2020届高考英语考前冲刺精选专题资料汇编阅读理解(一)

1、2020;2020 届高考英语考前冲刺精选专题资料汇编阅读理解（一）AMost Americans would have a difficult time telling you， specifically ，whatare the values which Americans live by.They have never given the matter any thought.Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States.This has

2、caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors.I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most(but not all)Americans，and that understanding thesevalues can help you ，the international visitor， understand Americans.It is my belief thatif foreign visitor

3、s really understand how deeply these13 values are ingrained in Americans， they will then be able to understand95% of American actions actions which might otherwise appear“ strange ”，“ confusing ”， or “ unbelievable ” when evaluated from the perspective (aspect)of the foreigner's own society and

4、its values.The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs ， assumptions and values of that particular group.When you encounter (meet)an action ， or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you ， try to see it as an expression of one

5、or more of the values listed in this booklet.1An ordinary American can't tell you his/her value system because.A this is something an American lives by B everyone will have his/her own value system C he/she has never thought about it D values are something often in their thought 2 The author lis

6、ts 13 values in his booklet to.A invite foreigners to visit AmericaB look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitorsC describe the confusing actions of most AmericansD help international visitors understand Americans3The underlined word“ingrained ”in Line 2，Paragraph 3 most probably meansA ro

7、oted in the minds B found in the grains C planted for foodD prepared with grain4 Visitors sometimes find Americans behave in a strange， confusing orunbelievable way ，probably because.A Americans are hard to understandB Americans have values which are entirely different from their ownC they view Amer

8、icans according to the values in their own societyD it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them 【解题导语】 本文是一本书的序言。作者观察到，很多外国游客对美国人的行为 举止感到很奇怪，而这是因为他们不了解美国人的价值观。于是作者写了一本小册 子介绍这些价值观。了解了这些东西，人们就不会觉得美国人的行为“怪异、不可 思议”了。1. 答案 C 解析：考查细节理解。 第一段说， 美国人很难告诉你他们奉行的价值观 是什么，因为他们从来没有想过这个问题。

9、2. 答案 D 解析：考查推理判断。由第二、三段的内容可知作者列出美国人的 13 条价值观是为了帮助外国游客理解美国人的行为举止。3. 答案 A 解析：考查词义猜测。结合上下文内容可知这 13 条是美国人从来不加 考虑而奉行的价值观，因此这些是深深地扎根于美国人的大脑中的东西，画线词的 含义应该是 A 项。4. 答案 C 解析：考查推理判断题。 第三段说假如外国游客从自己的文化价值观的 角度去看美国人的行为，他们就会觉得美国人的行为表现“怪异，让人看不懂，难以相信”，由此可知选C项Passage B (2020;2020 年浙江金丽衢十二校联考 )The average American wi

10、ll have three to five careers,10 to 12 jobs ， and will hold each one for an average of 3.5 years throughout his or her lifetime ， according to the U S. Department of Labor. Does this sound familiar? Are you still struggling to find the ideal career? Finding_your_dream_job_may_be_as_simple_as_opening

11、_that_bag_of_potato_ch ips_in_your_kitchen_cupboard. Astudy conducted by Alan Hirsch ， neurological director of the Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation， Chicago ，found that job satisfaction is correlated to your favorite snack. “A person ' s job selection reflects his essential e

12、ssence and his personality ，” he maintains. “Food choices like selections of clothing ， movies ， and spouses can provide insight in personality and character structure. Thus ， the typical personality traits associated with snack preferences can be used to help predict occupational choices ， because

13、a person ' s job selection also reflects his essential essence and his personality. ”People who choose potato chips to satisfy their snacking urges have high expectations not only for themselves ， but for those around them. Competitive. They usually come out on top in business ， sports ， and soc

14、ial situations. (Lawyer ， tennis player ， police officer ， CEO)Formal ， always proper ， conscientious ， and principled. People whocrave cheese curls have a well - developed sense of integrity and maintain the moral high ground with their family ， coworkers ， and romantic partners. They plan ahead fo

15、r any possible catastrophe. With band- aids and batteries ， the cheese curl lover ' s house is always stocked and ready. ( Real estate agent ， psychiatrist( 精神病医师 ) ， producer)Self - assured and confident ，those who prefer popcorn are best described as take - charge sort of people. They will not

