【精品】托福120难句+分析

1、1.totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the earth's surface, the deep cean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.（定语后置in some ways）山于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表血大数ri倍的极大压力，深海底部对人类而言是一

2、个充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。分句 1: totally without light and subjected to intense pressures分句 2： hundreds of times greater than at the earth's surface分句 3： the deepocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans分句 4： in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space分句2修饰分句1结尾的範语int

3、ense pressures,分句1是分句3的原因状语分句3是整个长句子的主句分句4是分句3的后登定语，修饰分句3的a hostile environment to humans整个句子结构是：原因状语+主句+后置定语这是主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分，但是本句其实不是复合句。句子的核心意思是 深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的坏境。z.basic to any understanding of canada in the 20 years after the second world war is the country's impressive population growth

4、.（倒装结构 basic to any understanding.is.）要理解二战之后20年屮的加拿人，就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。句 1: basic to any understanding of canada in the 20 years after the second world war 分句2： is 分旬 3： the country*s impressive population growth 分句1,2, 3共同构成倒装句，正常的语序应该是3, 2, 1,即：该句的正常'语序是the country's impressive population gr

5、owth is basic to any understanding of canada in the 20 years after the second world war.木句是一个简单句，只不过使用了倒装，谓语动词是is.3as a result, claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely publicized and fo

6、rm the basis for folklore.（同位语从句claims that.）结果，那些认为只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康的观点广为人知，并成为一些民间 说法的基础。句 1: that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health分句 2： claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore分

7、句2恢套分句1,分句1作为分句2主语的同位语从句恢套在分句2中。因此本句的主句 是 claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore.那些观点广为人知，并 成为一些民间说法的茶础。同位语从句是that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health： 只食用绿色食品就能 防治疾病或增进健康4.there are

8、 numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones, that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs, that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like.（并列同位语从句 reports that., that., that.）关于天然维生素优于人造维生素，受楮蛋比未受楮蛋的营养价值更高，未经熏蒸消毒

9、处理的 谷物比经过处理的好等等报道屡见不鲜，但都没冇得到证实。分句 1: there are numerous unsubstantiated reports分句 2： natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones刁彳u 3： that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs分句 4： that untreated grains arc better than fumigated grains and the like分句1是整个长句的主句，分句2、分句3和

10、分句4是并列关系，共同构成分句1的同位语 从句。本句的意思是有很多没有经过证实的报道，然后并列了三个未经过证实的报道的从句。5 the desperate plight of the south has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the north, though less spectacularly（同位语从句fact that.）南方极为严重的闲境使北方同样需要开始重建（尽管不像南方那么引人注目）这一事实显得 不太重要。分句 1. the desperate plight of th

11、e south has eclipsed the fact分句 2 reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the north分句 3.though less spectacularly （省略）1和2嵌套1和3并列6 the new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban spr

12、awl.（宾语从句 what we now know as）现在可以获得这些环绕儿乎每个大城市边缘地区的土地，这一可能性激发了一场房地产开发 的热潮并造成了我们现在称为城区无计划扩展的现彖。分句 1: the new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled分句 2： what we now know as urban sprawl分句1嵌套分句2,即分句1是主句，分句2是宾语从句

13、，主句结构经过楮简应该是the new accessibility of land sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled urban sprawl o 木句的理解困难还来自于抽象词fuel,它作为名词的含义广为人知，是能源、燃料，作为动 词的时候的意思就可以引申为促使、造成。7. but these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant

14、ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.(of 结构作泄语：of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs)但这些因素并不能解释这个有趣的问题：为何在一个特定的地点会如此集中地出现即将临产 的怀孕鱼龙群。分句 1: but these factors do not account for the interesting question句 2： of how there came to be

15、such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth 分句1嵌套分句2.分句2是of结构作后置定语修饰说明question的内容。8. amid rumors that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around the unknown region and that somewhere in its wilds was a mountain of rock salt 80 by

16、 45 miles in extent, the two captains set out.(同位语从句rumors that.)当时有一些传言，说有史前的猛狛在这一陌生的区域活动，|仏几在这一区域的某个地方有一 朋巨人的盐石山，其面积达8()英里长5()英里宽。就在这些传言中，两位上尉出发了。分句 1: amid rumors分句 2： that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around the unknown region分句 3： and that somewhere in its wilds was a mountain of r

