最全初中英语语法之-形容词副词教)

1、形容词一淀义：用來修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫 形容词。二.形容词的作用，见下表:作用例句定语you can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.表语your coat is too small宾语补足 语the old woman keeps everything clean and tidy.注意:有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone, afraid, asleep等。例如：don't wake the sleeping baby up. he is asleep.the old man is alone.形

2、容词用来修饰 something, anything, nothing, everything 等不定代 词，要放在这些词的后面。例如you'd better tell us something interesting.the police found nothing strange in the room.多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词2）数 词3）性质4）大小5）形状6）表示老少，新旧7）颜色8）事 务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如:his grandpa still lives in this small short house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里

3、。the woman bought two beautiful chin esc plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓 语常用复数。这类词有:rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill; living / dead ; black / white （表示人种等）。例如:the young should take good care of the old.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。the rich never help the poor in this countr

4、y.在这个国家，富人从來不帮助穷人。形容词短语做定语时要后置。如they arc the students easy to teach.他们是很容易较的学生。we live in a house much larger than yours.我们住的房了比你们的人得多。else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如：did you see any body else?你看到别的人了吗？三.以ly结尾的形容词1）人部分形容词加ly mj构成副词。但friendly, deadly, lovely, lonely, likely, lively, ugly, brotherly,仍为形容词。改错:（错

5、）（错）（対）（对）she sang lovely.he spoke to me very friendlyher singing was lovely.he spoke to me in a very friendly way.2）有些以ly结尾既为形容词，也为副词，如daily, weekly, monthly.yearly, early 等。the times is a weekly paper.时代周刊为周刊°the times is published weekly.时代周刊每周发彳亍一期。副词一 定义：副词主要用來修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。.副词的位置：1）在实义

6、动词z前。2）在be动词、助动词z后。3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在笫一个助动词后。注意:a. 人多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句了平 衡。例如：we could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清楚地看到 前面有奇怪的光。b. 方式副词well, badly, hard等只放在句尾。例如：he speaks english well.他英语说得好。三.副词的排列顺序：1）时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。2）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。例 如：please write

7、slowly and carefully.请写得慢一些，仔细一些3）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。注意:副词very可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。改错：（错）i very like english. （对） i like english very much.注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放 在名词前后都可。例如：i don't know him well enough.他我不熟悉。there is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人 吃。i.兼有两种形式的副词1) close 与 clos

8、elyclose意思是“近”； closely意思是”仔细地“。例如i： he is sitting close to me.他就坐在我边上。watch him closely.盯着他。2) late 与 latelylate意思是“晚“； lately意思是”最近“。例如：you have come too late.你來得太晚 了。what have you been doing lately?近來好吗？3) deep 与 deeplydeep意思是“深“，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，” 深深地”。例如：he pushed the stick deep into the

9、 mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。 4 ) high 与 highlyhigh表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。例如： the plane was flying high.这架飞机飞得很高。1 think highly of your opinion.你的看法很有道理。5) wide 与 widelywide表示空间宽度；widely意思是t广泛地”，“在许多地方”。例如: he opened the door wide.他把门开得人人的。english is widely

10、 used in the world.英语在【比界范围内丿'-泛使用。6) free 与 freelyfree的意思是"免费”； freely的意思是”无限制地”。例如：you can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么吋候，我这 饭铺免费对你开放。五.各种类型副词的位置英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同,它的位置比较灵活。通 常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。卜面來介绍一卜副 词的分类方法:多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如：we are living happily. 我们幸福的生活着。he runs sl

11、owly他跑的很慢。时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如：they went to the park yesterday morning.昨天上午他们去公园了。i heard him sing english songs over there. 我听见他在那边唱英语歌illi。he drove the jeep carefully.他小心地开着吉普。有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首，起强调作用。女n：yesterday i got up late.昨天我起床很晚。频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后，实义动词 之前如：he is seldom ill.他很少生病。you

12、must always remember this.你一定要记住这一点。i often write to my parents.我经常写信给父母。do you usually go to school on foot.你经常走路去上学？he has never been to beijing.他从来没有去过北京。注意:有吋为了加强语气，频度副词也町放在句首。如：sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.有时她乘公共汽车上学，有时骑自行车去。程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词相同，修饰形容

13、词和副词时，放在 它所修饰的词前面。如：that's quite early.那很早。i nearly missed the bus.我儿乎错过了公交车。she did rather badly.她干得相当糟。否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如：she seldom goes out at night.她晩上很少出门。i am never late for school.我上学从不迟到。we had hardly got to the station when the train left.火车离开时，我们差不多/几乎到了车站。疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如：whe