16、 hesitate to assume extra work on the job or take on chores at social gatherings. Even though they are self- confident ， popcorn lovers are modest and humble ， and would never be considered showoffs.Popcorn buffs are hidden successes.(Teacher， artist ，truck driver ，nurse ，judge ， neurosurgeon)1 What

17、 does the passage mainly tell us?A. Snack preference mayreflect one' s personality and character structure.B. Snack preference may predict one 's career choice.C. People in different careers may prefer different snacks.D. Food choices are just like one's selection of clothing ，movies，and

18、 spouses. 2 The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that.A. a snack lover is more likely to find his dream jobB. it is becoming much easier to find your dream job than beforeC. job hunting nowadays is as easy as finding your favorite snackD. we can tell one 's occupational choice

19、 by his favorite snack 3 A person who likes cheese curls is most likely to be a.A. police officerB. judge C. producerD. truckdriver4 The favorite snack of a CEO is probably.A. potato chipsB. popcorn C. cheese curlsD. nuts【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普阅读。一项研究发现，一个人的零食偏好往往能够 反映出他未来的择业倾向。1. 答案 B 解析：主旨大意题。 概括全文内容特别是文章第

20、二段可知， 本文主要介 绍一个人的零食偏好往往能够反映出他未来的择业倾向。 A 项是文章的细节，不是 本文的中心和主旨。2. 答案 D 解析：推理判断题。应该把这句话跟下文联系起来理解，这句话还是说 明根据一个人的零食偏好就能判断他未来会选择什么样的职业。3. 答案 C 解析：细节理解题。从第四段最后可知，喜欢奶酪卷的人适合的职业 之一是制片人。4. 答案A 解析：细节理解题。从第三段可知，CEC喜欢的食物是potato chips。Passage C （2020;2020 年黄冈中学期中测试 ）Doomed beauties such as Cleopata and Manilyn Monr

21、oe were far from alone in their misery. Very attractive people tend to form partnerships that are less stable and satisfying than those enjoyed by plain_Janes .According to the research by Dr John Blaine of the University of Southern California, relationships between people whose professions largely

22、 depend on their appearance, such as models or actors, tend to end much faster than those between lawyers, doctors and students.Blaine said the beautiful felt different from children. They are treated as special, which maycreate both arrogance （ 傲慢 ）and insecurity. All too often, beauty can be used

23、as an alternative to education. Often they are pushed out of their class or town, told to go off and make their fortune in Hollywood or London and, whenthe majority fail, they have few talents to makea living. Blaine added that beautiful people score poorly on the “big five ”the key factors American

24、 experts consider whenhelping distressed couples. These are neuroticism（ 神经过敏 ）， including anger and anxiety; extroversion（ 性格外向 ）； openness to newexperiences; agreeableness; conscientiousness, and sticking by agreements they have made. Attractive people often see no reason to try to change until th

25、eir looks start to fade.Krista Sutherlanf, of the University of California Los Angeles, said partnerships that appeared to be perfect from the outside, such as the former “dream teams” of Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise or Hugh Grant and ElizabethHurley, where backgrounds and aspirations（抱负）are often s

26、hared , did notn ecessarily lead to happ in ess.1. What can we infer from the first sentence of the passage?A. Beautiful women always felt Ionely.B. Beautiful women were always alone.C. Many beautiful women didn ' t end up with a happy life.D. Beautiful women always lived a happy life.2. The und

27、erlined phrase “ plain Janes” in the passage refers to “”.A. ordinarylooking womenB . women called JaneC. com mon peopleD. attractive wome n3. We can infer from the passage that.A. Hugh Grant and Elizabeth Hurley were a coupleB. Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise were very satisfied with their lifeC. when

28、 they fail in Hollywood, the beautiful have little trouble in making a livi ngD. the marriage of the beautiful often lasts long4. Which of the following is the best title?A. Five key factors affecting the partnership B. Beauties are doomed tofail in loveC. Beautiful or com mon?D. The beauties are di