17、ock salt 80 by 45 miles in extent 分句 4： the two captains set out分句1和分句4构成倒装，正常的语序应该是分句4+分句1,即the two captains set out amid rumors。分句1嵌套分句2和分句3,分句2和分句3是修饰分句1的rumors的同位语从句， 用来说明谣言的具体内容。分句2和分句3构成并列关系。9 in the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief instrument

18、s of the keyboard group, a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century(同位语 a supremacy)17世纪时风琴、敲弦琴和拨弦琴成为键盘乐器类的主耍成员，这种至高无上的地位一直由 它们保持，宜到18世纪末被钢琴所取代。分句 1: in the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief instr

19、uments of the keyboard group,分句 2： a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenthcentury分句2是分句1的同位语从句，用来修饰说明分句1中的the chief instruments of the keyboardgroup 1(). a series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the in

20、troduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a shar

21、p, percussive brilliance.(介词结构from.io作定语)持续到19世纪的一-系列机械上的改进，包括引入踏板以维持音调或使其柔和，改善金属框 架，以及使用最佳牲能的钢丝，最终产生了一种具备无数音调效果的乐器这些效果涵盖 了从最精致的和声到几乎全部的管弦乐咅响，从明快流畅的吟唱咅调到尖锐的打击乐器的恢 弘气氛。分句 1: a series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century 分句 2： including the introduction of pedals to s

22、ustain tone or to soften it 分句 3： the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality 分句 4： finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects"iij 5： from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound,句 6： from a liquid, singing tone to a sha

23、rp, percussive brilliance本句的真正的主句结构其实是山分句1和分句4构成，即a series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects,分句2和分句3并列修饰说明分句1中的a series of mechanical improvements,而 分句5和分句6并列，修饰说明了分句4屮的an instrument capable of myriad

24、 tonal effects11. the largest later named pueblo bonito(pretty town)by the spanish, rose in five terraced stories, contained more than 800 rooms, and could have housed a population of 1, 000 or more. 最人的一朋示来被两班牙人称为pueblo bonito(美丽的城镇)，是一个五层梯式楼，有&)()多 间房子，能够容纳1 000人以上。分旬 1: the largest rose in fi

25、ve terraced stories, contained more than 800 rooms, and could have housed a population of 1, 000 or more分句 2： later named pueblo bonito(pretty town)by the spanish分句1嵌套分句2,分句2用来修饰分句1的主语the largest,分句1内部是由三个并列的谓 语构成的句子。12 - accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”

26、, the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent-(f到装 accustomed though wc arc.=though wc arc accustomed.)虽然我们习惯于将1927年以前的电影叫做“无声电影”，但是就“无声''这个词的完整意义i： 说，电影从未真正的无声过。句 1: accustomed though we arc to speaking of the films made before 1927 as "silent" 分旬 2： the film ha

27、s never been silent 分句 3： in the full sense of the word本句的难点是在分句1内部有一个倒装，正常的语序应该是though we are accustomed to speaking of the films made before 1927 as silent.分句 3 是一个插入语，嵌套在分句 2 中,所以 木句的真正强调的核心是the film has never been silent13.for a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested

28、 entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra, and very often the principal qualification far holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces.（特殊结构not.so much as.打其说不如说）在好些年内，为各部影片选择配乐的权力完全掌握在乐队指挥或队长手中，而通常扌口任这

29、种 职位的资格与具说是技巧或鉴赏品位，不如说是个人拥有音乐作品的丰富收藏。句 1: .for a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra分句 2： and very often the principal qualification far holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the own

30、ership of a large personal library of musical pieces分句1和分句2构成并列关系，分句2的难点在于notso much as的结构。14 coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to th

31、e health of the earth and human well-being.（f到装 coincident with concerns.has been.二.has been coincident with concerns.）在对物种和动物栖息地加速消失表示关注的同时，人们也越來越认识到牛物多样化，即一个 特定生态系统中物种的数量对地球的健康以及人类幸福的重姿性。分句 1: coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciat

32、ion of the importance of biological diversity分句 2： the number of species in a particular ecosystem分句 3： to the health of the earth and human well-being分句 1 内部构成倒装，正常语序应该是 concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been coincident with a growing appreciation of the importance of

33、 biological diversity to the health of the earth and human well-being所以真匸的主句经过精简z后是 concerns has been coincident with a growing appreciation 分句2是一个插入语，用来解释说明分句1结尾的biological diversity15.the fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem surprisi

34、ng, considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species. （同位语从句 fact that.；定语从句 that comprise the bulk）考虑到组成大部分物种的昆虫的巨大数量，认为半数的已知物种栖息在世界的雨林屮这一事 实看起來并不令人吃惊。分句 1: the fact docs not seem surprising分旬 2： that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain

35、 forests分句 3： considering the huge numbers of insects分句 4： that comprise the bulk of the species分句1嵌套分句2,分句2解释说明分句1的主语the fact,是同位语从句,分句3作为分句1 的原因状语，分句4是定语从旬，修饰分句3的the huge numbers of insectsi6.t0 appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small.（特殊结构it helps

36、to.做有帮助）要充分认识海洋生命的多样性和丰富性，从小的角度思考有帮助。|1 白勺状语： to appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, 主句：it helps to think small.（这里的it是形式主语，没冇实际意义）1 7.science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pil

37、e of bricks can be called a house（特殊结构not any more than像一样不）科学建立在事实上，就像房子用砖砌成一样。但收集的事实不能被叫做科学，就像一堆砖不 能被称为房了一样。分旬 1 science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks,分句 2. but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house.1和2是并列分句（转

38、折关系）18.the variation between the hemispheres corresponds to which side of the body is used to perform specific activities-（从句 which side.is used.作 corresponds to 的宾语两个半球z间的不同与身体的哪一部分用于进行特定的活动是对应的。分句 1 the variation between the hemispheres corresponds to分句 2. which side of the body is used to perform

39、 specific activities.1和2是嵌套1是主句，2做主句的宾语19.in a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as john barth, donald barthclmc, and thomas pynchon, joyce carol oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence od the essentially mime

40、tic quality of her fiction.（特殊结构characterized by.以为特征）尽管处于一个以抛弃大虽现实主义传统（以作家约翰巴思、唐纳德巴塞尔姆和托马斯品钦 为代表）为特征的时代，乔伊斯卡罗尔欧茨因为坚持白己小说本质上模仿的特点，有时候看 起來是一个坚定的守旧派。1 characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as john barth, donald barthclmc, and thomas pynchon,分句 2. joyce

41、carol oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence od the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction.分句1做时间状语tn a period”的后置定语，补充修饰period,和当于省略了 “which was” 的定语从句分句2是主句20. if it were not for this faculty t they would devour all the food available in short time and would pro

42、bably starve themselves out of existence.（虚拟语气）如果不是具有这种能力，它们就会在短吋间内吞掉所有能得到的食物，而且很可能会因饿死 而灭绝。分句 1 if it were not for this faculty句 2. they would devour all the food available in short time分旬 3 would probably starve themselves out of existence分句1是虚拟句的条件从句分句2、3是并列，主句21 individualism is weakly developed

43、 in folk cultures, as are social classes.（倒装 as are social classes） 5个人主义和社会阶层在民间文化群体屮的发展十分薄弱。分句 1 individualism is weakly developed in folk cultures分句2. as are social classes1和2并列，2采用倒装语序，as表示“也，和一样”22 people in the united states in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecede

44、nted change in the nation economy would bring social chaos-（同位语从彳'j prospect that.）19世纪的美国人因为害怕国家经济中史无前例的变化会带来社会混乱这一前景而提心吊 胆。分句 1. people in the united states in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect句 2. unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos.1和2嵌

45、套，1是主句，2具体解释说明prospect23. accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nation labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits.(侄9装 accompanying that growth was a structural change that.