14、n can you come?你什么时候來？how many days are there in a month?一个月有多少天？what arc you going to do when you grow up? 长大以后，你打算干什么？where were you born?你是在那里出牛的？why didn't he come?他为什么没有来？同时存在时间状语和地点状语时，时间状语一般放在后面。如：the meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow明天会议将在教室里举行。he watched tv in his room last

15、 night.他作晚在房间里看电视。they arrived in beijing at 8 o'clock last evening.他们昨犬晚上&00到达北京。注：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如：late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等the road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time.open your mouth wide.形容词副词练习一.基础练习l if i had, i would visit europe, stopping at all the small i

16、nterestingplaces.a. a long enough holiday b. an eno ugh long holidayc a holiday enough long d. a long holiday enough2. these oranges taste a. good b well c to be good d to be well3. how beautifully she sings! i have never hearda. the better voice b. a good voice c. the best voice d. a better voice4

17、i would be, if you could give me an early reply.a. pleasant b. grateful c. satisfied d. helpful5. those t-shirts arc usually $ 35 each, but today they have a (an)priceof $ 19 in the shopping center-a regular b special c. cheap d. oolinary6. mr smith bought apurse for his wifea. small black leather b

18、 black leather small c. small leather black d. black small leather7. how was your job interview?oh, i couldn" t feel. 1 hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they askeda. better b. easier c. worse d happier8. longjing tea, jasmine tea and wuyi tea are all famous,but which do you

19、think a tastes best b. smells most c. sounds best d. drinks mostly9. can li hua help me with my english?i regret to tell you her english isyoursa. as good as b no more than c. no better than d. as much as10. although he sometimes loses his temper, his students like himfor it.a. not so much b. not so

20、 little c no more d. no less11 when they came in, mr harrislike a baby.nobody would like to wake him from a good dream,because he needed rest. a. fell asleep b. was sound asleep c. got asleep d went to sleep12. this year they have produced grain they did last year.a. as less； as b as few； as c 1 ess

21、； than d. fewer： than13. can i help you? well, i" m afraid the box isheavy for you,but thank you all the same.a. so b. much c. very d. too14. how did you find your visit to the museum? i thoroughlyenjoy it. it wasthan i expecteda. far more interesting b even much interestingc. so far interestin

22、g d. a lot much interesting15. would you like some wine? yes justa. little b. very little c. a little d. little bit16. it takes a long time to go there by train； it" s by road.a. quick b the quickest c much quick d. quicker17. if there were no examinations, wc should haveat school.a. the happie

23、st time b a more happier timcc much happiest time d. a much happier time18. t m surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an)trick.a. ordinary b easy c. smart d. simple19. the salesman showed her several bags and she choseone as shedidn' t want to spend too much money on it.a. the les

24、s expensive b. less expensive c the least expensive d least expensive20. box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.a. so a heavy b. so heavy a c a such heavy d such heavy a 二.提高练习1. to plant the tree, we must diga. a three feet deep hole b. three-foot-deep a holec. a hole three feet deep d. a three-feet

25、-deep hole2.1 think he is one of the best men you'vefound.a-never b. already c. ever d. once3.the boy's grown! he is almosthis father.a. what, as tall as b. what, taller than c. how, as tall as d. how, taller than4.1 haven't gotnails to mend the cupboard i need another three of them.a. e

26、nough big b. big enough c. much bigger d. many enough5. henry knows little of physicsof chemistry.a. as well as b. no less than c and still more d and still less6. the dish is delicious!一 well, at least ifsthe one 1 cooked yesterday.a. as bad as b no worse than c as well as d. no better than7. 一 do

27、you think the weather is good enough for a picnic? yes. you couldn't hope forat this time of the year.a. a nice day b. the nice day c. a nicer day d the nicest day8. it makes thomas no better, and it makes youa. best b. good c. well d. worse9. with the help of the new equipment, our factories pr

28、oducedvcd playersin 2000 as the year before.a. as many as twice b twice more than c as twice many d. twice as many10.1 had invited 50 guests to the party, but actually twicecamea. more than b. as manyc as much d. 1 ess than11 一 why didn't you go to the cinema last night? it was somethinginterest

29、ing.a. far less b. more or less c. much more d. any further12 the population of many alaskan cities hasdoubled in the past fiveyears.a. larger than b. more than c. as greatly as d. as much as13 一 this is a good place for a picnic. yes, it couldn't be.a. better b. best c. worst d. worse14. how do you like your teacher of english? well, no one teacheshere.a. well b. poorly c. best d. better15. in the poor parts of america's big cities there is a lot of crime,.a. and much of it is serious b