虚拟语气 (2)

1、虚拟语气虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)语气语气陈述：陈述：祈使：祈使：虚拟：虚拟：所说并非事实，而是想象所说并非事实，而是想象、假定或愿望假定或愿望试比较陈述与虚拟语气：试比较陈述与虚拟语气：1. If he comes, tell him to wait.2. If it rains tomorrow, they will not come.3. (Tom想打电话给想打电话给Ann，但不知道其号码，他说但不知道其号码，他说） If I knew her number, I would telephone her.4. If I were a bird, I would

2、fly in the sky.下达命令下达命令, ,提出要求（祈使句）提出要求（祈使句）叙述事实，提出疑问（陈述叙述事实，提出疑问（陈述, ,疑问疑问, ,感叹句）感叹句）虚拟语气的用法：虚拟语气的用法：（一）条件状语从句（一）条件状语从句1. If I had time, I would attend the meeting.2. If I were you, I should go abroad.3. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.4. If you came tomorrow, we w

3、ould have the meeting.e.g.were to comeshould come（二）（二）wish后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中（三）（三）as if/ though ,if only引导的从句中引导的从句中现在：现在：过去：过去：将来：将来：一般过去时一般过去时(were/did)过去完成时过去完成时(had done)could/would/might/should +doe.g.1. I wish that I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.2. I wish that I had met that film s

4、tar yesterday.3. She talks to me as if she were my sister.4. It looks as if our team will win.（四）（四）would rather(宁愿宁愿)后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中现在现在/将来：将来：过去：过去：一般过去时一般过去时(were/did)过去完成时过去完成时(had done)e.g.1. Id rather you paid me now.2. Id rather you painted the wall green next time.3. If only I had taken his a

5、dvice.（五）（五）Its (high) time that句型句型中中 (做做的时间到了的时间到了)从句谓语动词用从句谓语动词用过去式过去式或或should +doe.g.Its (high) time (that) we left (should leave).（ 六）六）在四类词之后的名词性从句中，在四类词之后的名词性从句中，谓语动词为谓语动词为should +do (should可以省略可以省略)：命令：建议：要求：坚持：order commandsuggest, advise, propose, recommend(suggestion) (advice) (proposal)

6、demand, desire, request, requireinsiste.g. 1. The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.2. The doctors order is that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.3. The doctors order that she (should) stay in bed for a few days is right.试比较：试比较：2. His pale face suggested that he _ (

7、be) ill.1. The doctor suggested that she _ (stay) in bed .staywas2. We insisted that he _ (go) with us.1. He insisted that he _ (be) right.gowas虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 在主语从句中在主语从句中虚拟语气虚拟语气含蓄虚拟含蓄虚拟 特例特例If it hadnt been your help, we .(错综时间）混合虚拟错综时间）混合虚拟 特例特例If I had attended the meeting yesterday, I shoul

8、d know what to know do now.If I had attended the meeting yesterday, I would have met her.If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(现在-过去）He would have taken part in the party, But he was busy. (事实-假设）倒装虚拟倒装虚拟 特例特例Were it Sunday, We would be free.= Should he come, what should we say to him?Had he worked harder, he wound have passed his examinationIf it were = If he should If he had worked 虚拟语气虚拟语气We suggest that you (s