环境工程专业英语推荐课件

1、China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)环境科学与工程专业英语水资源与环境学院郭华明联系方式China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)重要性重要性读和看读和看了解国外研究现状写写 发表高水平论文（SCI）听和说听和说跟国外专家面对面交流（学术会议

2、、国外学习）China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)一、专业英语基础（一）一、专业英语基础（一）二、专业英语基础（二）二、专业英语基础（二）三、专业英语阅读三、专业英语阅读四、专业英语写作四、专业英语写作五、英文学术论文的发表五、英文学术论文的发表六、英文研究申请的书写六、英文研究申请的书写内内 容容China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and Envir

3、onmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Experimental and modeling study ofadsorption desorption processes with application toa deep-well injection radioactive waste disposal site, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (2.964)Snatural attenuation (天然衰减)Ssorption and desorption kinetics (吸附-解吸动力学)Sequilibrium (

4、平衡)Sbatch experiments (静态实验、批实验)Ssynthesized groundwater (人工配制的地下水)Sadsorption hysteresis 滞后作用Sradionuclide (放射性核素)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sirreversible (不可逆的)Ssimultaneous (同时发生的)Sanomalous (不规则的)Shypotheses (假设)Smutual i

5、nterference (相互干扰)Snon-monotonic (非单调的)Sroom temperature (室温)Satmospheric pressure (大气压)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Removal of Arsenic(III) from Groundwater by Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron, Environmental Science and Technology (

6、IF=5.257)SNanoscale zero-valent iron 纳米零价铁Smagnetite/ maghemite 磁铁矿/磁赤铁矿Slepidocrocite 纤铁矿Spseudo-first-order rate expression 伪一级速率方程SFreundlich adsorption isotherm (Freundlich吸附等温线)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Integrated biolo

7、gical and physiochemicaltreatment process for nitrate and fluorideremoval, Water Research (IF=4.655)Ssequencing batch reactor 定序间歇反应器Sdenitrification 反硝化作用Sdefluoridation 去氟 (除氟)Shydraulic retention times (HRT) 水力停留时间Spowdered activated carbon (PAC) 粉末活性碳Salum-PAC slurry 明矾-PAC污泥 China University of

8、 Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)一、专业英语基础（一）词和词法(1) 描述性描述性 (investigate, test, examine, carry out, perform, conduct; increase, decrease, relationship, change with, fit; more, less)(2) 分析性分析性 (indicate, demonstrate, illustrate, imply, speculate, sugge

9、st, show)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)1、动词、动词Sto be above (be over, be greater than, exceed)Sto account for (占)Sto achieve (attain, obtain, acquire, get, gain)Sto address (solve)Sto be affected (be controlled, be determined)Sto

10、 affect (have an effect/influence/ impact/bearing on)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto assess (evaluate, estimate, investigate)Sto better describe (better understand)Sto be bordered by (be bounded by)Sto calibrate (verify, valid

11、ate, test)Sto correct (revise, modify) Sto be carried out (be performed, be conducted)Sto change with time (vary with time, to increase/decrease with time)Sto be characterized by/asChina University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto be classified

12、 as (be categorized as, be grouped into, be divided into)Sto coincide with (be coincident with, be consistent with, be in agreement with)Sto collect (sample, take, gather)Sto compareto (compare with, in comparison with)Sto be composed of (consist of, be made up of, comprise, form)Sto concentrate on

13、(focus on, center on, place ones emphasis on)Sto be concerned with (deal with)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto conclude (draw conclusions, come to conclusions)Sto contact (be in contact with, keep in contact with)Sto correspond

14、 to (be in correspondence of/with)Sto cover (occupy, encompass)Sto be dated back to (be traced back to)Sto deal with (cope with)Sto decrease (decline, fall, lower, drop, descend)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto delineate (descr

