被动语态 (3)

1、被动语态被动语态 the Passive Voice 英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动语态主动语态 (the Active Voice)被动语态被动语态(the Passive Voice)被动语态（一）英语中有两种语态，英语中有两种语态，主动语态主动语态（the active voice)和和被动被动语态语态(the passive voice)含义：含义：主动语态表示主动语态表示主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者， 被动语态表示被动语态表示主语主语是动作的是动作的承受者承受者。e.g. 主动句主动句: Tom breaks the cup. 被动句：被动句：the cup i

2、s broken by Tom. 当主动句变为被动句时，原来的宾语变为主语，原来的当主动句变为被动句时，原来的宾语变为主语，原来的主语变为介词主语变为介词by的宾语，同时动词由主动语态变为的宾语，同时动词由主动语态变为被动语态。被动语态。( 主语主语+be动词动词+p.p（即过去分词）即过去分词）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。例如：例如： This shirt is made of cotton. Englis

3、h is spoken in Canada.A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者执行者。B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的被动语态表示主语是动作的接受者接受者。我每天阅读这本书。我每天阅读这本书。I read the book every day.这本书每天被我阅读。这本书每天被我阅读。The book read by me every day.is主语主语+amis are +P.P. +by sb.Active voice and Passive voiceMany people speak English. English is spoken by many peop

4、le. S V.O.动作执行者动作执行者动作动作动作接受者动作接受者动作执行者动作执行者动作动作动作接受者动作接受者主语主语+amis are +P.P. +by sb.1. 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成动作动作接受者接受者amisare+及物动词及物动词的过去分词的过去分词主语主语+ (by+动作执行者）动作执行者）动作动作执行者执行者动作动作This sweater is used for keeping warm.You are wanted on the phone.The Great Wall is visited by many foreigners every year.一般现在

5、时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+及物动词及物动词的过去分词的过去分词 wanted stayed studied carried closed smiled preferred planned肯定句肯定句: 主语主语+be+过去分词过去分词+(by-)否定句否定句: 主语主语+be not+过去分词过去分词+(by-)一般疑问句一般疑问句:Be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+(by-)?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+(by-)?被动语态的句型总结如下：被动语态的句型总结如下：1. The boy is called Jack.

6、The boy isnt called Jack. Is the boy called Jack? Yes, he is. No, he isnt. What is the boy called?2. The baby is looked after by his father.3. French and English are spoken in Canada. What languages are spoken in Canada?下面我们来看一些具体的例子：下面我们来看一些具体的例子：否否疑疑特特那么，什么时候试用被动语态呢？那么，什么时候试用被动语态呢？一般来说，被动语态用于一下几一般

7、来说，被动语态用于一下几种情况：种情况：2. 被动语态的用法被动语态的用法1）要表达）要表达 “被被.”、 “受受.”、 “遭遭.”、 “让让.”之类的语义。如：之类的语义。如：教师很受人尊敬。教师很受人尊敬。Teachers are well respected.这孩子很招人喜爱。这孩子很招人喜爱。The child is well loved by people.2）强调动作接受者。如：）强调动作接受者。如：他远近闻名。他远近闻名。He is known far and wide.3）不知道或者没有必要指出动作）不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者。如：的执行者。如：房子每天有人打扫。房子每

8、天有人打扫。The room is cleaned every day.Exercises: (用所给词的正确形式填空用所给词的正确形式填空)1.What _this _(call) in English?2.The desk _( make) of wood.3.His name is Jimmy, we _(call) him Jim.4.The bottle _(fill) with water.5.The clothes _(use) for keeping warm6.Do you know who _(make) this machine?7.Some Christmas pres

9、ents _(put) on the tree. is called is madecall is filled are usedmade are put1. People use knives for cutting thingsKnives are used for cutting things2. People use metal for making machines.Metal is used for making machines.3.They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou.Silk is produced in Suzhou and Ha

10、ngzhou.4. They speak English in Canada.English is spoken in Canada.把下面的句子转换成被动语态把下面的句子转换成被动语态5. They write business letters in English. Business letters are written in English.6. They make computers in the USA. Computers are made in the USA.7. They grow rice in South China. Rice is grown in South Ch

11、ina.8. They plant many trees in North China. Many trees are planted in North China.被动语态被动语态1. Jackson is bitten by a dog. A dog bites Jackson.2. He cleans the blackboard every day. The blackboard is cleaned by him every day.3. Many boys love football. Football is loved by many boys.4. The lovely chi

12、cken is killed by a fat boy. A fat boy kills a lovely chicken.Language practice被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态主动语态主动语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态主动语态主动语态主动语态主动语态1.Most of the farm work_by machines in the USA. A is done B are done C is doing2. Computers _ to search the internet. A use B are using C are used3.Chinese _

13、 by more and more people. A speak B is spoken C are spoken4. Maria _ at 6:30 by her mother every day. A wakes up B woke up C is woken up 5. Trees and flowers _ every year. A. are planted B plant C is planted CBACA1. The blackboard _(clean) every day.2. The old _(respect) in China.3. _ the camera _ (

14、make) in Japan?4. English _(teach) in most middle schools in China.5. He _often_ (hurt) by his classmates. is cleanedare respectedIs made is taught is hurt1.Justin always cleans the classroom after school. The classroom by Justin after school.2.The Greens often read the magazines in the morning. The

15、 magazines by the Greens in the morning.3.She calls maths the language of science. the language of science by her.is always cleanedare often readMaths is called 自我提高题自我提高题（翻译）（翻译）1.书本影响他的行为。书本影响他的行为。2.老师受学生的尊重。老师受学生的尊重。3.小猫没有天天被照顾。小猫没有天天被照顾。4.这女孩招人喜欢吗？这女孩招人喜欢吗？5.这只小猪叫什么？这只小猪叫什么？自我提高题自我提高题（翻译）（翻译）1.书本影响他的行为。书本影响他的行为。 主：主： 被：被：2.老师受学生的尊重。老师受学生的尊重。 Teachers are resp