(完整word版)高中英语被动语态讲解及习题

1、被动语态被动语态的构成被动语态由 “助动词 be及物动词的过去分词 ”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是 通过 be的变化表现出来的。 现以 teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时： am is are taught 一般过去时： waswere taught 一般将来时： will shall be taught 现在进行时： am isare beingtaught 过去进行时： have has beentaught 现在完成时： have has beentaught注意：区分被动语态与 “be过+ 去分词 ”结构 be+过去分词 ”并不一定都是被动语态，有时是系表结构。

2、被动语态 ,动作的 对象是主语；当 “b e+过去分词 ”表示主语所处的状态时为系表结构， be是连系动 词。 be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：1, 如果强调动作或句中有介词 by 引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动 语态。The glass is broken.系（ 表结构 ）The glass was broken by the boy.被 （ 动语态 ）2 ，如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态The magazine is published in Shangha。i. （ 被动语态 ） The door is locked. （系表结构 ）The

3、door has already/just been locked.被 （ 动语态 ）The shop is opened. 系（ 表结构 ）The shop is opened at 8 a.m. everyday被. （ 动语态 ）3 ，被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外，还可以用于其他各种时态， 而系表结构中的系动词 be 只有一般时态和完成时态。三、被动语态的用法1 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 Some new computers were stolen last night. This book was published in 1981.2 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动

4、作的执行者。This book was written by him.Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.四、主动语态变被动语态的方法1 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2 把谓语变成被动结构 （be过去分词 ） ，根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称 和数，以及原来主 动语态句子中动词的时态来决定 be 的形式。3 把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。 All the people laughed at him.= He was laughed at by all people.They make the

5、bikes in the factory.= The bikes are made bythemin the factory.五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由 “情态动词 be过去分词 ”构成，原 来带 to 的情态动词变成被动语态后 “to仍”要保留。We can repair this watch in two days. = This watch can be repaired in two days.You ought to take it away. = It ought to be taken away.They should do it at onc

6、e. = It should be done at once选择填空1. In some countries , tea with milk and sugar.A. is servingB. is served C. serves D. served2. Great changes in my hometown since 1980.A. have been taken placeB. took placeC. have taken placeD. were taken place3. The new type of car is going to in three years.A. tur

7、n out B. be turned outC. has turned out D. have been turned out4. The woman murdered her friend and to .B. sentencing , dieD. sentenced , dieA. was sentenced , death C. sentenced , death5. Do you like the skirt ? It soft.D. is felt forA. is feeling B. felt C. feels6. Are you still here ? You were he

8、re an hour ago . WhoA. are you waitingB. did you waitC. were you waiting D. do you wait7. to know Professor Zhang.A. He said B. I said C. He is said D. It says8. I want to sit at the table near the window.Sorry , already.A. it tookB. it takes C. it is takingD. it has been taken9. The letter three da

9、ys ago and it yesterday.A. had post , had arrivedB. was posted , arrivedC. posted , arrivedD. had been posted , was arrived10. He told me that the final examination next Thursday.A. is givenB. will be givenC. would have given D. would be given. Correct these sentences.改 （ 正下列句子 ）1. This house built

10、100 years ago.2. Football plays in most countries of the world. 3. Why did the letter send to the wrong address? 4. A garage is a place where cars repair. 5. Where are you born? 6. How many languages are speaking in Switzerland? 7. Somebody broke into our house but nothing stolen. 8. When was invent

11、ed the bicycle? 四. 填空 （完成被动语态填空 ）1. They often clean their classroom after school.改 （ 为被动语态 ） Their classroom often by them after school.2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week. 同（ 上） A new pen Tom last week.3. A lot of people in China can speak English now. 同（ 上 ） English by a lot of people in China

12、 now.4. I have learned English for about two years. 同（ 上 ） English for about two years.5. They will publish these story-books next month. （同上 ） These story-books next month.1. What we say here will not be long remembered. 我们在这里所讲的话，人们不会长久地记住。2. We both believe that through vigilance and strength, in

13、 your words, a war can be postponed, and in our words, war can be avoided. 我们都认为，有了警惕和实力，用你们的话来说，可以推迟战争；用我们的话来说，可以 避免战争。3， We are brought freedom and happiness by socialism. 社会主义给我们带来了自由和幸福。4,. Products of the factory are well received by the wide customers. 该厂的产品受到广大顾客的欢迎。5. He was dismissed for be

14、ing too lazy. 他太懒了，结果给 /被开除了。6. The lecture is considered very important for beginners. 大家认为这个讲座对初学者来说很重要。7. The new building having been installed, my work there was done. 新的房子建好后，我的任务也就完成了。8， In other words mineral substances which are found on earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, art

15、ificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us. 换言之 , 矿物就是存在于地球上 , 但须经过挖掘、钻孔、人工爆破或类似作业才能获得的物 质。9. Nuclear power 's danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.核能对健康、安全 , 甚至对生命本身构成的危险可以用一个词辐射来概括。10. It could be argued that the

16、radio performs this service as well, but on television everything is much more living, much more real.可能有人会指出 , 无线电广播同样也能做到这一点 , 但还是电视屏幕上的节目要生动、 真 实得多。倒装句练习翻译1.它不仅给了我们接近大自然的机会 , 而且能让我们在学习之余得到放松2. 我从没对别人的帮助感到如此感激过。3. 尽管我是位学生 ,我积累了大量的经验。4，只有当政府与公民携手 ,我们才希望能保护好我们的环境。5.我当时要是你 ,我会控制好情绪 ,学会倾听。6. 这场舞会将会异常精

17、彩 , 我希望你不要错过。7. 我一到家就开始怀念我在美国的生活。8. 【书信】直到我参加工作 ,我才意识到高中应该多练习口语。选择1. and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumpedC. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat2. and the lesson began.A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in cameC. In came heD. came in Mr Brown3.Over , dead.A. rolling the goat

18、 B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled4. Where is my shirt, mum? .A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it5. Where is your father? Oh, .A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he6. The door opened and there .A. enters an old manB. ente

19、red an old manC. did an old man enter D. an old man entered7. Now your turn to recite the text.A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is 8.Often them not to smoke here.A. we advised B. advised me C. did we advise D. had we advised9. playing soldiers.A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the

20、 room two boysC. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys10. On the wall two large portraits.A. are hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs11. who was wounded in the stomach.A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldierC. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldie

21、r12. Next door to ours , who is no less than eighty.A. that lives an old man B. does an old man liveC. lives an old manD. where lives an old man13.She plays the piano very well, .A. so every one of us doesB. every one of us doesC. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us 14.You say he works

22、hard, , and .A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do youC. so does he; so do youD. so does he; so you do15. I thought you women were present at the meeting. .A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we16.I don' tthink Jack will come today, .A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesn'

23、 t C. Mary will either D. or Mary does17. She is fond of cooking, I .A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do18. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language .A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with EnglesC. So was Engles D. So did Engles19. A fish needs water and without water i

24、t will die.A. So does a manB. So will a manC. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man20. So absorbed _the work that she often forgot to _ her meals.A. had she been in; do B. she was in; makeC. was she in; takeD. she had been in have21.So loudly that every one of the class could hear him.A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke22. his appearance that no one could recognize him.A. Strange so was B. So strange was C. Was so strange D. So was strange23. Not once their plan.A. did they change B. they changed C. changed theyD. they did cha