选修7Module4知识点

1、选修7Module41. sophisticated adj.1) 见多识广的；老练的；见过世面的Mike is a smart and sophisticated young man.2) 复杂巧妙的；先进的；精密的Medical techniques are becoming more sophisticated all the time.2. rhythmic adj.有节奏（或规律）的，节奏分明的Do the exercise with slow rhythmic movements.3. no longer不再He no longer works here.= He doesnt w

2、ork here any longer.辨析：no longer与no more词组辨析例句no longer（时间上）不再延续，在句中作状语No longer are they staying with us.no more(数量和程度上)不再增加，在句中可作多种成分He still smokes, but he drinks no more.4. separate vt.&adj.1) vt.（使）分开；分离；分割；划分It is impossible to separate belief from emotion.2) adj.单独的；独立的；分开的The children sl

3、eep in separate beds.辨析：单词辨析例句separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的事物“分离”开来，也可指“离别”，常与介词from连用This village is separate from that one by a river.divide指把整体“分成”若干份，后接in, into, among等介词The teacher divided the class into four groups.Please divide this apple in half/ into halves.5. including 包含，包括在内，后接名词、代词或动名词Thirty peo

4、ple, including six children, went to visit the factory.=Thirty people, six children included, went to visit the factory.辨析：include, contain与hold单词辨析例句include指包括属于整体的部分The book includes two chapters on the grammar.contain指包含在内或含有几种成分及部分It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.hold有的容量This

5、 theatre can hold one thousand persons.6. consist of包含，包括His job consists of helping old people who live alone.A week consists of seven days.be made up of由组成be composed ofconsist of辨析：consist of与make up单词辨析例句consist of由组成，含有被动意义The house consists of four rooms.make up组成，构成，表达主动意义We need two more per

6、sons to make up our team.7. movement n.1)（具有共同思想或目标的）运动the womens movementthe Romantic movement2)(身体部位的)转动，活动She observed the gentle movement of his chest as he breathed.3)(尤指某一工作的)进步，进展It needs cooperation from all the countries to get any movement in arms control.辨析：movement, motion与campaign单词辨析例句

7、movement一般指具体的动作或政治运动The police are watching this mans movement very carefully.motion主要指抽象的或科学上所讲的运动，与静止相对He lost the power of motion.campaign尤指政治性的运动或商业性的宣传活动The company planned to start an advertising campaign.8. dance to随着跳舞Some of them are dancing to the music.9. technique n.1) 技巧；技艺；工艺The artis

8、t combined different techiques in the same painting.2) 技术；技能Her technique has improved a lot over the past season.辨析：technique与technology单词辨析举例technique常指某种具体的技术、技艺the technique of automationtechnology“技术、工艺”在学术理论上的总称science and technologytechnical adj.技术的，技能的；技巧的 technician n.技师，技术员technologist n.技

9、术专家；工艺师 technological adj.技术的，科技的10. side by side1) 并排，并肩地There were two children ahead, walking side by side.2) 并行不悖，相安无事We have been using both systems, side by side, for two years.arm in arm臂挽臂 shoulder to shoulder肩并肩hand in hand手拉手 drop by drop一滴滴step by step一步步 face to face面对面one by one一个接一个 ye

10、ar after year年年back to back背对背；连续，紧接11. improvise v.即兴演奏，即兴表演，即兴而作If an actor forgets his words, he sometimes improvises.He improvised a bedtime story for his son.12. approach n.&v.1)n.接近；方法，手段The approach of winter brings cold weather.A new approach to language teaching was introduced into our

11、school last term.2)v.(在距离或时间上)靠近，接近；着手考虑（处理）You must approach the bird quietly or it will fly away.He approached the problem with caution.做某事的方法approach to (doing) sth.means of (doing) sth.way of doing sth. to do sth.13. the moment 一就The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope.I found myself

12、in an entirely new world the moment I arrived in Beijing.一就1） the moment/ the minute/ the instant/ the second= as soon as2） immediately/ directly/instantly=as soon as3） on/upon (doing) sth.4） no sooner than14. be bored with厌烦，对厌烦I was bored with work not equal my abilities.bore sb. with sth.用某事烦扰某人

13、bore sb. to death/ tears令某人极度厌烦bore vt.使厌烦 n.C令人讨厌的人（或事）boring adj.无趣的，令人厌倦的（或厌烦的）bored adj.厌倦的，烦闷的对感到厌烦be bored with sb./ sth. be tired of sb./ sth.be fed up with sb./ sth.15. in decline衰落，没落Industry in Britain has been in decline since the 1970s.He is one of the aristocrats in decline.16. decline