29、ffere nt【解题导语】本文为议论文，作者论证了这样一个观点：美女并不幸福。1. 答案C 解析：考查推理判断。第一段说漂亮的人，其 partnership 往往不如 普通人的稳定和让人满意，由此判断，文章开头说“克莱奥帕特拉和玛丽莲？梦露等 美女的悲惨命运绝非个例”意在表明“很多美女的生活都不幸福”。2. 答案A解析：考查词义猜测题。从语境看，画线部分的plain Janes指与前面提到的美女相对的、相貌平常的女性，因此选A。3. 答案A 解析：考查推理判断。最后一段说，外界看上去很完美的关系，比如未必最终有幸福的结局。再结合上文论述可判断Hugh Grant和Elizabeth Hurl

30、ey是夫妻关系，故选A,其他选项都与文章内容不符。4. 答案B 解析：考查主旨大意。文章主要论述了美女命运多舛的观点，并分析 了其中的原因，故B项最适合为本文标题。1Do America n childre n still lear n han dwriti ng in school? In the age of thekeyboard, some people seem to think han dwriti ng less ons are on the way out.90%of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting.But

31、 studies haveyet to an swer the questi on of how well they are teach ing it. One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach han dwrit ing. Some teachers are teach inghan dwrit ing by provid ing in structi on for 1015 minu tes a day,

32、 and the n otherteachers who basically teach it for 60 to 70 minu tes a day which reallyfor han dwriti ng is pretty much.Many adults remember lear ning that way by copy ing letters over and over again. Today' s thinking is that short periods of practice are better. Many experts also think han dw

33、riti ng should not be taught by itself. In stead, they say it should be used as a way to get stude nts to express ideas. After all, that is why we write.Handwriting invoIves two skills.Oneis legibility,_ which meansforming theletters so they can be read. The other is flue ncy writi ng without hav in

34、gto thi nk about it. Flue ncy con ti nues to develop up un til high school.But not every one masters these skills. Teachers commo nly report that aboutone fourth of their kids have poor han dwriti ng. Some people might thi nkhandwritingis not importantany more because of computers and voicerecog nit

35、i on programs.But Steve Graham at Vanderbilt says word processing is rarely done in elementary school, especially in the early years. American children traditionally first learn to print, and then to write in cursive, which connects the letters. But guess what we learned from a spokeswoman for the C

36、ollege Board, which administers the SAT college admission test. More than 75 percent of students choose to print their essay on the test rather than write in cursive.出处： 2020;2020 广东十校联考 体裁：议论文话题：在键盘普及的年代美国的书法教学情况。 阅读策论：抓住论点，抓住观点，把握中心，再结合作为论据的诸多事例以及它们 与观点之间的内在联系，从而理解文章的结构。入选理由：文章难度适中，话题贴 近社会，题目设计合理巧

37、妙。1 We can learn from Paragraph 1.A. teaching handwriting is a basic requirement in teaching jobB. most teachers prefer to teach handwritingC. teachers spend little time in teaching handwritingD. a keyboard has taken the place of the handwriting entirely2 Which of the following is WRONG for traditio

38、nal handwriting in the USA?A. The students are taught by practicing a long period.B. The letters are repeated many times.C. Handwriting includes two skills.D. To write in cursive is taught first.3 The underlined word “legibility ” in Paragraph 3 means .A. easy to readB. complexC. unexpectedD. unread

39、able4 The best title for the passage is .A. How to improve handwriting in schoolB. Right or wrong: the death of handwritingC. Handwriting involves two skillsD. Handwriting lessons are on the way out5The author ' s attitude towards whether still to learn handwriting inschool is.A. negativeB. obje

40、ctiveC. criticalD. optimistic2.A few years ago ，Paul Gerner began to gather a group of architects in Las Vegas to ask them what it would take to design a public school that used 50 percent less energy, cost much less to build and obviously improved student learning. “I think half of them fell off th

41、eir chairs,”Gerner says.Gerner managesschool facilities （设施） for Clark County, Nevada，a district roughly the size of Massachusetts. By 2020;2020,143,000 additional students will enter the already crowded public education system. Gerner needs 73 new schools to house them. Four architecture teams have

42、 nearly finished designing primary school prototypes （ 样品 ） ；they plan to construct their schools starting in 2020;2020. The district will then assess how well the schools perform, and three winners will copy those designs in 50 to 70 newbuildings. Green schools are appearing all over, but in Clark

43、County，which stands out for itsvastness, such aggressive targets are difficult because designrequirements like more natural light for students go against the realities of a desert climate.“One of the biggest challenges is getting the rightsite orientation（ 朝向） ，” Mark McGinty, a direc tor at SHArchi

