时间状语从句

1、状语从句while引导时间状语从句时表示当的时候”它强调主句的动作与从句的什么是状语: 句子中修饰动词、形容词等的句子成分叫状语，用来从地点、时间、原因、目 的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式和伴随状况等方面修饰说明谓语。e.g. He sp eaks En glish very well.（畐 J词作状语） e.g. He is playing un der the tree.（介词短语作状语） e.g. I come sp ecially to see you.（不定式作状语） e.g. If I am not busy tomorrowwill play football with you

2、.（从句作状语） e.g. Havi ng had a quarrel with his wife,he left home in a bad temper.分词作状语）状语从句:状语从句就是在复合句里起状语作用的从句， 可以表示时间、地点、原因、 目的、结果、让步、比较、方式、条件等。引导状语从句的连词叫做从属连词 状语从句的位置可以在句首，也可以在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号 与主句隔开；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。If it ' s fine tomorrow, I wgo with you.I will go with you if it's fine to

3、morrow.状语从句分类：1、时间状语从句2、地点状语从句 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 5、结果状语从句 6、条件状语从句 7、让步状语从句&比较状语从句9、方式状语从句时间状语从句从属连词：whe n, while, as, before, after, till/un til, sin ce, when ever, as soon as（一就）时态：主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现、When/while/as (当时候)区别：主句动作与从句动作发生的时间（同时/之前/之后）;从句动词（延续性/瞬时性）1) When:when引导时间状语从句时表示 当的时候” when既可以指

4、时间段也可指时间点，从句中既可用延续性动词又可用瞬间性动词，且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。且when引导的时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）e.g. I will call you whe n I get there.e.g. Whe n I came home my wife was cook ing dinner.e.g. I will go home whe n the rain stops.e.g. Whe n I got to the air port, the guests had left.A）如果 when引导的时间状语从句的主语与

5、主句主语相同，而从句的谓语又是be动词时，那么从句中的主语和 be可以省略;e.g. Whe n (you are) in trouble, ask her for help.B）当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，往往还可以省略从句的主语并用“ when分词”的形式替代该状语从句。e.g. When I came in to the room (=Whe n coming into the room), I found him lyi ng there aslee p.2) While动作同时持续地进行，用于这一用法时 while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续

6、性动词，或者强调主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中，此时主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词。记住，从句中始终是延续性 动词，且从句多用进行时态。（while还可以表示对比，译成“然而”，放在句 首可以表示“虽然”）e.g. I met her while I was at school.e.g. While I was slee ping, the UFO arrived.e.g. We were doing our homework while it was raining outside.e.g. Study while you study; p lay while you p lay.

7、3) Asas引导时间状语从句时表示 “当时”（只引导瞬间性动词，两个动作是紧密联系的，一前一后进行），“一边一边”，侧重表示两个动作同时发生（包括一个主语同时进行两个动作），“随着”，一种动作随着另一种 动作的变化而变化从句中只能接延续动词。e.g. He jumps as he goes along.e.g. As the wind rose the no ise in creased.When, while , as 辨析】三者均可以表示 当时候”，如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句表示的是延续性动作（主短从延），三者可以通用。I met Mr Li as / whe n / while

8、 I was walk ing along the street.(1) While意为 在期间”，从句的谓语必须是延续性动词。The plane had left whe n we got to the air port.（2）表示带有规律性的 每当”，或者主从句动作有先后时，都只能用when.Whe n win ter comes, it becomes cold.（3）表示 随着”时间的推移，主从句的内容是两种变化的情况，只能用as.As the day went on, the weather got worse.(4) 强调主句动作延续到从句所指的整个时间，只能用while.【巩固练

9、习】1) I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towelI heard the ste ps.A. whileB. whe nC. sinceD. after2) He was about halfway through his meala familiar voice came to his ears.A. whyB. whereC. whe nD. while3) We were swimming in the lakesudde niy the storm started.A

10、. whe nB. whileC. un tilD. before4) I ' m going to the post office.you ' re there, can you get me some stamps?A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If5) IA. went; was occurri ngB. went; occurredC. was going; occurredD. was going; had occurred答案BCABC、Before/afterbefore 引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前常翻译为在“之前”

11、“才”或“就”e.g. See me before you leave.e.g. Before they drive any of the buses, they will have to p ass a sp ecial test.after引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后e.g. I saw them after I arrived.e.g. I found his pen after he has left.along the street look ing for a p lace to park whe n the accide nt【巩固练习】He was tol

