状语从句表格

1、状语从句状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词或句子。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。种类从属连词例句说 明时 间状 语从 句whe nwheneverWhen 1 came into the room, hewas writing a letter.当我进屋时，他正在写信。We shall go there whe never weare free.我们什么时间有空，我们就去 那里。whe n指的是“某一具体 的时间”。whenever指的是“在任 何一个不具体的时间”。比较 并列连词whe nI was walking along the stre

2、etwhensudde nlysome one patted me on theshoulder from beh ind.我正在街上走着，这时忽然有 人从后面拍我的肩膀。when意为这时 或在 那个时候”，可以看作是 并列句，这种用法的whe n分句一般位于句 末。whileWhile it was rai ning, they wentout.天下雨的时候，他们出去了。I stayed while he was away.他不在的时候我在。All of us are work ing hardwhilehe is sleep in g.（然而： 并列连词）while指“在某一段时 间里”，

3、“在期间”，while引导的动作必须 是持续性的。asHe hurried home, looking behind as he went.他赶快回豕，边走边向后 看。As time goes by, I like Chinabetter.随着时间的流逝，我越来越喜 欢中国。as（边.一边）引导 持续性动作，强调主句 和从句的动作同时发 生；随着。beforeBe a pupil before you become ateacher.i before译为“在之 前，才，就”1、时间状语从句4、目的状语从句7、方式状语从句2 、地点状语从句5 、结果状语从句8 让步状语从句3 、原因状语从句6

4、、条件状语从句9、比较状语从句先做学生，再做先生。I fini shed my task before I wenthome.我做完作业才回家。afterHe arrived after the gamestarted.比赛幵始后，他到了。till un tilWe waited till(un til)hecame back .我们一直等到他回来。She didnt stop working untileleven oclock .她到11点钟才停止工作。Un til he had passed out of sight,she stood there.她站在那里看着，直到看不见 他的身影。

5、如主句动词是持续性动 作，常用肯定式，表示“直到为止”； 如主句 动词是瞬间动词，要用 否定式，表示直才“在以前不”，从句放 在句首表示强调，般用untilsin ceGreat changes have taken placein China since 1978.自从1978年以来中国发生了 巨大的变化。主句动词应为持续性 的，从句动词为瞬间的。 状语从句在主句之前时 般用逗号与主句分 幵，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。as soon ashardlywhen nosoonerthan themoment, thein sta nt, thesecond,immediately,dir

6、ectly,in sta ntlyAs soon as I arrive in Shanghai, Ill write to you.我到上海就给你与信。I had hardly got home whe n itbega n to rain.我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home whe n itbega n to rain.No sooner had we got to the stationtha n thetrai nleft.我们刚到车站，火车就走了。Hardly had we beg un whe n wewere told to stop.我们刚幵始就

7、被叫停。The mome ntl heard the song, Ifelt cheerful.我听到这首歌，就感到很愉hardlywhen和nosoonerthan的意义相 当于as soon as,但只 表示过去发生的事情， 主句为过去完成时，从 句为过去时，如hardly或no sooner位于句首 时语气强，而且主句的 谓语要用部分倒装。快every time,each timelast time nexttime by thetime,Every time I traveled by boat, Igot seasick.我每次乘船都晕船。Next time you come ,yo

8、ull seehim.下次你来的时候，就会见到 他。在时间状语从句中，不 能用将来时或过去将来 时，而要用般现在时 或一般过去时代替将来 时。地 占八、状 语从 句wherewhereverWhere there is a will, there is away.有志者，事竟成。Where there is water there is life.哪里有水，哪里就有生命。You are free to go wherever youwant to.你可以随意到你喜欢的任何 地方去。Wherever you go, you must obeythe law.无论你去哪都要遵守法律。where与w

9、herever意义 基本相同，但后者语气 较强，多用于书面语。原 因状 语从 句becauseI came back late yesterdaybecause I was on duty.昨天我回来晚了，因为我值 班。because用来回答why的问题，语气最强一般 放在主句之后sin ceSince every oneis here,lets beg in our meeti ng.既然大家都到了，我们幵始幵 会。si nee表示既然或全已 知的理由，稍加分析即可 表明的原因，多放句首as比较： 并列连词forAs he didnt know muchEn glish, he looked

10、 up the wordin the dicti onary .由于他英语懂得不多，他在字 典中查阅这个单词。It must have rained last ni ght,for the gro und isstill wet.昨天疋下过雨，地还湿呢。从句常放在句首，说明 次要的原因，主句说明 结果，常用于口语中。for连接的是并列句。now that,see inqNow (that) the weather hascleared up, we can start ourcon sider ing that, see ing(that), nowthat,consideri n gthat

11、,jour ney.鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以 启程了。Seeing (that) he was badly ill, wesent for the doctor.鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去 请医生去了。that和since意义相 似，都有“鉴于某个事 实”的意思，that可以 省去。目的状语从句so that inorder thatlest = forfear thatI shall writedown yourteleph one nu mber so that I maynot forget.我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。We ll tell you the truth so t