46、= a structural changewas accompanying that growth)伴随着这一增长的是一个结构变化，它以经济的不断多样化和国家劳动力从农业到制造业和 其他非农业职业的逐渐转化为特征。分句 1. accompanying that growth was a structural change句 2. featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nation's labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and

47、 other nonagricultural pursuits1和2是嵌套分旬1是主句，且采用完全倒装的形式分句2是定语从句，修饰change.这个定语从句结构较复朵，由2个and连接三个并列的 名词性成分24. as the roles men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home.(倒装 so did.)随着男人和女人在社会中扮演的角色被限定得更加严格，他们在家中的角色也是如此。分句 i the roles became more r

48、igidly defined分句 2. men and women played in society分句 3. so did the roles分句 4. they played in the home.1和2嵌套，3和4嵌套1和3并列2和4分别作为定语从句修饰roles3是由so引导的部分倒装句25.surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals, sometimes easily recognizable as such, often distorted into gorgeous, weird, but always f

49、unctional shapes.(倒装 surrounding the column arc.)围绕着蕊柱的是三个萼片和三个花瓣，有吋很容易辨认出来，但经常被扭成华丽、 奇特但总是有用的形状。句 1 surrounding the column arc three sepals and three petals 分旬 2. sometimes easily recognizable as such, often distorted into gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes.1是主句，采用完全倒装26. with the growin

50、g prosperity brought on by the second world war and the economic boom that followed it, young people married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the depression （倒装than had their predecessors比较结构的笫二部分）随着二战带来的持续繁荣以及随之而来的经济增长，年轻人比人萧条屮

51、的同龄人结婚成家更 早，而且养育的家庭比他们的前辈更大。分旬 1 the growing prosperity brought on by the second world war分句 2. the economic boom that followed it分句 3. young people married and established households earlier句 4. began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the depression.1和2并列，3和4并列1和2是伴随状语3和4是

52、主句27. the railroad could be and was a despoiler of nature； furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise, it might be a despoiler of human nature as well.（关联结构 could be and was）铁路可以，事实上也是自然的掠夺者；而且，在其速度和噪音的表现上也可能是人性的掠夺 者。分句 1. the railroad could be and was a despoiler of nature分句 2. it might b

53、e a despoiler of human nature as well.1和2是并列（由分号连接的两个并列分句）28. in the railroads* prime years, between 1 890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the united states, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading-works offering the am

54、bience of stationst yards, and locomotive cabs. （同位语 most of them； 定语从句 who made a profession of writing）在1890年到1920年间铁路的黄金时期，美国冇儿个人（他们大多冇丰富的恢路经验）以写铁 路题材为职业作品围绕车站、停车场和机车。分句 i there were a few individuals in the united states"iij 2. most of them with solid railroading experience behind them句 3 w

55、ho made a profession of writing about railroading分句 4. works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs.1是主句2和3是嵌套2作为1 'pa few individuals的同位语,对它进一步解释说明29. on the other hand, when it comes to substantive-particularly behavioral-information, crows are less well known than many

56、comparably common species and, for that matter, not a few quite uncommon ones： the endangered california condor, to cite one obvious example.（特殊结构 for that matter）另一方面，当涉及实质性的，特别是行为方面的信息时，乌鸦就不如许多比较而言很普通的 鸟类那样为人所知；而且，也不如许多很不寻常'的鸟类，举一个明显的例子，如像濒危的加 利福尼亚人秃鷲那样为人所知。分句 1 when it comes to substantive-pa

57、rticularly behavioral-information分旬 2. crows are less well known than many comparably common species and, for that mattert not a few quite uncommon ones： the endangered california condor, to cite one obvious example.1和2是并列，分句1是时间状语，2是主句，其中包含插入语结构以及冒号连接的解释 说明的成分30. keen observers and quick learnerst

58、they are astute about the intentions of other creatures, including researchers and adept at avoiding them.（并列 同位语 keen observers and quick learners）乌鸦是敏锐的观察家和快捷的学习者，它们对其他生物（包括研究人员）的意图感觉非常敏 锐，并且善于躲开它们。刁彳u 1. they are astute about the intentions of other creatures, including researchers 分句 2. and adept at avoiding them.i和2是并列31 these researchers have sought to demonstrate that their work can be a valuable tool not only of scien