单项填空解题技巧之“简化还原法”

1、单项填空解题技巧之“简化还原法”单项填空是高考英语试题的基本题型之一，用来考查词法、句法、惯用法、交际 用语、词语辨析等各项内容。在做单项填空题时，除应具有较扎实的语言基础知 识外，掌握一些解题方法也是很有必要的。简化还原法我们平时见到的句子大多是以陈述语序出现的。因此，遇到疑问句、感叹句、倒 装句、强调句等相对陌生的句式时，我们不妨先把它们还原成陈述语序；遇到省略句时，我们可以根据上下文把省略的部分还原，这样，句子结构就清晰了；并 列句、复合句看似复杂，但通过简化，问题自会迎刃而解。将疑问句、感叹句等还原成陈述句1. whe n has the country bee n ope n to

2、intern ati onal trade?1978, I suppose.陕西 2007）A. Since B. In C. From D. After点拨：选A。结合答语，疑问句可还原成：The countryhas been open to international trade since 1978.现在完成时与 since引导的时间状 语连用。2. Robert is in deed a wise man.Oh, yes. How often I have regrettedhis advice!（安徽 2007）A. to take B. tak ingC. not to take

3、D. not tak ing点拨： 选 D。感叹句可还原成：I have often regretted not taking his advice. regret 接动词-ing形式作宾语，表示对过去所做的事感到后悔。将倒装语序还原成正常语序1. that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere（陕西 2007）A. So successful her bus in ess wasB. So successful was her bus in essC. So her bus in ess was successfulD. So was

4、 her bus in ess successful点拨：选 B。该句的正常语序是： Her bus in ess was so successful that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere在 so . that 句型中，当“ so + adj. / adv” 位于 句首时，主句需部分倒装。2. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldomsoIonely as now.（辽宁 2007）A. have I feltB. I had fe

5、ltC. I have feltD. had I felt点拨： 选A。还原成正常语序，后一分句应该是：I have seldom felt so Ionely as n ow. seldom是含有否定意义的副词，用于句首时，句子需部分倒装。将省略句还原成完整的句子1. The flowers his friend gave him will die uni essevery day. （四川 2007）A. watered B. wateri ng C. waterD. to water点拨： 选A。还原成完整的句子，该句就应该是：The flowers his friend gave hi

6、m will die uni ess the flowers are watered every day.当状语从句的主语与主句的主语 一致时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。2. We all know that, the situation will get worse. （2007 全国卷 I ）A. not if dealt carefully withB. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully withD. not if carefully dealt with点拨： 选 Bo if not carefully dea

7、lt with 是 if the situation is not carefully dealt with 的省略形式。将强调句式简化成一般句式1. Between the two generations, it is often not their age,their education thatcauses their misunderstanding. （200全国卷 I ）A. like B. asC. orD. but点拨： 选D。强调句型的基本句式是：it is / was +被强调部分+ that +句子的 其它成分。通过简化，去掉it is / was . that,就成了一

8、般句式。该句中，如果将 it is及that去掉，我们就不难看出，这句话强调的是由not . but .连接的并列主语。2. It is not who is right but what is rightis of importanee.重庆 2007)A. which B. it C. that D. this点拨：选C。强调句型，强调由not . but .连接的两个并列的主语从句。将被动语态还原成主动语态1. When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what 川 2007)A. have marked B. have

9、bee n markedC. had marked D. had bee n marked点拨：选B。还原成主动语态可以清楚地看出“批阅(mark)”的执行者是“老 师”,而what是mark的承受者，两者之间为动宾关系或被动关系。2. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when andwhereyet.浙江 2007)A. hasn ' t been decide® haven ' t decidedC. isn ' t being decidedD. aren ' t decided