仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage4-203 ENROUTE CHARTS

1、IFR Low Altitude En Route Chart “ “L-Charts” ”nEffective dates, and Scale are printed on map.nThe en route charts are revised every 56 days.Chart ScalenEffective dates, and Scale are printed on map.nThe en route charts are revised every 56 days.Chart Location PanelCompass Rose oriented to magnetic N

2、orthVHF/UHF in Black LF/MF in BrownVOR VORTACVOR/DMETACANLow / Medium frequency NDBUltra High Frequency NDBNDB/DMECompass Locator BeaconFlight Service Station / (RCO)Localizer Symbol, if X-hatch left, backcourseL-28, Panel ELow / Medium frequency NDBLocalizer used for an en-route navigation fixCompa

3、ss Locator Beacon (LOM)VOR VORTACNACO8 nm width EXCEPT . widens to 4.5 degrees when airway segment is more than 102 NM ( more than 51 NM to nearest VOR)V287-495-500 Confluence of airwaysV520 (even) oriented east/westVictor Airway V23V165 (odd) oriented north/southL-1, Panel DCompulsory reporting poi

4、ntNon-compulsory reporting pointHolding PatternNavAid radials and bearingsTotal Mileagein boxLeg Mileage(not in box)DME Fixopen arrowComputer Nav Fix/mileage break indicates a change in courseDME MileageOverall Mileage (Military)Direction of flight (Canada only)VOR Changeover point - COPDME distance

5、 from NavAid to fixCOPTotal MileageLeg MileageL-28, Panels E, FMEAL-28, Panel FMOCAOROCAMAAL-28, Panel GMRANormally begin climb to new MEA at fix.-Sufficient with normal IFR climb gradient (changes with altitude)-In some places there is a need for MCA due to fast rising terrain or obstructions in th

6、e direction of travelL-1, Panel BMCAThree situations to change VOR frequencies:1) at changeover point (COP)2) where a course change occurs (mileage breakpoint)3) midpoint of airway leg Navigation reception limits may cause COP to be located other than midpointShows distance in nm to each VORNote T b

7、ar across airway to denote change in MEA NAVAID Communication Box -Underlined frequency No VoiceFrequency protection indicator Identifies it as a TVORTACAN channels not underlinedOverprint check NOTAMsTWEBAutomated weather codes i.e. A, H, T in communications boxStar indicates part-time or on reques

8、tPaired DME channel and LF navaidWaypoint symbolL-28, Panel FCRRIS WaypointShadow Boxes on communication NAVAIDs indicate a Flight Service Station. Frequencies 122.2, 255.4 and emergency freq. 121.5 and 243.0 are normally available and are not shown.Certain FSSs provide Local Airport Advisory on 123

9、.6.“R” Means the FSS Receives on that freq., pilot listens on NAVAID frequencyFSSs not associated with a NAVAID have no internal info except name and idFSS Frequencies above boxControlling FSS name below communication box.Airport official name and three letter identifierAutomatic Terminal Informatio

10、n Service - ATIS - If Asterisk preceding frequency less than continuous operationChart Panel identification letterTower FrequenciesBWI Approach Control frequenciesGround Control frequencyClearance Delivery frequencyDeparture Control frequenciesDesignated sector operationsDesignated sector operations

11、Class C airspace with continuous operationClearance Delivery frequencyDeparture Control frequenciesRichmond Intl Approach Control frequencyAsterisk preceding frequency less than continuous operationName and identifier of an FSS not associated with a NAVAID Identified on chart by a heavy shadowContro

12、lling FSS nameControlling FSS nameL-28, Panel E A Ground Communication Outlet (GCO) is an unstaffed, remotely controlled, ground communications facility. Pilots at uncontrolled airports may contact ATC and FSS via VHF radio to a telephone connection to obtain an instrument clearance or close a VFR o

13、r IFR flight plan. They may also get an updated weather briefing. Pilots will use four “key clicks” on the VHF radio to contact the appropriate ATC facility or six “key clicks” to contact the FSS. The A/FD reference: (GCO) indicates that a ground communication outlet is available.Ground Communicatio

14、ns Outlet (GCO)Remote Communications Outlet(RCO) is an unmanned air/ground communications facility, remotely controlled and providing UHF or VHF communications capability to extend the service range of an FSS. These frequencies provide direct radio communication with the associated FSS, (not ATC), r

15、ather than making an automated telephone connection as is the case with the GCO.The A/FD reference: (RCO) indicates that a remote communication outlet is available.Remote Communications Outlet (RCO)L-28, Panel EMilitaryDouble CircleCivilian with no military charts publishedCivilian, but with militar

16、y “FLIP Charts” publishedCivilian with no instrument approach proceduresVOR Airways are designated as Victor AirwaysLF/MF routes are brown and are identified by name and numberUncontrolled Airways are noted by dashed linesOceanic Routes are identified by letters in boxesUnusable routes are over- wri

17、tten by a zig-zagAlternate, or Substitute routes are seen as a series of circlesOverprint Check NotamsUnusable RouteAlternate RouteL-28, Panel FHIWASWilliamsport FSSDME DistanceNon-Compulsory reporting pointL-28, Panel FRestricted Area R-4001AMilitary Operations AreaL-28, Panel EARTCC BoundaryARTCC FrequenciesADIZIn Addition To The Terminal Radar Found At Class B And C Airports, There Are 20 Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCC, Or Just “ “Centers” ” For Short)ARTCCARTCC Remoted Sites with discrete VHF and UHF frequenciesAir Route Traffic Control C