热点11语法填空(原卷版)

1、热点 11 语法填空【命题趋势】在一篇约 200 词左右的短文中留出 10 个空白，局部空白后面给出单词的根本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写 1 个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。语法填空那么更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。作为高考新题型的语法填空试题，近年高考英语该题型具有下面这些特点：文章以 记叙文和说明文 为主，文章长度控制在190220词，10道题中，有67个试题给出提示词，要求考生；考查的要点分为词法和语法两局部，词法局部包括：1词类的转换，结合语境考查给出的提示词的名词、形容词或副词变化；2介词的固定搭配，

2、名词的复数形式及运用；语法局部包括：时态和语态的综合运用，非谓语动词，各种从句等。从近年课标卷的语法填空试题看，给出提示词的考点主要包括：词类的转换名词与动词的转换，形容词与副词的转换 ；形容词比拟级与最高级的变化；名词单复数的变化；动词的时态语态、情态动词和虚拟语气、谓语动词与非谓语动词的变化等。给出提示词考点多为实词，所填写的词汇根据语境和短文或对话内容可以是 1 3 个单词。挖空分布均匀，考点的安排注重多样化。不给提示词的考点主要包括：连词并列连词和附属连词 、介词动词与介词的搭配、介词与名词的搭配、代词和冠词等。【总分值技巧】当句子缺少谓语动词时， 括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时，要根

3、据语境确定用哪种时态，根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：确定句中是否缺谓语或并列谓语，如缺谓语动词，那么填谓语动词。第二步：假设为谓语动词，就要看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定用主动语态还是被动语态，同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。第三步：要注意主谓一致。当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，该动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。 如作主语或宾语， 就用动名词 表一般意义 或不定式形式 表具体意义 ；作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，用不定式；作伴随状语或作定语，要根据与逻辑主语的

4、关系， 用现在分词或过去分词； 有时也要根据句式搭配来确定， 如 see/hear/ notice sb.do/doing sth.,spe nd.doi ng sth .等。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：假设句中已有谓语，也不是作并列谓语时，应为非谓语动词。第二步：根据非谓语动词在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求，或某些词语的特殊要求，确定用哪种非谓语动词形式。如作目的状语一般用不定式形式，作主语或宾语用-ing形式或不定式，在 enjoy,finish等动词后作宾语用-ing形式，在decide, refuse等动词后作宾语要用不定式形式等等。第三步：确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动还是被动关

5、系。第四步：根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后关系确定用一般式还是用完成式。【解题技巧】当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境，理解句意，假设该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通，就很可能填该词的比拟级或最高级；假设需要用与该词意义相反的词逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否认或相反意义的前缀。注意：要善于分析语境，区分省略了tha n的隐性比较级。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：分析结构，确定所给词在句子中作定语还是状语。第二步：根据结构、语境或句子意义确定是填比拟级还是最高级。当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转化。我们可据以下3条规那么顺

6、利解题：1作主语或宾语用名词形式；2作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式；3修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状语，用副词形式。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：分析结构，确定要填的词在句中充当哪种句子成分。在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语、作主语和宾语的补足语，一般要用形容词；修饰动词、形容词或副词，或修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词；作主语或宾语用名词，或者在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后，用名词。第二步：根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。1. 有时不但要注意词性转换，而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀，其逻辑意义才通顺；2. 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，就可能是加

7、只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀了。【热点话题】哲理故事类、科技环保类、社会现象类。【限时检测】建议用时：30分钟A2021年浙江省宁波市效实中学高考一模话题：高铁，冬奥会难度：建议用时：6分阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Beijing, together with Zhan gjiakou, succeeded in gett ing the cha nee to host the 2022 Win ter Olympic Games,which speeds up the developme nt of Zha ngjiakou City. Word ca

8、me 1 the Beiji ng-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway, located in North China, is now 2construction, and is expected to becompleted by 2021 in 3 (prepare) for the cities to host the 2022 Win ter Olympics.Starti ng from Beiji ng North Railway Stati on and headi ng west through the Great Wall, the project

9、is 4(probable) the biggest challe nge ever. Its desig ners say that the explosi ons n eeded5 (dig) the tunn els willnot have a n egative effect on the structure.The railway line has a len gth of 174 km as a double-track passe nger line, with ten stati ons along its route.Enjoying6 total investment o

