职高英语Unit7HealthGrammar情态动词

1、WINTERTemplate情态动词表达情态动词表达允许允许请求请求命令命令猜测猜测意愿意愿拒绝拒绝WINTERTemplate常用情常用情态动词态动词can/couldbe able tomay/mightneeddaremust/have toshould ought tohad betterwill/wouldshall/should情态动词特征：情态动词特征：1. 1. 后接动词原形后接动词原形( (除除oughtought外）外）2. 2. 不能单独做谓语不能单独做谓语, ,要和动词原形一起要和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。构成谓语动词。3. 3. 无人称和数的变化无人称和数的变化:I

2、:I youyou hehe she she it it wewe they can they can0102情态动词的否定式情态动词的否定式shall not- shant will not-wontcan not -cant must not - mustntshould not-shouldnt would not-wouldntcould not-couldnt dare not-darentneed not-neednt may not -mayntmight not -mightnt ought not-oughtnt03一一. can/ could/be able to+. ca

3、n/ could/be able to+动词原形动词原形1. Can you play the piano?2. Lang lang could play the piano well when he was only three years old.3. Most women here can read and write now.1 1. .表能力、能够表能力、能够(could(could是过去是过去式）式）4. He can speak English.5. Can you ride a bike?6. He could speak a little Russian when he wa

4、s living in Russia.7. His brother was able to take care of himself when he was ten.04A computer _ think for itself, it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not05Can you teach me to play volleyball?Could you teach me to play volleyball? 2. 2. can can 表请求表请求. .此时此时cancan和和co

5、uldcould没有时没有时间上的差别，间上的差别，couldcould更委婉。更委婉。语气更委婉语气更委婉-Could you come here again tomorrow?-Yes, you can. (No, Im afraid not.)3. Can (could)表表“允许允许”Can Could I go now?You can use my computer.0607Can I borrow your pen?I am sure you cant play it well.It cant be him.You cant be hungry so soon, Tom. Youv

6、e just had lunch.Anybody can make mistakes.谁都有可能犯错。4.4.表客观可能性或推测。用于否定或疑问句。表客观可能性或推测。用于否定或疑问句。Cant: 肯定不。用于否定句中，语气非常强烈。WINTERTemplate8- Is Mr. Smith in his office now?- No, he _ there. I saw him in the library a minute ago.A. may beB. can be C. mustnt be D. cant be09Are you able to swim?He is able to

7、afford his family.I was not able to but I am able to now.If he works harder, hell be able to pass the next exam.He has not been able to get there before dark.be able tobe able to（能）（能）+ +动词原形。动词原形。 有人称有人称, ,数数和时态的变化和时态的变化,can,can只有现在时和过去时，因只有现在时和过去时，因此在此在will, havewill, have等后要用等后要用be able tobe able

8、 to10二二. may / might-May I have a dance with you?-Yes，you may. (Yes, please.)-No, you mustnt.-No, youd better not.111.表可能性表可能性He may be very busy these days.The story may not be true.We may call on you this evening. 我们也许今天晚上来看你。The news may or may not be true. 消息也许是真的，也许是假的。10- Excuse me, where are

9、we going to have our class meeting?- I am not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He _ know.A. canB. mayC. needD. would may表示推测时语气不十分肯定；might口气委婉。把握更小。2. 表表“可以可以”， “允许允许”You may go now. May I borrow your raincoat?-May I take this book out of the reading room?-Yes, you may.-No, you mustnt.might 是是may的过去式的

10、过去式He said that I might use the computer.You _ borrow my car if you drive carefully.A.Will be able to B. mayC. Have got to D. can not113.may3.may表祝愿表祝愿 May you succeed.May you have a pleasant journey!一路平安一路平安May you enjoy yourself!祝你们玩的高兴祝你们玩的高兴May you live long!祝你长寿祝你长寿12肯定式：肯定式：I/we/you/they/the s

11、tudents/have to do She/he/it/Tom/has to doThey/she/it had to do否定式：否定式： dont have to/doesnt have to /didnt have to疑问式：疑问式：Do/does/did +主语主语+动词原形动词原形-Do I have to go with him?-No, you dont have to/you neednt.三、三、have to must13have tohave to ：“必须必须”“”“不得不不得不”，强调，强调客观需要，客观需要，有人有人 称，数和时态的变化。称，数和时态的变化。mu

12、st must ：只有现在时形式，强调主观看法。：只有现在时形式，强调主观看法。说话人主观上必须说话人主观上必须.I must go now.客观（外界原因）造成的，客观（外界原因）造成的，必须必须. 有人称和时态变化。有人称和时态变化。I have to go now. Someone is waiting for me.1. Have to 与与must 的区别的区别WINTERTemplate14I must learn English language well.（表示主观上想把英语学好的意志。）I have to learn English language well.（客观需要，可

13、能由于工作需要或要去欧美国家深造一段时期等客观原因。）2. Must “必须必须” 否定式：否定式：mustnt “不许，一定不要不许，一定不要”The work must be finished as soon as possible.I must leave at 9:00.You must get to station before three oclock.You must come earlier tomorrow.You mustnt park your car here.13You must not (mustnt) smoke here.You mustnt take phot