15、ibe, characterize, provide an insight into)Sto be defined as/by (be expressed as, be written as)Sto demonstrate (indicate, illustrate, exhibit, reveal, imply, show, suggest)Sto denote (be denoted as, designate, be designated as)Sto depend on/upon (be dependent on/upon, be independent of)Sto develop

16、(form, produce)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto dominate (be dominated, predominate, be predominated)Sto examine (test, investigate)Sto be explained by (be interpreted by)Sto encounter (happen to meet)Sto face the problem/threa

17、t/facts/situation/ challenge ofSto find (observe, notice, note)Sto fit (match, follow)Sto follow (following, in the following years, in the years followed, as follows)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto be found (be observed, be t

18、hough to, be believed to, be considered to, be estimated to, be assumed to, be expected to)Sto fund (financially support)Sto have an influence (impact/effect/bearing) on Sto have high (large)/low (small) concentrations (contents) of (contain)Sto be held/kept/maintained constant (remain constant)Chin

19、a University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto ignore (omit, neglect, be negligible)Sto increase (rise, raise, ascend)Sto infiltrate (penetrate, percolate)Sto involve (be involved in)Sto issue Sto be known as (be regarded as, be referred to as,

20、be viewed as, be called as, be termed, be stated as, be recognized as)Sto lie in (be situated in, be located in)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto be less known (be seldom examined, be unknown, be not yet known, be beyond of the

21、scope of, be not fully understoodremain controversial/unsolved/open/ to be answered)Sto meet the conditions/ needs/ requirement /goal ofSto mix with (mingle with)Sbe named after someone (bear ones name)Sto occur (be present, take place, exist, appear, emerge)China University of Geosciences School of

22、 Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto originate from (stem from)Sto overlie (underlie)Sto plotSto postulate (hypothesize),Sto predict (foresee, forecast, broadcast)Sto prevail (predominate, dominate) Sto propose (put forward, set forth, present)Sto provide (present)China U

23、niversity of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto put about 散布 (rumor)Sto put away 抛弃Sto put forward 提出 Sto put out 生产,熄灭 Sto put aside 把放到一边 Sto put down 放下Sto put off 推迟 Sto put up 举起Sto put forth 提出 Sto put up with 忍受 China University of Geoscience

24、s School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)S to range fromto(range between and , vary fromto, vary between and, lie in the range-, lie in the range of to)S to recharge (replenish, feed)S to discharge (drain)S to render (make)S to represent (stand for, refer to, be)S to r

25、eplace A with B (substitute B for A)S to report (document)S to result from (be caused by, as a result of, attribute to, arise from)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto reveal (tap)Sto reveal (show)Sto speculate (infer, deduce, impl

26、y) Sto takeinto account 考虑Sto take an interest in 对感兴趣Sto take an advantage of 利用Sto take part in 参加Sto take place 发生Sto take the place of 代替Sto take effect 生效 China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto take turn 轮流Sto take measures (ste

27、ps/action)Sto tend (not) to (have a tendency (not) to/be) Sto thank (acknowledge, be grateful to, express ones gratitude to)Sto use (utilize, employ)Sto vary (be various of, be variable in, change)Sto yield (produce) China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huamin

28、g GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)About verbsStransitive verbs VS. intransitive verbs:1) The government allocated 10 million yuan for the disaster relief.2) The IT industry started to prosper in China from the late 20th century.(Only transitive verbs can be used in passive tense.)China University of Geosciences Sc

29、hool of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)A follow-up exerciseSPlease tell whether the following words are transitive or intransitive. occur, appear, exist, rise, flourish, contribute, increase, experience, attribute, raise, influence, punish, eliminate , enlarge, enrich, p

30、romote, ban, resolve, witness, echo, China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Key to the exerciseSoccur (vi.), appear (vi.), exist (vi.), experience (vt.), witness (vt.), flourish (vi.), attribute (vt.), contribute (vt./vi.), increase (vt.