10、f 31.17 billionyuan ($5 billion), the trip between the two cities will onlytake 40 minu tes 7 the train will travel at an average of 250 km/h.Accord ing to the pla n, the high-speed railway will have two branch8(line) one is to YanqingStation and the other to Taizicheng of Chongli, where the Olympic

11、 Village lies. The full railway, 9(in clude) a 70-kilometer secti on through Beiji ng,10 (complete) in four and a half years.B(内蒙古北方重工业集团第三中学2021届高三第二次模拟)话题：长城被列为世界遗产难度：建议用时：6分The Great Wall was listed as a World Heritage by UNESCO in 1987. Just like a drago n, it wi nds up and dow nacross deserts,

12、grassla nds and mountains, 1( run) approximately 21,196 kilometers from east to west.The 2( con struct) of the Great Wall was not that easy, 3 drew heavily on the local resourcesfor build ing materials. The walls were 4( orig in) built in the Spring & Autu mn Period and the Warri ngStates Period

13、. Emperor Qin Shi Huang succeeded in his effort to have them joined together. Since then, the GreatWall 5( serve) as a monument of the Chin ese n ati on throughout history.With 6 history of about 2,700 years, some parts of the Great Wall are now 7 ruins or havedisappeared. However, the Great Wall of

14、 China is still one of the most appeali ng 8(attracti on) all aroundthe world owing to its historical sig ni fica nce. The best-k nown part of the Great Wall of China, Badali ng,9(locate) 43 miles no rthwest of Beiji ng, attracts thousa nds of n ati onal and foreig n tourists every day.Today, the Gr

15、eat Wall 10(recog ni ze) as one of the most importa nt impressive architecturalachievements in history.C2021年四川省达州市高三第二次诊断性测试话题：防止奢侈品牌出现在校园难度：建议用时：6分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Our world has see n1 in creas ing nu mber of stude nts pressuri ng their pare nts into buying luxuries ( 奢侈品)just to l

16、ook good before their peers. Problem is 2 is to blame, parents, students or society? Now,some schools have take n acti on.To avoid 3 (show) off superiority among wealthy stude nts, Woodchurch High School in no rthwester nEngland has recently made an 4 (announce) to refuse quality designer coats, inc

17、luding Canada Goose,ofte n worth hun dreds of dollars. Such coats make poor stude nts feel bad since these items lead to in equality.feel left out and in adequate,5 (say) The In depe ndent in its last issue.The ban has aroused n ati on wide debate. Some argue that we should n 'take away pare nts

18、 right to buyanything 6 (value) they like for their kids. However, most parents applaud, believing it decreases theirworries on lower in comes.Just as Libby Purves, a UK reporter, put it, how you feel at school largely affects your whole life. ColumnistMichelle Singletary wrote on The Washington Pos

19、t that now comes the 7 (big) chanee so far to teachstude nts8(un dersta nd) cloth ing in fact measures nothing.Not just this. In May St. Wilfrid' s Primary School banned st9dentsjsing designer pencils in casepoor stude nts would feel10 (look) dow n upon.D(四省名校2021-2021学年高三第一次大联考)话题：学习书法的经历难度：建议用

20、时：6分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I felt butterflies in my stomach when I started calligraphy class ten years ago. I wondered what I was doingthere. At that moment, I couldn' t have known that I ' d just made1one o(ch©osfi)t of my life.I sat dow n and liste ned to the teacher 2(in tr

21、oduce) the tools of the craft. The n it was time for me totry my hand I took up the brush, using the correct gesture, 3 (dip) it in the ink ， and carefully wrote“ one4 Chinese.After n early five years of practici ng. I started to make vers ions of well-k nown poems. Calligraphy seemed likea bridge,

22、5 connected me to authors from centuries past. Stroke(笔画)by stroke, word by word , I could feeltheir emoti ons, cherished my own peace and lear ned6 (appreciate) my daily life.Now, calligraphy is n ot just 7 hobby, it is a way to remove myself from the 8 (worry) of life.and live 10 (peace).E(四川省宜宾市

23、2021-2021学年高三上学期第一次诊断性试题)话题：港珠澳大桥难度：建议用时：6分The Hong Kon g-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge is a series of bridges and tunn els1 connect the west side ofHong Kong to Macau and the city of Zhuhai, which are 2 (situate) on the west side of the Pearl River Delta.With its len gth, it will become one of the 3 (la ndmark) with in the area.The bridge 4(benefit) the economic development of the whole of the Delta. For Hong Kong, thepro