14、os here.You mustnt take pets in.Mustnt “禁止禁止”3. Have to “必须，不得不必须，不得不” 有更多的时态形式有更多的时态形式I had to leave the party early last night. I wasnt very well.You dont have to worry about that.The student will have to know how to use computers.4. must 开头的问句开头的问句否定回答用neednt 或dont have to 表“不必”，不可用mustnt.-Must I

15、 come back before 6p.m.-Yes, you must.-No, you neednt. No, you dont have to.-Must I come here tomorrow?-No, you_.A.mustnt B. dontC. neednt D. can not15-Who is there at the door?-It must be my brother.-It cant be your brother. It must be Xiao li.She bought a house with a garden. It must be expensive.

16、她买了一套带花园的房子。一定很贵她买了一套带花园的房子。一定很贵。5. 5. mustmust：表推测（十分肯定）：表推测（十分肯定）“一定一定，肯定，肯定” ”16- It must be John who is in the office.- Im sure it _ be John. I saw him at the bus stop just twenty minutes ago.A. wontB. mustnt C. cantD. neednt 17Shall we talk?我们谈谈好吗？我们谈谈好吗？We should tell him the truth.我们应该告诉他真相。我

17、们应该告诉他真相。should 表表劝告，建议劝告，建议，“应该应该”与与ought to 同义。同义。After that, you should list your experiences.We should learn how to use computers.You shouldnt feel unhappy.四四. shall . shall 表征求意见；表征求意见；should should 表应该表应该WINTERTemplate18ShallShall we dance? we dance?ShallShall we go for a walk? we go for a wal

18、k?Where Where shallshall I wait for you? I wait for you?What What shallshall I do now? I do now?ShallShall he come tomorrow? he come tomorrow?你要他你要他明天来吗？明天来吗？1. shall用于一、三人称疑问句。征求意见或请求。shall19If you do well in your study, you If you do well in your study, you shall shall get a gift.get a gift.（允诺）（允

19、诺）He He shallshall be punished for what he has done. be punished for what he has done.（命（命令）令）You You shallshall do it, whether you want to or not.( do it, whether you want to or not.(命令）命令）You You shallshall pay for it. ( pay for it. (威胁）威胁）2. 二、三人称：表说话人给对方的许诺、命令、警告、威胁.五五. Should 与与ought toshould=

20、ought to(should:主观原因；主观原因；ought to：客观原因：客观原因)As students, we should study hard.He ought to be punished because he broke the law.201.should 与与ought to should较主观较主观,而而ought to更为客观，表示一种社更为客观，表示一种社会公德方面的义务，强调责任、义务会公德方面的义务，强调责任、义务。As students, we should learn study hard.作为学生，我们应该努力学习。作为学生，我们应该努力学习。As a c

21、hild, we ought to take good care of our parents.座位孩子，我们应该照顾好父母。座位孩子，我们应该照顾好父母。212. should 表示一种友好的忠告表示一种友好的忠告，而而ought to 却是却是一种训示或警告一种训示或警告。 You should do good to others.你应该对人行善。你应该对人行善。You ought not to smoke. 你不应该吸烟。你不应该吸烟。22我们应该每天练习说英语。我们应该每天练习说英语。We _ practise speaking English every day. 在学校，我们应该值

22、日。在学校，我们应该值日。We _ be on duty at school.她不应该违反校规。她不应该违反校规。She _break the school rules.她不应该花那么多钱买衣服。她不应该花那么多钱买衣服。She _ spend so much money on clothes.shouldought toought not to shouldnt 24Will you dance with me?Will you go with me?Will you give him a message when you see him?Will you pass me the butte

23、r?Would you like some tea?Would you water the plants while Im away?Would you tell us something about yourself?1.will1.will用于第二人称疑问句，表请求或征求意见，would would 语气委婉六。六。 willwould意愿意愿WINTERTemplate25I I will will tell you all about it.tell you all about it.We We willwill help him if he asks us to. help him

24、if he asks us to.I I willwill do my best. do my best.They said that they They said that they wouldwould help us. help us.I promised that I I promised that I wouldwould do my best. do my best.I told Peter that I I told Peter that I wouldwould go along with go along with him.him.2. 表意愿、意志，（wouldwould用

25、于过去情况） 262728 29303131 3132九九. .常用问答语常用问答语-May I have a dance with you?-May I have a dance with you?-Yes, you may.-No, you mustnt/cant/may not-Can you feel my heart?-Can you feel my heart?-Yes, I can.-No, I cant.33-Must I reply to you right away?-Must I reply to you right away?-Yes, you must./ No, you neednt./ dont have to.-Need I get you a glass of water?-Need I get you a glass of water?-Yes, you must./ No, you neednt./ dont have to.34-Will you have a talk with me?-Will you have a talk with me?-Yes, I will.-Yes, I will.-No, I wont/ cant.-No, I wont/ c