初中英语宾语从句复习课件1

1、Mainly RevisionObject Clauses宾语从句一教学任务一教学任务 复习宾语从句复习宾语从句 二教学重点二教学重点 1.1.宾语从句的概念宾语从句的概念 2. 2.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词 3.3.宾语从句中的语序宾语从句中的语序 4.4.宾语从句的时态变化宾语从句的时态变化 3教学难点教学难点 1. if与与whether的区别的区别 2. when与与if 引导的宾语从句和状语从句引导的宾语从句和状语从句 3.宾语从句与简单句的互换宾语从句与简单句的互换 We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓

2、v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句 一 什么 是宾语从句？试比较Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets find out whats on to

3、night .Find out the Object Clauses We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .2.由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。充当句子成份。e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is ?（谁的，作定语）（谁的，作定语） 2)Could you tell me why t

4、he train is late? （为（为什么，作状语）什么，作状语） 3)He asked who could answer the question.（谁，（谁，作主语）作主语） 注：注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能充在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.1.由从属连词由从属连词that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句二二 .宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词3.由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g

5、. I want to know if/whether she is right . They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not . if/whether 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 表示表示“是否是否”之义，在句中之义，在句中不充当句子成份。不充当句子成份。 if/whether可互换可互换,但但whetheror not为固定搭配为固定搭配.看一看：看一看：I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.If it rains ,Ill stay at home. I want to know when he

6、 will come back.When he comes back, please tell me.想一想：想一想：when和和if 可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么特可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么特点？点？whenwhen和和if if 既可以引导既可以引导宾语从句宾语从句，也可以引导，也可以引导状语从句状语从句。在宾语。在宾语从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循主将从现主将从现的的原则原则。If 与whether 的区别1. I dont know _ he will come or not.2. I dont care of _

7、 he is handsome.3. He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4. _ he will come is not decided. 与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether引导主语从句时只能用引导主语从句时只能用whether/放句首时放句首时Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me

8、if I could get to the bus station on time.三三. . 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，主语在前，谓语在后谓语在后”的顺序。的顺序。改一改改一改 将下列问句变成陈述句。 1. Can he swim ? swim . 2. Does he have a pen ? a pen . 3. Which place did he go to ? Which place . 4. Whats wrong with you ? . 5

9、. What happened to you ? . 6. Which is the way to the station? . 想一想想一想 为什么4，5，6 语序不变？ He canHe hashe went toWhat happened to youWhats wrong with you 说一说说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。 Which is the way to the station Can you tell me/I want to know/I wonder/Please tell me?e.g. Can y

10、ou tell me if/whether he can swim?四四.宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化I hear (that)Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago.Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow .Jim ( sing )a popular song now.Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn

11、 )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester. 填一填填一填wasiswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）（需要性原则）2.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互从而达到主句和从

12、句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）一致。（呼应性原则）1) He will go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.1) He to Hong Kong .2) He sick.3) He a book . 4) HeHe said辨一辨辨一辨would go waswas reading his work.had finished 确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般

13、现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时 3. 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）现在时态。（特殊性原则）He told me (that) Summer is after Spring .I was told

14、(that)the sun is much bigger than the moon. My parents told me (that) no news is good news.比一比比一比比一比 I dont know where I should go. Tell me how I can do it. I dont know where to go. Tell me how to do it. 你有什么发现？ 结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 疑问词 + to do 的简单句。 条件：(1). 主主从主 (2). 主(间间)宾从主练一练1.I dont know what I

15、 shall do next .(变为简单句） I dont know next .2.John didnt decide which book he would buy .(变为简单句） John didnt decide .3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(变为复合句） Can you tell me the bus stop ?4.Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(变为复合句） Can you tell Lucy the MP5. 五.宾语从句与简单句的转换What to dowhich

16、 book to buyhow I can get to how she can use六、宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I dont think he will come to my party. 而不能说成I think he wont come to my party.我认为他不会来我的舞会.I dont believe that man is killed by

17、 Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词, 其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是? .Find out the mistakes and correct them.1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student.3 He told me that winter was cold

18、er than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is? wasiswhose七七. .课堂检测课堂检测1. Could you tell me ? A. where the twins were B. where the twins are C where are the twins 2. A: Do you know ?B: Yes , he came here by train . A. when he came here B. if he will come here C. why he came here D. how he came here3.Sh

19、e says she English for ten years .A. learned B. has learned C. was learning D. have learned4. The teacher told us that the earth round .A. was B. is C. will be D. would be 5. Tell me . A. what wrong is with him B. whats wrong to him C. what the matter is with him D. whats the matter with him6. My fr

20、iend asked me .A. who is the girl B. who the girl wasC. who was the girl D. who the girl. Choose the right answers.BDBBDB宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素引导词引导词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句 ） 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句) )时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去

21、进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理客观真理 自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 时态不变时态不变七七.本课小结本课小结1. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 2. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which class D. are you in which

22、class 3. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 4. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 5. Tom asked me _. A. whose

23、 shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was 6. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. wheres the teachers office B. wheres the bus station C. whats she doing D. where the post office is 7. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _. A. she lives where B. she wher

24、e lives C. where she lives D. where does she live 8. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dont know _. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 9. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leav

25、e D. what he said 10. Have you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going 11. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show 12. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried C. how egg fries D. how does egg fry 13. Do you know _? A. what