31、/vi.), rise (vi.), raise (vt.), influence (vt.), resolve (vt.), punish (vt.), ban (vt.), echo (vt.), enlarge (vt.), enrich (vt.), promote (vt.), eliminate (vt.)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)S an area of, a total area of, a thick

32、ness of, a diameter of, a height of, a volume of.S an application ofto(把应用到)S an approach to (a solution to,解决问题的方法)S an access to (insight into,理解) S area (region, district, territory, terrane/terrain-岩区)S the area studied, the study area, the area under study/consideration, the area of concern, th

33、e area of interest (研究区)2、名词、名词China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sboundary, border (边界)Sboundary conditions (边界条件)Sa boundary of constant headSa boundary of first typeSa boundary of no-flowSa boundary of second typeChina University

34、of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Scase, situation (情况)Sa case study / a case story (实例)Sa change/ variation/ fluctuation/ oscillation/ increase/ rise/ decrease/ fall/ reduction/ decline/ difference/ deterioration inSa slight/ steady/ linear/ gradua

35、l/ dramatic/ abrupt/ progressive/ steep/ sharp/ precipitous/ long-term change inScharacteristic length/ coefficient/ line/ curve (特征长度/系数/直线/曲线)Scoefficient /parameter/ component/ compositionChina University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sconcen

36、tration/ content/ levelSconcern (of particular/great concern) Its of particular concern due to the chronic toxicity of arsenicShydraulic connections/ a good hydraulic connection with, a direct contact withScorrelation /correlation coefficientSdecay衰变/ damp衰减, decay constantSdelay (滞后)Sedge, rim, bri

37、m, brink, periphery, margin, perimeter (周界, 周边) China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Semphasis, focusSexample (for example, takeas an example, be exemplified by)Sfigure (graph, illustration, chart, diagram)总称 draft/ scheme/ sketch/ (草图

38、/示意图) plate (挂图) map/ drawing (三维/二维图) line/ curve/ profile/ cross sectionChina University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)SFlow: steady flow, steady-state flow; transient flow, unsteady flow, unsteady-state flow, non-steady flow; flow field/ flow

39、 domain/ flow velocity/ flow rate/ flow net/ flow of waterSfluctuation/ oscillationSfracture(破裂)/ fissure(裂隙)/ joint(节理)/ crack(裂缝)/ rift (裂谷)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)SWater： ground water/groundwater, groundwaters, fresh wa

40、ter saline water/ salt water/ salt-water/ salted water/ sea water/ seawater groundwater exploitation/ withdrawal/ abstraction/ pumpage/ development/ production groundwater over-exploitation/ overdraft/ overpumping groundwater resource management/ assessmentChina University of Geosciences School of W

41、ater Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sinvestigation (survey, study, research, analysis, experiment)Skind, type, sort, category, species, class, genusSlack of, in the absence of, with the existence ofSsolid line, dashed line/ broken line/ dotted line (虚线)Slocation/ site/ spotSma

42、tch/ fitChina University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Smodel/ simulation/ modelingSmovement toward/ advance into/ intrusion into/ migration into/ landward movement/ to move inland/ to move seawardSnature/ feature/ characteristic/ property/ trai

43、t/ attribute (属性, 品质, 特性)San optimization model, an optimal solution/ management schemeSpore, void, interstice, opening, apertureSShanghai proper (上海地区)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sin relation to/ in connection with/ in associ

44、ation with/ in conjunction with, associated with/ related to Sreview, reviewer, peer-review (同行评审)Ssalinity, total dissolved solids (TDS)Sdrying season, raining seasonSspring, geyser (间歇泉), fountain; hot spring, spa (温泉); sinter (泉华); tufa, travertine (钙华); springs outlet/vent (泉口)China University o

45、f Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Swater level, water table, hydraulic head, piezometric head, potentiometric surfaceSupstream; downstream; headwaterSupper reaches/stretch/course (上游); middle reaches/stretch/course (中游); lower reaches/stretch/course