12、d that it would be at least three more mon thshe could recover andreturn to work.A. whe nB. beforeC. sinceD. thatIt was some timewe realized the truth.A. whenB. untilC. sinceD. before三、Till/until/notuntil1、肯定句：till和until这两个词作连词和介词时的意义和用法相同，一般可以换用（放在句首时通常用until的形式，till在口语中更为常见）。主句的谓语动词必须是持续性的，表示到为止”直

13、到才（开始）”e.g. Walk till you come to a white house.e.g. We didn t discuss the problem until he came back.才”2、否定句：Not until,主句的谓语动词则为短暂性的，表示 直到若主句谓语动词为延续性动词，根据上下文可表示“没有到”He didn'wait until/ till I returned.他没有等到我回来。notun til的三种用法:1）用在句中的基本用法 e.g. He did not app ear un til the con cert en ded.2）与that

14、搭配的强调结构 e.g. It was not un til the con cert en ded that he app eared.3）用于句首的倒装结构主句倒装 e.g. Not un til the con cert en ded did he app eared.【巩固练习】1) It is difficult for us to lear n a less on in lifewe've actually hadA. un til B. after C. since D. whe n2) A good storyteller must be able to hold hi

15、s liste ners'curiosityhe reend of the story.A. whe n B. uni ess C. after D. un til3) I don ' t really work here; Iun til the new secretary arrives.A. just help out B. have just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help out四、SinceSi nee引导的时间状语从句表示自从以来”需注意以下两1）引导时间状语从句时，一般指的是从过去的某一时间

16、点以来”的概念，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。从句用一般过去时，主句用完成时。e.g. I have n ever see n him aga in since he left here.e.g. They have bee n frie nds ever since they were in school.2）若表示到过去某一时间前的情况，则主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。通搭配为it was+时间段+since过去完成时或it is+时间段+sinee过去时 e.g. It is two years since I became a p ostgraduate stude nt.e.g.

17、It was three years since we had bee n there.3）延续性动词相反翻译，瞬间性动词正常翻译It is three years since I smoked a cigar.我 不抽烟三年了。It is three years si nee I left there. 我离开那里已经三年了。【巩固练习】1)Theyfriends since they met in Shanghai.A. have made B. have become C. have bee n D. have turned 2) What was the party like?I en

18、jo yed myself so much.Wonderful. It ' s been 2 yearsA. afterB. beforeC. whe nD. since五、“就” as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment,the minute, the instant, no soonerthan, hardly/ scarcelywhen和 once 1)as soon as表示对将来事情进行推测（用一般现在时表示将来）对过去事情进行陈述，表示两个动作同时进行或一前一后2) no soonerthan和 har

19、dlywhen因为没有表达一种条件性，只能对过去事情进行陈述时态方面：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时倒装同时满足三点：否定词提前、主倒从不倒、部分倒装（be、助、情提到主语之前）。I had hardly got home whe n it bega n to rain.Hardly had I got home whe n it bega n to rain.我一到家天就下起雨来。【课后练习】1. It was quietthose big trucks started coming through the tcnviLA. before B. after C. until D. unl

20、ess2. It seemed only secondsthe boy finished washing his face.A. when B. before C. after D. even if3, Hardly had he reached the school gatethe bell rang.A. while B. when C. as D. as soon as4.We were told that we should follow the main roadwe reached the central railway station.A. whenever B. until C

21、. while D. wherever5.1 recognized youI saAv you at the airport.A. the moment B. while C. after D. once6. He was about to go to bedthe doorbell rang.A. while B, as C. before D. whenI listen to your advice, I get into trouble.A. Every tune B. When C. While D. UntilJohn was watching TV, his ivife u'

22、;as cooking.A. As B. As soon as C. While D. Till9. The children ran away from the orchard（果园）they saw the guard.A. the moment B. after C. before D. as10, No sooner had I anived homeit began to rain.d whenB. wbile C. as D. than11. Several weeks had gone byI realized the painting was missing.IZItas B_

23、 before C. since D. whenlong before vethe result of the experimentA. will not be; will know B, is; 411 know C” will not be know D. is; know13. -What was the party like?-Wonderful. TVs yearsI enjoyed myself so much.d after B. before C. when D. since14. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as sheA. will arrivE B, arrhes C_ is going to arrive D. is arriving15.got into the r