12、hat youcan judge for yourself.我把真实情况告诉你，以便你 能自己做出判断。They worked harder than usualin order that they could finish thework ahead of time.他们比往常更加努力工作，为 了能提前完成工作。Put on more clothes lest (= forfear that ) youshouldcatch cold.多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。目的状语从句中常用情 态动词may (might) can(could) ,should等放在动词之前，从句往往 放在主句之后，主从句

13、 之间不用任何标点符 号。注意so that和in order that与so as to和in order to的转换。结果状语从句,so thatsothatWe tur ned up the radio, so thatevery oneheard then ews.我们把收音机的音量放大，结 果大家都听到了新闻。He was so excited that he couldnt say a word.他十分激动，以致一句话都说 不出来。so that前有逗号为结 果状语从句。sothat的so后面跟形容词或副词，但是何 时接名词？suchthatHe gave such importa

14、 nt reasonsthathe wasexcused.他说出了这么重要 的理由，得到大家的谅解。It is such an interestingsuchthat的such后 面跟名词，如果名词是单数就要用such a/anthat还可以转换 用sothat，语气较强novel that all of us want to readit.It is so interestinga novelthat all of us want to read it.这疋本十分有意思的书，大 家都想看。条 件状 语从 句ifuni ess as/solong asin case so/asfar asDi

15、fficultiesare nothing ifwe are not afraid of them.如果我们不怕困难，困难就算 不了什么了。We shall go there tomorrow uniess it rains.除非下雨，否则我们明天就去 那里。=Weshall go there tomorrow if itdoesnt rain.So long as you work hard, youwill succeed.只要努力，你就会成功。只要你努力工作，你就定能 成功。In case I forget,pleaseremind me about it .万我忘了，请提醒我下。So

16、far as I know, the book willbepublishednextmon th.据我所知，那本书下月出版。unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和ifnot同义，unless是书面语，if not是 口语，通常二者可以换用。条件状语从句中的谓语 动词的时态一般要用现 在时或过去时代替般 将来时或过去将来时。方 式状 语从 句asas ifas thoughDraw a cat as I taught youyesterday.按照我昨天教你的画只猫。Do as you are told to.按照人家告诉你做的去做。She looks as if she is i

17、ll.看上去她好像是生病了。He acted as if (though) nothinghad happe ned.他的行动就好像什么也没有 发生。They treat the black boy as此处as译为，按照或正 如as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样。从句中可以用现在时表 示可能符合事实，也可 以用虚拟语气。让 步状 语从 句if (though) he were an an imal.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是 一头牲口。thoughalthoughAlthough (Though) he was oversixty,(yet)hebega n to lear n

18、 Fre nch.虽然他六十多岁了，但仍幵始 学习法语。We were not tired though(although)we had workedall day.虽然我们干了天活，但并不 累。在句子中一般用了“虽 然”就不能再用“但是”(but)但可以与yet或still连用。though / although意义相同，用 法基本一样，前者通俗， 口语化，后者正式多放 主句的前面。even if eve nthoughIll go even if (though) it rai nstomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也要去。even if和even though的意思为“即使” “纵 使”

19、有退一步设想的意 味，多用于书面语中。asChild as he is , he knows a lot .虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得 很多。Cold as it is, (= Though it iscold,)the childre n play outdoors.虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户 外玩。Try as you might, you cantcatch me.尽管努力， 你也抓 不到我。as引出的状语从句多用 于书面语，它比用though或although弓丨导的从句，语气强，更 有表现力，从句常放在 句首，语序部分倒装。no matter(who, whatwhe n, wher

20、ewhich,how )Do it no matter what others say.不管别人怎么说，尽管干。No matter how busy he was, hestudiedEnglisheveryday.不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学 习英语。No matter who takes up thematter for me ,I shall be verygrateful.no matter .与who-ever引导的让步状 语从句意义基本一样，nomatter .引导的从句可是以位于主句前 或主句后。不管谁为我处理这件事，我都 将非常感激。wh ever(whateverwhoever

21、wheneverwhicheverhowever)Whatever happe ns / may happen , we shall not lose heart.无论发生什么，我们都不要失 去信心。Whoever comes, he will bewelcome.无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。wh ever从句中的动词 有时可以和may连用。判断wh ever引导的 是状语从句还是名词性 从句的一点是，名词性 从句，主句中定有 个成分要在从句担任，般从句与主句之间没 有逗号。不可将no matter与whever连用比 较状 语从 句asas notso/asasthesameassuchasMa

22、ry is as old as my sister.玛利和我姐姐一样大。He doesnt run so (as) fast asJack (does).他不如杰克跑得那样快。His book is the same as mine.他的书和我的一样。Henry is not such a good workeras Peter.享利这个工人不如彼得那样 好。连词表示同程度级的比 较，肯定句用as-as否 定句可用not asas或not soastha nShe has made greater progressthis year than she did last year.她今年比去年进步更大。He bought fewer books tha nI (did).他买的书比我买的少。He runs less fast t