SmartGridandEnergyStoragePPT课件

1、Todays energy challenge growing demandElectricity demand rising twice as fastChina105%195%India126%282%Europe and North America11%31%M. East and Africa73%131%Growth in primary energy demandGrowth in electricity demandIEA forecast 2006-30SouthAmerica56%81%第1页/共25页Tackling societys challenges on path

2、to low-carbon erameans helping utilities do more using less Source: IEA, World Energy Outlook 2009 12,500Terawatt-hours (TWh)10,00020,00030,000 16,500 2007 2015 2030 20,000 29,000+76%Power and automation solutions are needed for: Meeting rising demand for electricity Increasing energy efficiency and

3、 reducing CO2 emissions Improving productivity to raise competitiveness of businesses and utilitiesForecast rise in electricity consumption by 2030OthersNAMEuropeIndiaChinaMeeting the rise in demand will mean adding a 1 GW power plantand all related infrastructure every week for the next 20 years第2页

4、/共25页A Vision for Europe The DESERTEC conceptVision: Providing Europe (EU), the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) with a sustainable supply of renewable energy by the year 2050. Developed by the Club of Romes TREC Initiative (Trans-MediterraneanRenewable Energy Cooperation).第3页/共25页Global VisionBu

5、ilding a New Energy System Paradigm shift: A global New Energy System (Renewable Energies + Smart Grid + Empowered Consumers) can reliably supply the worlds energy needs, benefiting climate, air and water quality, ecology and energy autonomy. This New Energy System is superior to the conventional sy

6、stem in the long term. Over time, renewable energy gets cheaper (zero primary fuel cost, innovation, economies of scale), while fossil fuel-based energy gets more expensive. Political will and leadership can help to kick-start the implementation of a New Energy System. A Scientific / technological r

7、evolution is likely to evolve only if innovations & new technologies manage to prove their paramount value for society. 第4页/共25页The Role of Governments - Policies & RegulationIncentive Mechanisms - Example GermanyRenewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) 2009:l Law for utilities, revision of 2004 a

8、ct issued in Oct 2008, effective Jan 1, 2009.l Most effective funding instrument at the German governments disposal in terms of achieving expansion targets for renewable energies. International observers see it as exemplary. l Three key elements:(a)unlimited access to the grid for all flavors of kWh

9、, even for micro-producers, (b)regulated minimum feed-in tariffs and degression rates for electricity for the period 2009 to 2018 to foster productivity gains, for various flavors of kWh (hydro, biomass, geothermal, onshore/offshore wind, solar).(c)no cap / no quota to guarantee investment security

10、today, 50% of the world PV is installed in Germany, and a market leading (new) wind industry has been created.第5页/共25页 ABB Group December 15, 2021 | Slide 6DSODSORoles in the German electricity marketBefore liberalization of meter data provision (09/2008)retailerretailermeteringenergymeteringenergym

11、eteringenergymeteringenergyDSO: Distribution System Operatorregional monopolycompetitive marketresidential customerEvery customer is located in the area of one DSOEvery residential customer has a contract with one retailer that provides energy and sends complete bills (including grid fees)DSO respon

12、sible for meter reading第6页/共25页 ABB Group December 15, 2021 | Slide 7meteringDSODSORoles in the German electricity marketAfter liberalization of meter data provision (09/2008)retailerretailerenergymeteringenergymeteringenergymeteringenergyDMDPDMDPDSO: Distribution System OperatorDMDP: Default Meter

13、Data Provider (part of DSO)MDP: Meter Data Providerregional monopolycompetitive marketresidential customerEvery customer is located in the area of one DSOEvery residential customer has a contract with one retailer that provides energy and sends complete bills (including grid and metering fees)Three

14、different possibilities how metering can be done:by DSO in role DMDP by retailerby separate MDPmeteringMDP第7页/共25页Smart Grid as key enabler for the New Energy SystemValue PropositionCapacityReliabilityEfficiencySustainabilityl Upgrade and install capacity economicallyl Provide additional infrastruct