14、n. & v.1)n.衰退，消减There is a sharp decline in interest in sports in our town.2)v.衰落，降低；婉拒His influence has begun to decline now that he is old.I invited her to join us, but she declined.on the decline在削减；在衰退辨析：decline, decrease与reduce单词辨析例句decline常指影响力的降低、记忆力的衰退、身体的衰弱等Her health was declining rapi

15、dly.decrease缩短；变小；减小，指速度、体积、数量、价值等的减少The exports of that company have decreased by 3%.reduce减少；降低，指物体在大小、外观上的减少，也常指价格的降低The wages of the miners were reduced.17. take advantages of利用（某物）；欺骗（某人）It never occured to me to take advantages of him.He took advantage of my generosity.to ones advantage/ disad

16、vantage对某人有利/不利gain/have/win an advantage over比别人强，优于；在方面占优势be at a disadvantage 处于不利地位be of (no) advantage有利/不利辨析：advantage与benefit单词辨析例句advantage指在物质利益及竞争中所占的优势或有利位置What are the advantages of each side?benefit利益，益处，兼指物质利益与精神利益两方面的好处What benefit can you get from it?disadvantage n.不利之处；不便之处18. base

17、vt. &n.1) vt.把建立在上；以为依据We suggest you base your choice on your interest.This film is based on a novel written by him.2)n.基地；基础A helicopter is reported to have crashed near the air base last week.Many languages have Latin as their base.at the base of在的底部 on the basis of以为基础be based on/upon以为基础19.

18、 influence v.&n.1)v.影响Its clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso.What influenced you to behave like that?2)n.影响My parents considered my friend to be a bad influence on me.辨析：influence, affect与effect单词辨析例句influence通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易察觉到的、潜移默化的影响No one can avoid being influenced

19、 by advertisements.affect产生的影响之大足以引起反应，着重“影响”的动作，有时含有“对产生不利影响”的意思Does the amount of rain affect the growth of crops?effect常用作名词，意为“效果；影响”；作动词时，意为“实现，达成”The film had a great effect on her.20. emerge vi.1)(从暗处或隐蔽处)出现，浮出，露出She finally emerged from her room at noon.Several new facts emerged during the t

20、rial.2)(从困境或苦难经历中)幸存下来，摆脱出来She emerged from the scandal with her reputation intact.21. concentrate v.1) 全神贯注，专心致志I cant concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on.2) 集合，集中We must concentrated our efforts on improving education.Power is largely concentrated in the hands of a small elite.c

21、oncentrate on（把注意力）集中在concentrated adj.集中的；加强的；浓缩的 concentration n.集中22. temporarily adv.暂时地，临时地The service is temporarily unavailable.The library is temporarily closed for repairs.temporary adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的，短暂的23. take the test参加考试It was foolish to take the test without preparation.24. in ones case就

22、某人自己而言，根据某人的情况Im not supposed to let anyone in without a card, but Ill make an exception in your case.in case要是的话；万一 in case of万一；假如in any case无论如何 in most cases多数情况下in no case决不 in this/ that case若是这样/那样25. in order整齐，秩序井然；状况良好He was as busy as a bee trying to put the house in order.in the right or

23、der整齐有序in order of importance/ size按重要性/大小顺序out of order(机器等)出故障；不整齐；状况不好26. try out测试，试验；参加选拔赛The idea seems good but we need to try it our in practice.His elder brothers words inspired him to try out for the football team.try for谋求，争取 try on试穿try ones best to do sth.竭尽全力做某事 try ones luck (at)碰碰运气辨

24、析try out与try on词组辨析举例try out试验，测试（某人的能力或性格）try out this typewritertry on试穿（衣服等）try on this coat27. arise (arose, arisen) vi.1) 出现；发生；呈现Accidents often arise from carelessness.2) 起身，起来He arose from his seat.原形过去式过去分词词义词性arisearosearisen引起vi.riseroserisen升起vi.raiseraisedraised举起Vt.28. boom v.&n.1)

25、v.激增，繁荣，迅速发展Business is booming.2)n.繁荣，迅速发展The oil market is enjoying a boom.29. be blessed with有幸，赋有（能力等），享有（幸福等）；受惠于Shes blessed with excellent health.Were blessed with five lovely girls.be faced with面临 be filled with充满 be equipped with配备着30. neat adj.整齐的，整洁的She often keeps her office neat and tid

26、y.She laid her dress on the bed to keep it neat.辨析：neat, tidy与clean单词辨析例句neat整洁的，整齐的，指“收拾得整整齐齐的”She was wearing a neat black suit.tidy整洁而井然有序的She keeps her flat very tidy.clean整洁的，干净的The hotel was spotlessly clean.31. well-behaved adj.彬彬有礼的；行为端正的Five of them are quiet and well-behaved.well-done adj.

