will have been replaced by contact lenses with tiny LEDs, which present something at a readable distance in front of eyes. (但在十年后，这些将被带有微型 LED 的隐形眼镜

55、所取代，这些隐形眼镜在眼前的可读距离上呈现出一些东西)”可知，这种隐形眼镜是用来显示文字和图像的。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“So why not try the improved version(那么为什么不尝试改进版本)”以及文章最后一句“The question is, while we are all absorbed in our new augmented reality world, how will we be communicating with each other?(问题是，当我们都沉浸在新的增强现实世界中时，我们将如何相互交流)”可知，作者支持该

56、技术。故选D项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Most Western people slept in long nightshirts until the early 20th century. British colonists brought home with them comfortable sleepwear worn by inhabitants of their colonies. _16_By the 1920s, the fashion trend had found it

57、s way across the Atlantic to Americas shores. _17_ Envious of the appearance and comfort of mens pajamas (睡衣), women soon began trading in their nightgowns for fashionable trousers with jacket tops (上衣) made from silk for nighttime sleepwear._18_ The 1934 filmIt Happened One Night, a romantic comedy starring Claudett