46、(下游)Sin the year 2000; in 2000China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)SCountable or uncountable:1.) Many young people like to study new knowledge.2.) The second reason is that our work is becoming more difficult.3.) Private cars occupy mo

47、re room and cause traffic jams.(knowledge, information，progress，traffic，news，advice，furniture，luggage，hair)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)SDont misuse the suffix s:1.) According to the survey of some agencies, young people now ha

48、ve lost many traditional values.2.) The authorities of Beijing should take more effective measures to reduce traffic jams.3.) Our government should spend some money in training professional people. (the authorities concerned（有关当局），surroundings（环境），goods（货物），arms（武器），clothes（衣服）)(people, public，staff

49、，majority，minority)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)SDont miss the suffix s:1.) The IT industry has been developing fast in the last 3 decades.2.) In the modern society, people are classified by all kinds of standards.3.) Young peo

50、ple usually take care of their parents at home. China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)A follow-up exerciseSPlease change the following nouns into plural forms. a) bay b) fly c) employee d) oneselfe) phenomenon China University of Geosci

51、ences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Key to the exerciseSa.) bays; b.) flies; c.) employees; d.) themselves; e.) phenomenaChina University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)3、形容词、形容词Salluvial 冲积的Salluvial fan 冲

52、积扇Sfluvial 河积的Slacustrine 湖积的Sglacial 冰积的Scontinental 陆相的Smarine 海相的Sdelta 三角洲China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)S consistent (be with)S diurnal, daily, monthly, seasonal, annualS domestic, abroadS easterly, eastern, southerly, south

53、ernS ephemeral, temporal, flash; permanent, perennialS extensive (广泛的), intensive (集中的)S be as high as(高达)S identical (be identical/ equal/ similar/ close to)S interbedded, interlayered (互层的), interfingering (交错的), intercalary (夹层的), intercalation (夹层)China University of Geosciences School of Water

54、Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sintermittent (间歇的)Smain, chief, major, primary, principal, predominant, dominant, prominent, essential, premier (主要的, 首要的)Smoderate (中等的,适度的)Smiddle/ intermediate/ medial/ median/ medium (中间的, 中部的)China University of Geosciences School of Water

55、Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Smore and more, Smore or less, Sthe more, the moreSmore oftenSmuch more,Sno more/ no longerSany more/ any longerSnot.any more/longerSonce moreSor more/ less/ so (或以上/或以下/左右)China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and Environment

56、Dr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sothers, those, thatSprevailing, popularSpotable (portable mineral water), portable (a portable computer)Ssignificant, substantial, appreciable, remarkable, markedly, marked, striking (重要的，显著的) Ssimultaneous (同时的), spontaneous (自然产生的), instantaneous (瞬间的)SsophisticatedCh

57、ina University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sto be related to, be associated withSuniform (homogenous, heterogenous)Sbig/ largeShuge/ vast/ giant/ gigantic/ titanic/ colossal/ enormous/ immense/ massive/ mightySsmall/ littleStiny/ miniature/ Si

58、nteresting/ fascinatingSclear/ apparent/ obvious/ evident (明显的)Sunfortunate/ fortunately China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)4、副、副 词词Sapproximately, about, around, roughlyScritically (中肯地, 批判地)Sfurthermore, besides, in addition, addit

59、ionally; exceptSnamelySnormally, formally, usually, commonly, generally, invariably Snearly, almost, virtuallyChina University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Showever, nevertheless, whatever; but, although, in spite of名词Shence, therefore, thus, a

60、ccordingly, consequentlySsubsequently, then, later onSbecause, since, asSstrongly, moderately, slightly, weakly, poorlySslowly, quickly, gentlySfortunately, unfortunately, China University of Geosciences School of Water Resources and EnvironmentDr. Huaming GUO (郭华明郭华明 博士博士)Sabove (above sea level; a