44、tecture, says. His firm recently completed a high school in Las Vegas.“You have the samebuilding, same set of windows, but if its orientation is incorrect and it faces the sun, it will be really expensive to cool.”Surprisingly, the man responsible for one of the most progressive greendesign competit

45、ions has doubts about ideas of eco friendly buildings.“Idon' t believe in the new green religion，” Gerner says.“Some of thebuilding technologies that you get are impractical. I 'm interested in those that work. ”But he wouldn't mind if some green features inspire students. He says he hop

46、es to set up green energy systems that allow them to learn about the process of harvesting wind and solar power. “You never know what's going to start the interest of a child to study math and science，” he says.出处： 2020;2020 皖南八校第二次联考 体裁：记叙文 话题：创造性思维是我们每个人都应该有的，但是一切应该从实际出发，不切实际 的想法也就如同空中楼阁。 本文所涉

47、及的主人公 Gerner 想创办一所绿色学校的想法 遭到了很多人的质疑，他的设计要求连他自己也开始怀疑。 阅读策略：抓住中心人物，按照线索弄清来龙去脉，理解整篇文章 入选理由：文章采用话题独特，设计的题目值得学生推敲1 How did the arc hitects react to Gerner's design requirements?A. They lost balance in excitement.B. They showed strong disbelief.C. They expressed little interest.D. They burst into chee

48、rs.2 Which order of steps is followed in carrying out the project?A. Assessment Prototype Design Construction.B. Assessment Design Prototype Construction.C. Design AssessmentPrototype Construction.D. Design Prototype AssessmentConstruction. 3 What makes it difficult to build green schools in Clark C

49、ounty?A. The large size.B. Limited facilities.C. The desert climate.D. Poor natural resources.4 What does Gerner think of the ideas of green schools?A, They are questionable.B. They are out of date.C. They are advanced.D. They are practical.3A year ago August, Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck

50、for a small company in west Michigan. His wife, Gerrie, was still working in the local school cafeteria, but work for Dave was scarce, and the price of everything was rising. The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homesin recent years. Then Dave and Gerrie r

51、eceived a timely gift $ 7,000, a legacy （ 遗产 ） from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch, who died in an accident.“ It really made a difference when we were going underfinancially ，” says Dave.But the Fusses weren 't the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected

52、 legacy from the Hatches. Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches' generosity. In some cases, it was afew thousand dollars; in others, it was more than $100,000.It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money, more than $3 million they were an elderly couple who live

53、d in an old house on what was left of the family farm.Children of the Great Depression, Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving. They thrived on （ 喜欢） comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store，checking prices before making a new purchase.Through the years, the Hatche

54、s paid for local children to attend summercampwhen their parents couldn' t afford it.“Ish and Arlene never asked if youneeded anything ，” says their friend Sandy Van Weelden,“They could seethings they could do to make you happier, and they would do them.”Even more extraordinary was that the Hatc

55、hes had their farmland distributed. It was the Hatches ' wish that their legacya legacy of kindness as muchas one of dollars and centsshould enrich the whole community （社区 ） andlast for generations to come.Neighbors helping neighbors that was Ish and Arlene Hatch ' s story.出处：济南中学 2020;2020

56、寒假练习 体裁：夹叙夹议 话题：本文主要介绍了一对关心邻里、无私奉献的夫妻。他们把自己的财产留给需 要的人，强调人人互助，世界就会更美好。阅读策略：细读作者叙述的事实，抓住作者的观点，理清文章的结构 入选理由：文章的话题出现频率高，永做不衰的话题 1 According to the text, the Fusses .A. were employed by a truck companyB. were in financial difficultyC. worked in a school cafeteriaD. lost their home2 Which of the following

57、 is true of the Hatches?A. They had their children during the Great Depression.B. They left the family farm to live in an old house.C. They gave away their possessions to their neighbors.D. They helped their neighbors to find jobs.3 Why would the Hatches routinely go from store to store?A. They deci

58、ded to open a store.B. They wanted to save money.C. They couldn ' t afford expensive things.D. They wanted to buy gifts for local kids.4 According to Sandy Van Weelden, the Hatches were.A. understanding B. optimisticC. childlikeD. curious5 What can we learn from the text?A. The community of Alto was poor.B. The summer camp was attractive to the parents.C. S