2020年高考英语(外研版)总复习必修3：课时提能练14

1、1/7课时提能练（十四）I阅读理解（2019 武汉调研）When I graduated from the University of Iowa last year , I didsomething my friends did not understand.I left Iowa， where I had friends and stability，to live on a small houseboat near San Francisco.At scho，olI had found a job driving aschool bus so people aske，d “ Why on e

2、arth are you leaving？”Well， at graduation I was presented with two thingsa degree in psychology anda question.It was the same one that many in my generation got：“What do I donow？”It was as difficult as it was common.That s because many people at my agewere raised with the same words， repeated over a

3、nd over by parents， teachers andTV， that “you can be whatever you want to beAs a you”ng boy， every time whenI was puzzled about my future， they would say that they would be happy if I washappy.However， what I needed was concrete advice but not a vague idea， forexample， “be a doctor， or be a bus driv

4、e”r My experience was by no means universal.Many Americans are taught by theirparents that the only purpose in life is to attain money and power.As a go，atlhis seemsmuch easier and clearer than finding “happiness ”or “gentleTnhessres”ult of thisupbringing is that many of my classmates did not specia

5、lize in any particular skill ，rather assuming that something would magically happen to overcome theirproblems.They often get a real shock when they enter the“reawl orld”anfdind thattheir options are very limited.Many of my friends have taken jobs as waiters or cooksafter graduating， or have moved ba

6、ck in with their parents.My life on the boat is hard at times，especially during storms.But this is my smallattempt to be happy on my own.Im not buying into my nations idea of limitlesspossibilities because I feel that stops the growth of many of todays youth.【语篇解读】 本文是文化教育类夹叙夹议文。 作者用自身的经历指出当今 美国的一个社

7、会问题： 青少年需要父母更为具体的引导和教育， 让他们知道自己 将来具体想要做什么，而不是简单地告诉他们 “成为你想成为的人 ” 。2/71Why were the friends confused about the writers leaving?AHe was tired of driving.BHe suddenly quit school.CHe would lose his friends.DHe would lead a changing life.D 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词confused 定位到文章第一段中的 “Idid something my friends di

8、d not understand.I left Iowa，where I had friendsand stability ， to live on a small houseboat near San Francisco ”可知，作者离开 了艾奥瓦州，那里有他的朋友， 有稳定的工作，但他去了旧金山附近的一个船屋， 开始自己一种新的生活，他的朋友们对他的这种做法很不理解，故答案是D。 2What does the writer think of the guidance he got from American society?A It s specific.BIt s wrong.CIt s

9、 general.DIt s correct.C 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词guidance 定位到文章的第二段，这一段讲述了作者对于来自他人的指导的想法；根据第二段内容，尤其是其中的what I needed was concrete advice but not a vague ide 可知，作者想要的是具体的 建议，故可推知他认为他得到的指导是宽泛的，故答案是C。3What directly caused a lot of Americans to have jobs lower than theirexpectations?ATheir achievable goals.BThe

10、practical guidance.CBeing shocked by the real world.DLacking professional competence.D 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词jObs lower than their expectatio nS 定位到文章第三段最后一句 “Many of my friends have taken jobs as waiters or cooks3/7after graduating ， or have moved back in with their parents ”（我的很多朋友在毕业后都当了服务生或厨师，或者搬回去跟父母住

11、在一起），上文分析了导致这种情况的原因 The result of this upbri nging is that many of my classmates did notspecialize in any particular skill”，也就是说，父母的这种教育方式导致很多孩 子没有去认真学习专业技能。故答案是Do4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Stay where you areB.Be whatever you want to beC. Bli nd faith in in dustria

12、l societyD. Mistaken belief in limitless possibilitiesD 主旨大意题。文章主要阐述了作者指出当前美国的一个社会问题：父母没有给孩子提出具体的、明确的建议，教育其孩子把钱和权力当成了生活的唯一 目标，这导致很多孩子没有去认真学习专业技能，在走上社会之后受到了影响，只能去做一些很低层次的工作。根据最后一段中的“ m not buying.todaysyouth”可知，作者批评了这种教育方式，并且不再相信美国社会的无限可能”的信念。所以答案是 Don.阅读七选五(2019 宁五校联考)Many people find it hard to los

13、e weight and have to gostarvation.Now，r d like to offer some tricks to help lose weight.Put out a large vegetable plate.Eati ng waterich foods such as tomatoes duri ngmeals reduces calorie absorpti on. Other waterich foods in clude soups and salads. 1Because the body processes hun ger and thirst thr

14、ough differe nt system simplydoesn t register a sense of fullness with water(or tea coffee or juice).Down size your dinner plates.The less food put in front of you the less food youlleat.So in stead of using sta ndard dinner plates serve your main course on salad plates.2 In stead of large glasses a

15、nd coffee mugsretur n to the old days of cups and eve n4/7smaller coffee cups.Serve your dinner restaura ntstyle(with food already on the plates) rather tha nfamily-style(where the food is served in bowls on the table) 3 Theres no reachi ng forsec on ds.4_ You re more likely to eat more and eat more

