【2019最新】精选高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Makingthenews含解析新人教版必修5

1、【 2019 最新】精选高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Makingthenews含解析新人教版必修5(精选)一、阅读理解。When people argue about whether coffee is good for health,they re usuallythinkingof the healthof the coffeedrinker.Is itgood for your heart? Does itincreaseblood pressure? Doesithelp you concentrate?However, coffeeaffectsthe healthofthe

2、human population in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes are planted under thecanopy( 树荫 ) of taller trees. However, more and more farmersin Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full- suncoffee.At first,thisincreasesproductionbecause more coffeebushes can be planted if there arenUn

3、fortunately, deforesting for coffee productionimmediately decreases the local wildlife habitat, becausenative birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者 ) on the talltrees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the full- sun method alsodamages the ecosystem because more chemical f

4、ertilizers and欢迎下载。pesticides(杀虫剂 ) are needed to grow the coffee. Thefertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plants, and then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can evenenter the water that people will eventually

5、drink. Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America arebeginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as“shade- grown” and “bird - friendly ”. Sure, these varietiesmight cost a little more. But were paying for the health ofthe b

6、irds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it s worth it.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，通过拉丁美洲的农民种植咖啡作物的事例说明了咖啡作物长在树下对生态系统的重要性。1Which opinion does the author agree with?APeople should buy full- sun coffee.BShade- grown coffee should be supported.CFarmers should change the places to grow coffee.DPesticides

7、 should be forbidden in coffee planting.B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句可知，作者支持农民种植对鸟类无害的长在树下的咖啡作物，故 B 项正确。2Comparedwith the traditionalmethod, what advantage does【2019最新】精选高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Making thenews含解析新人教版必修the full- sun method have?AIt can protect the ecosystem.BIt can promote peoples health.CIt can prov

8、ide more nests for birds.DIt can increase the production of coffee.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知，全阳光照射这种方法能提高咖啡豆的产量，增加利润，故 D项正确。3How do farmers get more land to grow full- sun coffee?AThey cut down trees.BThey move to other countries.CThey turn grassland into farmland.DThey buy more land from other farmer

9、s.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句可知，农民通过砍伐树林来种植全阳光照射的咖啡作物，故 A 项正确。4What can we learn from the passage?AIt is quite worthwhile to buy shade- grown coffee at anycost.BFarmers all have realized the importance of protecting the environment now.CSouth American farmers are taking action to plant coffee bushes in the

10、 traditional way.DThe full- sun method does good to the health of humanbeings3/133/13in the long run.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的第一句并结合第二段的第一句可推知，中南美洲的农民意识到了咖啡作物长在树下的重要性， 他们开始改变种植方法，选择传统的种植方法，故C项正确。二、单句语法填空1We must concentrate our effort on _ (find) waysto reduce costs.答案： findingconcentrate one's effort o

11、n .力 ”， on 为介词，故填动名词finding。“集中精2They study hard _ (acquire) a good knowledge ofEnglish.答案： to acquire此处不定式在句中作目的状语。3I'llkeep you _ (inform)of the progressmadeatany time.答案： informedkeep sb. informed of sth.“通知某人某事/ 使某人了解某事”。4It is difficult _ (assess) the effects of thesechanges.答案： to assessIt

12、 isadj. to do sth.“做某事是 的”。5You can never depend on it_ he can arriveon time.答案： thatdepend on it that“指望 / 相信 ”。6 Areyou_(accuse)me oflyingtotheheadmaster? I'm sure you did.【2019最新】精选高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Making thenews含解析新人教版必修答案： accusingaccuse sb . of (doing) sth.“指责/ 控告某人( 做) 某事”。本句是一般疑问句，谓语动词用了

13、现在进行时。7 All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to_ (receive) in time for Christmas.答案： be receivedso as to do .“为了做 ”， gifts与 receive 之间为被动关系，故应填 be received 。8There are cases _ this rule does not work.答案：where若定语从句的先行词为抽象地点名词case, stage,point, position, condition等时，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，应用 where 引

