(完整版)人教版高一英语必修3宾语从句与表语从句详细讲解及练习

1、 Grammar 宾语从句与表语从句 名词性从句因此在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词， 表语、宾语和同位语。 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、主语从句、表语从句 Who will win the match is still unknown. 主语从句： I want to know what he has told you. 宾语从句： The fact is that we have lost the game. 表语从句： 同位语从句：The news that we won the game is exciting. 引导名词性从句的连接词可

2、分为三类： )：that ,whether ,if连接词(不充当从句的任何成分what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接代词：when ,where ,how ,why 连接副词： 宾语从句Object Clauses 请对应写出句子成him. knowI ）（ ） （） is.he knowwhoI ） （ ） ） （ 请用横线画出下面句子的宾语从句部分。I know him. 、1Do you have the time? 、2I think that she is beautiful. 、3t you pay attention to me? 4、

3、Why don' 后_或者_宾语通常位于谓总结： 一、宾语从句的概念： 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 连词句子结构：主句 +(引导词)+ 宾语从She asked if these answers were right. e.g. We can learn what we do not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A. where we will hold the meeting. I don't know 通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用

4、陈述语序：1 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 练习： 1)Could you tell me_. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here 2) Mother asked his son what _for lunch at school. A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had 3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me _ th

5、at was the one we had seen in the picture. A. what B. if C. where D. how 二、连接词 1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 1）、 I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2）、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us 注： 1、由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree,

6、expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔试中。 例：I told him that he was wrong. 2、用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时，it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾） （此时that一定不可以省略） I think it necessary that you should read English aloud. We heard

7、it that she would get married next month. 3、that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。 That he ever said such a thing I simply don't believe. 4、if 和Whether的区别 1）、由 连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。 例：I don't know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whet

8、her we had finished the experiment. 2）、下面几种情况只能用whether 和不定式连(whether to do sth.)用作宾语时不用if引导. 2 t been decided. '例：Whether to go there hasnThey asked me whether to go shopping. if引导. 宾语从句中有or not时不用t know whether the star will come or not. I don'例： 在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导 whether we should go fish

9、ing. 例：I'm thinking of 宾语从句提前时： this is true or not, I can't say.例：Whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 练习： 2. We're worried about _ he is safe.3. I wonder _ he is well. 4. I don't know _ or not he is well. 5. I don't know _ to go. 2、连接代词和连接副词when ,where ,how ,why what, who,

10、whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词：连接代词：因为连接代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不 可省略Do you know what he said just now?ember when we arrived. I don't reI asked him where I could get so much money. Please tell me who (whom) we have to see. 练习： （how, why）1. Wang Hai told me _ he didn't go hiking ye

11、sterday afternoon. ）who, whom2. Can you tell me _ else is going to be on duty today?（ （3. He always thinks _ he can do better.how, who）4. They don't know _ we are going hiking. (when, what) 5. I don't know _ so many people crowding round him. (how, why) 6. Do you know _ shirt it is? (whose,

12、who's) 三、时态 1. 主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而I know that he lives here. I know that he lived here ten years ago. I have heard that he will come tomorrow. 如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时）2.，从句的时态一定要用相3 对应的过去的某种时（一般过去时，过去进行时,过去将来时，过去完成时） I knew who lived here. I saw that she was talking with her mother. He sa

13、id that his father had gone to Beijing. 3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。 He told the boy that three and three is six. He told me that the earth moves around the sun. 练习：单项选择 1. The young man asked _ it's summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2. We don't know _ they did i

14、t. A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time. A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not. A. if B. where C. whether D. that 5. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is th

15、e station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 6. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 7. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live 8. Someone is

16、 ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 9. Could you tell me how long _? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 10. He says that if it _ tomorrow, he

17、_ fishing. A. will rain, won't go B. rained, wasn't go C. rains, won't go D. rain, will go 4 Predicative Clauses 表语从句 This is his job. This is what he does every day. （ ） （ ） 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在系动词之后。 一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。 系动词有那些呢? 常见的系动词分为三种： A表示特征和状态： be, look, sound, taste, smell, s

18、eem, appear等 B表示由一类状态转为另一类状态： get, become, grow, turn, fall, go, come, run等 C表示某种状态的：remain, keep, prove, continue, stay等 从句连接词分为三类：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。 连接词: that / whether /as if /as though( if 不引导表语从句) 连接代词: who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词: when / where / why / how / because 用横线画出表语从句：The quest

19、ion is whether we can rely on him. That is because we were in need of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry. That is why I was late. 过观察，我们可以知道表语从句的语序也是用陈述语序 注意： 1、that 引导的表语从句，that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可 省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。 The fact is that he hasn't yet recover fr

20、om illness. Our purpose is that he can realize his faults. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking. *名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句 表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact, truth 表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：idea, opinion, belief, view, news, advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble, question, problem等 The fact is that

21、our team has won the game. The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for. 2. whether 引导的表语从句，连接词whether起连接作用， 意为“是否、究竟、到底”在句中也不作任何成分（注意：if不能引导表语从句)。 The question is whether we can rely on him. The question is whether what man will turn up in time. 5 What the doctor doubts is whether m

22、y mother will recover from the disease soon. 除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当what,which,who,whom,whose3、连接代词 主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on

23、the top of the list. American wedding. My strongest memory is when I attended an 地点、在从句中还充当时间、where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，4. 连接副词 方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。 where I can't agree with you.That's This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. American wedding. M

24、y strongest memory is when I attended an as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句5. 其他连词 ”结构中。引导表语从句通常只用于“ becauseThis/That/It is because 等后面，look, seem, sound, be, become as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词 常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. you haven't written to

25、me for a long time. My anger is because 单项选择：led on us to do. 1. That's _ the Party cal D. that C. how B. what A. why 2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. Whether D. A. because B. why C. that 3. She looked_she were ten years younger. D.as though C.as A.that B.like 4. Jane is n

26、o longer _ she was four years ago. when C. that D. A. what B. which _your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies. 5 ；how you are B. That A. What; how are you how you are ； D. What that you are C. How； 6. The trouble is_we are short of tools. D. why that C. how A. what B. that . Americ

27、a was _was first called “India” by Columbus.76 D. there where C. the place A. what B. where It is no longer_ . 8. China is becoming stronger and stronger. B. what it was used to being A. what it used to be D. what it was used to be C. what it used to being 9. _he really means is _he disagrees with u

28、s. B. That what A. What that D. That what C. What what 10. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work. D. such B. which C. what A. that 综合练习： 1 I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week Is that _you had a few days off? A why B when C what D where 2 I ask her _ come with me A if

29、 she will B if will she C whether will she D will she 3 It was a matter of _ would take the position A who B whoever C whom D whomever 4 Can you tell me _? A who is that gentleman is B that gentleman is who C who that gentleman is D whom is that gentleman 5 Can you tell me _ the railway station? A h

30、ow I can get to B what can I get to C where I can got to D where can I get to 6 It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants A however B whatever C whichever D whenever 7 Do you know _ ? A what is his name B how is his name C what his name is D how his name is 8 Go and get you

31、r coat It's_ you left it A there B where C there where D where there 9 I wonder how much _ A does the watch cost B did the watch cost C the watch costed D the watch costs 7 It was _ he said _ disappointed me10that ； that B A what；that what ； that D C what；what Is Mary from New York City? I don't know _11from what city she come B from what city does she come from Awhat city she comes from D what city does she come from C I'll ask him why _12 Henry killed the doghe did