状语从句讲义无答案

1、状语从句一. 定义：在复合句中充当状语的从句，叫状语从句，又叫副词性从句。二. 分类1. 时间状语从句 when:引导的状语从句的动词既可以为延续性动词，也可以为非延续性动词。while :与延续性动词连用。as :一边,;随着。-Did Jack come back early last night?-Yes. It was not yet eight o 'lock when he arrived home.When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sun days.-I am going to the post off

2、ice.-While you 're there, can you get me some stamps?As time goes by, it s'getting warmer and warmer.注：when还可译为"突然，就在这时”。注意时态：had just donewhen刚做完，这时be doing when 正在做，这时be about to dowhen 正要做,这时be on the point of doing when 正要做 ，这时He was about halfway through his meal whe n a familiar v

3、oice came to his ears.I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel whe n I heard the steps.We were swimmi ng in the lake whe n sudde nly the storm started.Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park when she was bitten on the leg by a lion. as soon a

4、s, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the second, the in sta nt, no soon er tha n ,hardly/scarcely whe n ，once（有时侧重 "一旦”含义 ） -Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes, I gave it to her the mome nt I saw her.Once environmen tal damage is don e, it takes ma

5、ny years for the ecosystem to recover. Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.（注意时态、倒装、翻译） until引导时间状语从句a. 如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，那么这个主句需用肯定式，表示动作一致持续到until所表示的时间为止。b. 如果从句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，女口go, come, leave, finish等，那么这个主句常用否定式，表示某一动作到until所表示的时间才发生，构成notuntil译为"直到才”。c. 从句表示的动作如果还没发生，习惯上也要用一

6、般现在时而不用一般将来时。d. 在n otu ntil句型结构中，可以把 notun til提到句首，句子用倒装语序。e. notuntil句型的强调句式为It is/was not untilthat。f. 以上结构中的until可用作介词，引导时间状语。He didn 'know about it until I told him.Not un til I told him did he know about it.It was not un til I told him that he knew about it.You may stay here until/till the

7、rain stops.Un til you told me I had no idea of it.-Was his father very strict with him whe n he was at school?-Yes. He has n ever praised him un til he became one of the top stude nts in his grade.We were told that we should follow the main road until we reached the central railway statio n.Simon th

8、ought his computer was broken until his little brother pointed out that he had forgotte n to turn it on.You can 'have this football back un til you promise not to kick it at my cat aga in. ” the old man said firmly.It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did

9、I have any idea of it.注意：在时间状语从句中，往往一般现在时表将来。When you get there, ring me up. before句式：It will be +段时间+before+ 一般现在时It was +段时间+before+ 一般过去时He made a mistake, but the n he corrected the situati on before it got worse.-How long do you think it will be before China sends a manned spaceship to the moon

10、? -Perhaps two or three years.It won 'be long before we meet again.注意：before可翻译为“才”，“就”，“尚未，还没有，来不及”等。It will be five years before we meet aga in.I had n'waited long before he came.My father died before I was born. since句式：It is/has been +段时间+si nce+ 般过去时It is almost five years si nce we saw

11、 each other last time.since还可做副词，主句仍用完成时。I graduated from that school 10 years ago. I haven 'been there ever since. every time, each time, next time, the first/second/last time, any time, all the time 等名 词短语构成的连词。“每当，每次，下次”等。Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.The last time sh

12、e saw James, he was lying in bed.You are welcome to come back any time you want to.2. 地点状语从句After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre.Where there is a will, there is a way.You can go anywhere you like.注意与 where 引导的定语从句的区别。Just stay where you are.Just stay in

13、 the place where you are.3. 原因状语从句 because 表直接因果关系，不用于句首，能回答 why; as 语气较弱，不能回答 why; since = now that “既然 ”;for 并列连词，不用于句首，只是为主句所说的话，提供推断的 理由或加以解释。例如：-Did you return Fred 's call?-I didn 't need to because I'll see him tomorrow.Since it is a decision that affects the whole family, your pa

14、rents should take an active part and help you find out what is best for you.Now that you 've got the chance, you might as well make full use of it.The day breaks for the birds are singing. when 引导原因状语从句， “既然”。How can you expect to learn anything when you never listen?4. 目的状语从句 in order that，（主句之

15、前之后皆可）so that （主句之后）译为 以便，为了”另外注意在目的状语从句中常含与情态动词 may/might/will/would/shall/should/can/could 等连用。 In order that we might see the sunshine， we started for the peak early.I 'll speak slowly so that you can understand me. in case, for fear （that） “以防,万一”Take your raincoat in case it should rain.Man

16、y companies don 'twant to raise their price for fear that they may lose market share.4. 结果状语从句so that, sothat,such that, suchthat.I harried to the airport so that I arrived in time for my flight.His plan was such a good one that we all agreed to accept it.注意： so 和 such 的区别so big an egg=such a bi

17、g eggso many/few books, so much/little（ 少 ） moneysuch fine weather （不可数）such beautiful flowers （可数复数）注意： such little cats 其中 little 译为“小的”注意： so 或 such 置于句首，主句部分倒装（ so 引导的部分倒， that 部分不倒） 。So clever a student was he/Such a clever student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.