14、导定语从句。9He leftthe classroom withoutthe _ (approve)ofthe teacher.答案： approval由空前的“ the ”和空后的“ of ”可知，设空处应填名词形式，即approval 。10People demanded that the injured _ (take) tohospital at once.答案： (should) be takendemand意为“要求”，后跟宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“ should 动词原形”，should可以省略。主语 the injured 与动词 take 之间是被动关系，故用

15、被动语态。三、完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。“Why do you walk so fast?Don't you see me behind you？” I5/135/13said _7_. “You are always like this.Why must you _8_ soloudly ？” he said and his face got red right away.In fact，Ideliberately spoke loudly and made him angry.“It is your_9_

16、！” I shouted at him immediately.“You always li ke to_10_ others ！” he criedout.Thismade me fallintoa rage( 愤怒) Then we _11_ on the street.Whatever he said，I quicklyanswered back.At that time ，I was likea wild beast ，losing mytemper.Many people stopped to look at us.I was so _12_ thatI could feel my

17、face burning ，forI saw some people_13_ me，which made me lose face.I touched my face _14_ glared athim. “I will never talk to him，” I said to myself angrily.Now I begin to phone him and ask him to take care of himself.Although sometimes parents will _20_ wrong，they just hope we can be better.1A.atB t

18、oCforDof2A.perfectlyBeagerlyCanxiouslyDenjoyably3A.make fun ofBcatch up withCmake way for Dget rid of4A.walkedBranCstartedDtrained5A.temperBconfidenceCbreathDbalance6A.beliefsBbehavior【2019最新】精选高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Making thenews含解析新人教版必修CfeelingsDrequests7A.calmlyBfrequentlyCsoftlyDloudly8A.tellBclaimC

19、readDspeak9A.faultBcrueltyCoriginDbusiness10A.enjoyBadmireCblameDabuse11A.foughtBbargainedCconsultedDquarreled12A.alarmedBafraidCashamedDamazed13A.asking forBlaughing atCwaiting forDaiming at14A.andBsoCbutDor15A.AngerBSenseCCareDShame16A.in caseBas ifCunlessDafter17A.wrongBcrazyCbusyDinnocent18A.arm

20、BfaceCheadDbody7/137/1319A.NaturallyBOccasionallyCObviouslyDGradually20A.doBgiveCfindDkeep【解题导语】 作者因一件小事和父亲在大街上争吵，致使自己颜面尽失，于是下定决心不再与父亲说话。但随着岁月的流逝，作者意识到是愤怒让自己忘记了自己最爱的人为自己所做的一切，于是逐渐改变了自己对父亲的态度。1B根据语境可知，作者与父亲是在去叔叔家的路上。 on theway to.意为“在去 的路上”，符合语境。故选B 项。2D该句中 while 表示对比，意为“然而”。此处是说作者和父亲走得比较匆忙，而街上的其他人走得

21、比较悠闲，边走边开心地(enjoyably)聊着天。故选 D项。perfectly意为“完美地”； eagerly意为“急切地”； anxiously意为“焦虑地”。3B从下文的 I was stillleftbehind可知，父亲走得很快，作者试图赶上他，但是仍然被落在了后面。catch up with意为“赶上”，符合语境。故选B 项。 make fun of意为“取笑”； make wayfor 意为“给 让路”； get rid of 意为“摆脱 ； 除去 ”。4A根据第二段开头的Why do you walk so fast？可知，此处指作者不知道为什么父亲走(walked) 得那么

22、快。故选A 项。6C根据上文中的 I began to be angry at him对父亲很生气，认为他根本不考虑作者的感受(feelings)可知，作者。故选 C项。belief 意为“信念”； behavior 意为“行为；举止”； request 意为“请求；要求”。7D上文提到作者很生气，所以说话的声音应该是很大的。根【2019最新】精选高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Making thenews含解析新人教版必修据第 8 空后的 so loudly也可知答案。故选D项。 calmly 意为“平静地”；frequently意为“频繁地”；softly意为“温柔地”。8D根据下文的I