15、ure for e-mobilityl Stabilize the system and avoid outagesl Provide high quality power at any time l Improve efficiency of power generationl Reduce losses in transport and consumptionl Connect renewable energy to the gridl Manage intermittent generation 第8页/共25页EuropenFocus on integration of renewab

16、lesnDistributed generation promoted by regulationnStrong involvement from EURest of the worldnME active in new concepts zero emission cities e.g. MasdarnSovereign funds looking for business opportunities e.g. e-mobility AsianFocus on adding capacity and interconnects making the grid strongnFocus on

17、integration of large scale renewablesnStrong government stimulus for infrastructure in ChinaNAMnFocus on reliability and demand side managementnDistribution and metering infrastructure upgrades nStrong federal/state involvementSmart Grids Geographical overviewDifferent starting points towards a comm

18、on goal第9页/共25页New Energy SystemSolar and Hydro Power Power plant control for hydro, wind and solar plants and tailor-made long distance connections Automation systems and electrical equipment to Europes first large-scale 45 MW solar plant in Spain (Andasol) Complete balance of plant for the worlds

19、first integrated solar combined cycle plant in Algeria (175 MW) Turnkey 1 MW solar concentration plant in Spain in record time with a very high performance ratio of 80 percent ABB has connected 230 GW of renewable energy to the grid第10页/共25页New Energy SystemWind Power - Development in China 100GW Wi

20、nd power by 2020 Geographically unevenly distributed Wind intermittence Grid Code compliance Grid stability / robustness Voltage control and frequency regulation Invest security (regulatory policies)第11页/共25页Wind PowerExample of Wind IntermittencePumpspeicherin Deutschland7000 MW40.000 MWhPumpspeich

21、erin Deutschland7000 MW40.000 MWhPumpspeicherin Deutschland7000 MW40.000 MWhpump storagein Germany7000 MW40.000 MWh Power MWload curvewind powerwind power (forecast)Situation in Vattenfall Europes transmission grid (Feb. 2008)Accumulated operating hours (operating hours/8760*100%)Power output / Rate

22、d Capacity in p.u.0.20.40.60.81.0020406080WindLoad100Total wind generation vs Load in Germany (Y2000)Source: IfR, TU BraunschweigSource: CIGRE 2009第12页/共25页The Wind EquationABDMVARMW50 %20 %100 %Rated MWE CAB0MVARMW100%?Wind farm + Add on = Grid compliantOptimize dynamic performance- Q over voltage

23、range- P over power range第13页/共25页A Solution for the Wind EquationPower Electronics fuel Wind GenerationSTATCOM+ Energy Storage+ Offset Capacitorconventional(switched)Thyristor valveStatic Var Compensator(SVC)Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator(TCSC)Dynamic FlowController(DFC)Voltage Source Conv

24、.Static syncronous Series Compensator(SSSC)Static Synchronous Compensator(STATCOM)Unified/Interline Power Flow Controller(UPFC/IPFC)R, L, C, TransformerSwitched Shunt-Compensation (L,C)(Switched) Series-Compensation (L,C)(SC, SC Light)Phase ShiftingTransformerFACTS-Devices(fast, static)HybridSC + AS

25、CPower Electronics TransformerHVDC ClassicVSC HVDCWind ConverterWind Converter +storage第14页/共25页 ABB Group December 15, 2021 | Slide 15100 kW1 MW10 MW100 MW1000 MW10100010010 h1 h10 minStorage time minPower requirement MW30300Utility scale applicationsPumped-HydroFlywheelsLi-IonVanadium Redox FlowTE

26、ESCompressed AirSodium SulphurNi-CdLead acidPHEVVehicle2Grid distributed storageNew Energy SystemEnergy Storage Technologies第15页/共25页New Energy System Consumer EmpowermentDemand Side Management & Distributed GenerationBenefitslPeak load shaving by local production, storage and time shift of cons