18、5. 条件状语从句if, unless（=if not除非，如果不）,so/as long as（只要）,on condition that（在条件下）,suppose/supposing that（假设，如果 ）,provided/providing that（女口果）Suppose/Supposing （that） they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?In time of serious accidents, if we know some basic things about first aid, we can save li

19、ves. Unless you 've tried it, you can 'timagine how pleasant it is.-Do you have a minute?-Ok, so long as you make it short.The WTO can not live up to its name if it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.6. 方式状语从句as, as if, as though, 其中 as if=as though （好像，似乎）若从句中的情

20、况与事实相反，用虚 拟语气，若发生的可能性较大，则用真实语气。Do as you are told to, or you 'llbe fired.The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.I feel as if I have a fever.7. 让步状语从句 as “尽管，虽然”，引导的从句必须倒装，提前形容词/副词/名词不带冠词/实义动词。though “尽管，虽然”可倒可不倒although/while “尽管，虽然”不倒Young as the girl is, she can recite a great m

21、any poems.Much as I like it, I won 'tbuy it, for it 's too expensive.Hard as he might try, he couldn 'tfind a job.Child as he is, he knows a lot.Try as he might, he could not find a job.While/Although/Though most of the earth's surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare an

22、d precious. even if=even though “即使，尽管” 。The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor activities, even if they have the interest. whether（）or not禾口 whetheror “不论 还是 ”Anyway, it 's a good story, whether or not it's true.-Dad, I've finished my assignment.- Good, and wheth

23、er you play or watch TV, you mustn 'tdisturb me.Sports will be of great value to people, whether they are men or women, old or young.8. 比较状语从句A.as（肯否” so （否）+形容词/副词原级 + as + B（比较对象）倍数句型： A is 3 times as big as B A is 2 times bigger than B A is 3 times the size/the length/ the width of B Asia is

24、four times as large as Europe. The size of Asia is four times that of Europe. Asia is four times the size of Europe. Asia is three times larger than Europe. Our total income of 1994 was double that of 1992. The production now is three times what it was ten years ago. 三 状语从句的省略。省略的前提：主从句主语一致 省略关键：省略从

25、句中的主语和be (一起省略)Don'tspeak until (you are) spoken to.While (I was) in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.Generally speaking, when taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. 注意： Come tomorrow if (it is) possible.I'll buy a TV set if (it is) necessary. 注意：当主句主语与从句

26、主语不一致时，不能用省略结构。 误： Hearing the news, tears came into his eyes. 误： When he heard the news, tears came into his eyes. 正： Hearing the news, he burst into tears.状语从句高考题1. How long has this bookshop been in business? 1982.A. After B. In C. From D. Since2. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill,

27、especially Fatherwas away in France.A. as B. that C. during D. if3. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, great itis.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever4. After the war, a new school building was put up there had once been atheatre.A. that B. where C. which D. when5. I am

28、going to the post office. you' re there, can you get me some stamps?A. As B. While C. Because D. If6. You should make it a rule to leave things you can find them again.A. whenB. whereC. thenD. there7. you ' ve got the chance, you might as well make fsuell ouf it.A. Now thatB. AfterC. Althoug

29、hD. As soon as8. We ' ll have to finish the job, .A. long it takes however B. it takes however longC. long however it takesD. however long it takes9. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up Icould answer the phone.A. as B. since C. until D. before10. The WTO cannot live

30、 up to its name it does not include a countrythat is home to one fifth of mankind.A. as long asB. whileC. ifD. even though11. The men will have to wait all day the doctor works faster.A. ifB. unlessC. whetherD. that12. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes, I gave it to her I saw

31、 her.A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once13. Americans eat vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A. more than twice B. as twice as manyC. twice as many asD. more than twice as many14. How far apart do they live? I know, they live in the same neighborhood.A. As long asB. As well asCAs

32、 far asD. As often as15. A good storytellermust be able toholdhis listenerscu'riosity _ hereaches the end of the story.A. whenB. unlessCafterD. until16. Generally speaking, according to the directions, the drug has no sideeffect.A. when takingB. when takenC. when to take D. when to be taken17. D

33、ad, I 've finished my assignment. Good, and you play or watch TV, you mustn't disturb me.A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter18. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He has never praised him he became one of the top students in hisgrade.A. after B. unless C. until D. when19. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation it got wo