27、干得好 well-defined adj.明确的well-informed adj.消息灵通的 well-educated adj.受过良好教育的32. consensus n.一致看法，共识The two parties have reached a consensus.There is a broad consensus (of opinion) in the country on this issue.33. budget v.&n.1)v.谨慎花钱，把编入预算If we budget carefully, well be able to afford the trip.The

28、project has been budgeted at ten million yuan.2)n.预算The work was finished on time and within budget.a family budget家庭收支预算 balance the budget平衡预算budget account预算账户34. cheque n.支票，账单May I pay by cheque?35. clain v.声称/断言claim that声称，断言claim to be宣称是claim to have done声称做过She claims to be a fan of Kelly

29、Chen.36. vain adj.1） 自负的，自视过高的 Too much praise can make a man vain.2） 无结果的；徒劳的 They made a vain attempt to save him but he drowned.in vain徒劳，枉然 Day after day she waited in vain for him to telephone her.37. keep to遵守，坚持You must keep to your promise.We must keep to the style of plain living.38. tight

30、adj.1) 忙碌的；（时间表）填满的；装满的Pack the cases as tight as possible.2) 紧的，不松动的The drawer is so tight that I cant open it.39. schedule n.&vt.1)n.工作计划，日程安排Everything is going according to schedule.They fufilled the task ahead of/ on/ behind schedule.2） vt.将某事列入进度表；为某事安排时间The sale is scheduled for tomorrow.

31、She is scheduled to give speech tonight.40. release v.公布，发布；释放，放出The new trade figures have just been released.Too much carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere every year.41. deadline n.最后期限，截止日期The deadline is drawing near; we cant any more.I have to finish this before the deadline.42. other

32、wise adv.1) 否则，不然Youll have to go now, otherwise youll miss your bus.2) 在其他方面；除此以外She is not very clever, but otherwise shes a nice girl.or otherwise 或相反43. abandon vt.抛弃；放弃abandon sth.放弃某物abandon oneself to sth.完全屈从于（某种情感或冲动）The captain gave orders to abandon the sinking ship.The match was bandoned

33、 because of the bad weather.He abandoned himself to despair.abandoned adj.被抛弃的；堕落的 abandonment n.放弃；遗弃44. come out1） 出版，发表When is her new novel coming out?2） 真相大白，为人知晓It came out that she had been stealing from her friend.3) 获得名次I came out first in the examination.4)(指花朵等)开始长出，开花The crocuses came ou

34、t late this year because of the cold e about发生，产生 come across（偶然）遇见come back回来 come down下来come from出生（于），来自 come in进入，近来come off从离开，脱落 come on来吧，赶快come to共计，达到 come true变为现实，成为事实come up即将发生 come up with追上，赶上；想出（主意）45. far from完全不，远非(后接名词、形容词或动名词)The project is far from perfect.Far from wo

35、rking hard, he plays around.46. devoted adj.热爱的，非常忠实的She is devoted to her children.Everyone shuold be devoted to his motherland.devote to把贡献给devote oneself to致力于、献身于be devoted to对专一/专注A whole page of the paper was devoted to discussing the housing problem.She is devoted to her studies.He was at one

36、 time so devoted to playing the piano.辨析：devote与contribute单词辨析例句devote常用于devote oneself/ ones life (time, efforts, energy) to (doing) sth.以及be devoted to结构，献身于，致力于，devote只作及物动词Please devote more time to your work.contribute既可作及物动词，还可作不及物动词，后接toYour suggestion will contribute to solving the problem.47.swap v.&n.1)v.交换 Ive finished the magazine. Can I swap with you?2)v.用替换；把换成，调换（过来）I think Ill swap this sweater for one in another colour.3)n.交换，替换 Lets do a swap. You work on Friday night and Ill do on Sunday.4)n.交换物，被替换者 Most of my football stickers are swaps.48.yell v.