27、umptionlOverall reduction of energy consumption by increased consumer awareness and Energy Management.Home Energy Management SystemSmart metersPower SupplyChargingboxCentralControllableloadsNot controllableloadsNetwork Operator,Energy SupplierHBCommunication channelsKNXOwn storageOwn production第16页/

28、共25页Lochner-Porsche 1st PHEV GM XP883 electric motor powered the car until it reached 16 km/h, at which point the gasoline engine would kick in when running in hybrid mode. Esoro H301 by the Swiss company Esoro AG. 9 kWh Ni-Cd battery could be recharged in 4 h from a 220v electrical wall outlet, or

29、in about 2 h at a steady speed of 120km/h.Audi Duo twice expensive A4 dieselRenault Kangoo on board 3.5kW charger could charge a depleted battery pack in about 4 h from 220 volts.Toyota Prius+ had a 15 km range using Lead-acid battery pack. Calcars initiative Toyota Prius had a A123 Li-ion pack for

30、25 kmChevrolet Volt had a 65 km range using Li-ion battery pack. Starts 2010 Many car manufacturers announced commercialization of PHEV in 2009-2010: Toyota, GM, VW, MazdaThe electric automobile is in its heyday. Of the 4,192 cars produced in the US 28% are powered by electricity, and electric autos

31、 represent about 1/3 of all cars found on the roads of New York City, Boston, and Chicago.The electric car ceases to be a viable commercial product. The electric cars downfall is attributable to a number of factors, including the desire for longer distance vehicles, their lack of horsepower, and the

32、 ready availability of gasoline. 1890 19001920Concerns about the soaring price of oil and a growing environmental movement result in renewed interests in electric cars from both consumers and producers. Vanguard CitiCar had a top speed of 50 km/h and a reliable warm-weather range of 65 km. 19701974G

33、M EV1 had a range of 260 km with Ni-MH battery1994 1997 1999REVAi is the best selling EV (lead-acid battery, top speed 80 km/h, range 80 km, recharge time 8 h, price in UK 1200020012003200420052006200720082010Smart EV (zebra battery, top speed 120 km/h, range 110 km, recharge time 8 h)Mitsubishi iMi

34、EV (16 kWh Li-ion battery, top speed 130 km/h, range 130 km)Nissan, Toyota, GM, Mitsubishi and 11 new companies planning to offer highway-capable EV within a few years.ZENN (lead-acid battery, top speed 40 km/h, range 60 km, recharge time 8 h, 15000$E-Mobility - Electric Vehicles are around since lo

35、ng第17页/共25页E-MobilitySuccess factors for large-scale EV adoption1) Affordable EV for clean & convenient driving experience2) Business model e-mile competitive with oil-mile3) Partnership approach to “cross the chasm”4) EV charging infrastructure ultra-fast charging to overcome range anxiety and

36、harmonized Standardization5) “Smart charging” Smart Grid management to minimize impact on grid and to enable demand side managementMass deployment of electric vehicles become realityIn 2020 the fleet of electric cars could reach 40 million worldwide11 Sources: CS Investment Bank, Boston Consulting,

37、Renault-Nissan, Roland Berger第18页/共25页E-Mobility - EV Charging InfrastructureAC and DC Solutions ABB Group December 15, 2021 | Slide 19AC 1 “slow” charginglon-board charger (3-20kW, 100-230V)lon-board batterylcharging home and work (1-8h) Interface standard required for interoperabilityDC “fast” cha

38、rging loff-board charger (50-200kW, 500V)lon-board batterylcharging on the move (10-30min)第19页/共25页ABB and E-Mobility Comprehensive Solutions Portfolio & Value PropositionSubstationNetwork ManagementRenewable EnergySourcesEnergyStoragePublic ACcharging pole20-50kWDomesticAC Wall box3-4kWPublic DCcharging station50-200kW第20页/共25页Smart Grid Technologies for Sustainable CitiesExample Stockholm Royal SeaportVisionRoyal Seaport A sustainable urban city performing world classObjectives