16、 highfat, high calorie foods when you eat out tha n whe n you eat at home.Eat slowly and calmly. 5Vary your eat ing with stories of the in teresti ngthings that happe ned duri ng your day.Your brain is beh ind your stomach by about 20minu tes whe n it comes to full ness sig nals .If you eat slowly e

17、no ugh your brain willcatch up and tell you that you no Ion ger n eed food.Servi ng separate courses will alsoslow you dow n.A. The same goes for liquids.B. Eat 90 percent of your meals at home.C. When your plate is empty, youve finished.D. Put your fork or spoon down between every bite.E. Be sure t

18、o choose a high-ber, low-sugar variety of food.F. You won t get the same ben efits by just drinking wate, though.G. You should eat equal amounts of vegetables and grains at dinner.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了减肥的五个窍门，涉及吃什么、吃多少、怎么吃等。1.F 上文讲的是，在吃饭的时候要吃些富含水分的食物，这样会减少热量的吸收，下文讲的是只喝水是不会让人有饱的感觉的，上下文之间是逻辑上的转折关系，所以空处要表达的是

19、但是，只是喝水是不会有同样的益处(减少热量的吸收)的”所以选 F。2.A 上文讲的是，要用小盘子来装食物，下文讲的是，要用小杯子来喝咖啡等，上下文之间是逻辑上的递进关系，而选项A 的意思是喝液体也是同样的道理”所以选 Ao5/73.C 上文讲的是要用在餐馆里的方式来吃饭，不要用在家里的方式来吃饭，下文进一步解释了在餐馆里吃饭的方式对减肥的好处：当你的盘子空了，你就吃完了，不会再有饭菜让你吃了。下文是在进一步解释上文，所以选C。4. B出现在句首的句子通常为段落主题句，下文讲的是，如果你在餐馆 里吃饭，很可能吃的更多，而且，餐馆里的饭菜脂肪高且热量高。因此，开头要 表达的意思就是要尽量在家里吃饭

20、”，所以选 Bo5.D本段的大意是 吃饭要缓慢、平静”，接下来讲的就应该是与主题 慢” 相关的句子，所以，选项 D 每次吃一口，就把刀叉放下”正确。川.语法填空(2019 成都诊断)lf you speak to a local about your stay in Chengdu they IIprobably ask if youve tried hot pot.Every one 1._ (live) here seems to love it,and trying it should be a 2_(fix) part of every ones culi nary tour of S

21、ichua n.Hot pot restaura nts can 3._(find) on pretty much every street inChengdu, but the quality and taste can vary hugely.When you do go for hot pot, you will often be asked to make a 4._(choose) of broth in which you cook your raw ingredients 食材).If you re 5._(adventure) and up for a challenge th

22、e traditional oily spicy broth might be just the thingyou re after.But 6._ you haverl t yet fully adapted to the local tasteyoud better choose a non&picy broth， or 7.(go) for a less spicy opti on .Bear 8_ mind that some broths like thetomato，mushroom or n orther n style will not be on offer at e

23、very restaura nt.Half spicy and half clear broth is 9._ (ready) available at mostrestaura nts these pots either come divided dow n the middle like a giany in andyang, orwith 10._ separate smaller pot of clear broth in the middle.lf you cahtbear too much chili and oil, but want to have a try ask for

24、yuanyangguo【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了成都的特色饮食一一火锅。1. living考查非谓语动词。live 和句子谓语 seems 之间没有连词，故空6/7处应用非谓语动词，且动词 live 和句子主语 Every one 构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作定语。2fixed 考查非谓语动词。空处和句子谓语动词之间没有连词，故空处应填非谓语动词，又因动词 fix 和其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去 分词作定语。 3be found 考查动词语态。动词 find 和句子主语 Hot pot restaurants 之 间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。 4choice 考查词形

25、转换。根据空前的 a 和空后的 of 可知空处应填名词的 单数形式。 5adventurous 考查形容词。根据空前的 you re 可知，此处应用形容词adventurous 作表语。 6if /when 考查连词。根据语境可知，空处可用 if 引导条件状语从句，表示对情况的假设；也可用 when 来引导时间状语从句，表示 当时”7go 考查动词。 根据连词 or 可知， 此处 go 和动词 choose 是并列关系， 故用动词原形形式。 had better do sth. “最好做某事 ”。 8in 考查介词。 bear(sth.)in mind 意为“记住某事 ”，为固定搭配，故用介词

26、 in 。 9readily 考查副词。空处修饰形容词应用副词，故填readily ，在句子中作状语。 10a 考查冠词。 pot 是可数名词，且此处表示泛指，又因 separate 的发 音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词 a。 IV .短文改错(2019 成都诊断)One of the biggest cultural differenee I noticed while I was in7/7London was why the people of London conducted themselves.It seemed that they tookmany pride in their country.I also notice that they always seem