23、n fact，I deliberatelyspoke loudlyand.可知，此处指父亲埋怨作者说话声音大。故选D项。9A作者责怪父亲走太快，自己跟不上，因此，此处指作者认为这都是父亲的过错 (fault)。故选 A 项。 cruelty意为“残忍”；origin意为“起源”； business 意为“事情；商业”。10C作者在埋怨父亲，而此时父亲也非常生气。因此，父亲在说作者总是责备 (blame) 别人。故选 C项。 enjoy 意为“喜欢”；admire 意为“欣赏”； abuse 意为“虐待；滥用”。11D根据下文 Whatever he said ，I quicklyanswere

24、d back.Atthat time, I was like a wild beast，losing my temper.可知，作者大发脾气，与父亲在大街上吵了起来，所以选quarreled ，意为“争吵”。fight意为“打架”；bargain 意为“讨价还价”； consult意为“咨询”。12C根据空后的 I could feel my face burning可知，和父亲吵架引来很多路人驻足观看， 作者感觉自己的脸滚烫， 因此可推断，作者感到羞愧 (ashamed)。alarmed 意为“担忧的； 恐慌的”； afraid 意为“害怕的”； amazed意为“惊奇的”。13B 由空后的

25、 made me lose face 可知，作者觉得很丢人，因为看到路人在嘲笑她。 laugh at 意为“嘲笑”，符合语境。故选 B 项。 ask for 意为“请求；要求”； wait for 意为“等待”； aim at 意为“针对；以 为目标”。14A句意为：我摸了摸我的脸， 怒视着他。 touched 和 glared是作者先后做的两个并列的动作，所以用and 连接。9/139/1315A文中反复提到 angry ，通过对与父亲吵架的描述可知，此处指生气能让人忘记你所爱的人为你做的一切。故选A 项。16B设空后的 I were not his daughter为虚拟语气，作者因怒生恨

26、，吵架后不与父亲说话，就好像自己不是父亲的女儿似的。as if意为“好像”，符合语境。in case意为“以防”； unless 意为“除非”； after意为“在 之后”。17C父亲每次打电话时，作者总是抱怨太忙。busy 意为“忙碌的”，符合语境。故选C项。 wrong 意为“错误的”； crazy 意为“疯狂的”； innocent 意为“无辜的”。18B眼泪应该是从脸上流下来，所以选 face 。句意为： 但是，当我们见面时，父亲那饱经沧桑的脸上流下的泪水使我感到内疚。19D根据空后的 I realized that I should not hate him可知，作者越来越理解父亲，

27、认识到不应该再恨父亲，此处强调的是一个心理逐渐变化的过程。gradually意为“慢慢地；逐渐地”，符合语境。故选 D项。naturally意为“自然地” occasionally意为“偶然”； obviously意为“明显地”。20A尽管有时候父母会做错事，但是他们希望我们能更好。此处指可能会做错事，所以选A 项。四、单句改错1You'll be faced with two choices whether to be fired or not, depend on your performance in the work._答案： dependdepending 句中已有谓语动词

28、be faced with 且无连词，故 depend 应用非谓语动词形式。 depending on . 现在分词短语在句中作状语。【2019最新】精选高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Making thenews含解析新人教版必修2Wehad a thoroughlycleaningof our house at the weekend._答案： thoroughly thorough此处需用形容词thorough来修饰动名词 cleaning ，故改为 thorough 。3It is demanded that a doctor must be sent for._答案： mustsh

29、ould 或去掉 mustdemand后跟宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，其谓语动词应用“ should 动词原形”， should 可以省略。_答案：第一个 to forbe eager forsth.“渴望 ( 得到 ) 某物”。5You'd betterputon a thicksweater incase ofitsnows._答案：去掉 ofin case of sth.“如果；假使”； in case 从句“万一 / 以防 ；如果 / 假使 ”。根据从句“ it snows”可知应用 in case ，故去掉 of 。五、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ) ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()