高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit_2

1、高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（上）综合教程（上）INTEGRATED COURSE2UNIT 2ART OF THE TABLE Content Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final ProjectTask 1 Chinese cuisine has become widespread in many parts of the worldfrom East Asia to North America, Australia to Western Europe.

2、Regional cultural differences vary greatly among the different regions of China, giving rise to the different styles of food. There are eight main regional cuisines: Anhui, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Sichuan and Zhejiang. Work in pairs to choose two different regional cuisines with

3、 which you are familiar from the eight alternatives above. Compare them by discussing the ingredients, preparation, flavors etc. (P35)Whats your favorite dish? Why? How is it prepared?Task 2 With the ever-widening opening up to the outside world, Western practices exert some influence, yet they have

4、 not really changed the eating habits of the Chinese people. (P35)Do you think globalization will have an effect on traditional Chinese eating habits? If so, why and how? If not, why not?Task 3 Discuss with your partner the following questions. Globalization is everywhere. In the food industry, we s

5、ee that giants such as KFC and McDonalds have entered Chinese market and established many franchises in major Chinese cities. (P35) Do you often eat Western style fast food in KFCs or McDonalds? If yes, what do you think of the food served there? If not, why not? Some people worry that the popularit

6、y of the Western style fast food among Chinese people, young people in particular, will give rise to a decline in the popularity of traditional Chinese food, such as, the steamed bun. (P35) Do you agree? Why or why not? Apart from American fast food and hotel buffets, what do you know about western

7、eating habits?Task 3 With all these new choices, we must use food pyramid guide to make _. This most important group is made up of all food _. But vegetable group also includes carrots, potatoes and other_. _is rich in protein, vitamins and minerals including calcium. _is the smallest part. healthy

8、food selectionmade from whole grainsslightly edible plantsDairy food The tip of the pyramid Food PyramidListen carefully to an audio clip about food pyramid and complete the blank-filling exercise.Culinary Delights in China Global Understanding 2Detailed Information3Critical Thinking4Language Points

9、5Vocabulary in Action6Background Information1Listen to a dialogue on Food and Restaurants, and complete the gap-filling exercise. 1. If you want a hamburger, hotdog or fried potato, you can go to those _ or _.2. But remember, if you choose to stay there enjoying your food, you should _ after finishi

10、ng the meal.3. And if you want some vegetables, you can go to the _ on the street.4. In diners or coffee shops, you can order food of various levels according to _ and _.5. Finally, using _ are the easiest way to solve your food problem. You can find anything in it.refreshment stands snack bars pay

11、some tips salad bars your own preference economic statusvending machines Global Understanding2Local Chinese cuisines3Every dish has a story4Warmth and hospitalityexpressed by food(Paras. 2-5)(Paras. 6-11)(Paras. 12-15)Sichuan cuisine:_the use of Chinese prickly ash seeds and other spices like chili

12、pepper Global Understandingdelicious yet economicalfamous for its spicy and hot food Guangdong cuisine:with its _ _ _B. famous for _ _C. _Global Understandingown characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China and the worldits seafood as well as for its originality

13、and refined cooking processesoffering various soupsZhejiang cuisine:A. _B. _Global Understandinglight and exquisitewith the refreshing flavors of natureGlobal UnderstandingGoubuli:A. Goubuli steamed buns _.B. They were _. Dongpo Meat:A. _, a greatpoet of the Northern SongDynasty.B. _. first sold in

14、Tianjin about 150 years ago so popular that the owner had no time to answer his customersThis dish was named after Su DongpoHe rewarded workers with stewed pork in soy sauceGlobal UnderstandingBuddha Jumping over the Wall:This dish was created in the _.B. It is prepared _.C. _. Gathering Spring Gard

15、en in Fuzhou, Fujian, during the reign of Qing Emperor Guangxu.with more than 20 main ingredientsA poet wrote a poem for the dishGlobal UnderstandingEating habits have not changed.A. The old and young _.B. Elders _.C. The hostess or host _.D. Every one_. sit in order of seniority select food for the

16、 young and the young make toasts to the eldersapportions the dishes to treat gueststakes into consideration the needs of the groupGlobal UnderstandingSpecial food for social festivals:A. _.B. _.C. _.Jiaozi for the Spring FestivalYuanxiao for the Lantern FestivalZongzi for Duanwu FestivalTask 2Choose

17、 the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text. (P 43) Detailed Information Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-CDABDBBDABCritical ThinkingReading Focus1. Every dish has a story. In the text there are three stories about names: Goubuli steamed buns, Dongpo Meat and Buddha

18、Jumping over the Wall. Tell the story behind a famous dish with which youre familiar.How about “过桥米线”？Reading FocusCritical ThinkingReading FocusCritical Thinking2. “The names of some dishes are so eccentric that they may confuse people, both Chinese and foreigners. If you only translate the names l

19、iterally with no explanation, you could make a fool of yourself.” Do you agree? Provide examples to support or argue against the authors point.How about “蚂蚁上树”？Reading FocusCritical Thinking3. Some people say that you are what you eat. In the text, the author believes that culinary customs have had

20、a certain influence on the character of the Chinese people. Do you agree or not? Draw on your personal experience or come up with facts to support your opinion.Reading FocusCritical Thinking4. Now more and more Chinese also celebrate Western festivals. With the popularity of Western festivals in Chi

21、na. Do you think that Chinese people will be less concerned about what food they eat at festivals? Back up your opinion with examples.1. Sichuan, known as Natures Storehouse, is also a storehouse of cuisine. Here, each and every restaurant provides delicious yet economical culinary fare. (Para. 3) f

22、are: (n.) 1) food, especially food served in a restaurant or eaten on a special occasion e.g. traditional Christmas fare 2) the price you pay to travel somewhere by bus, train, plane etc. e.g. Air fares have shot up by 20%.Language Point 2. Guangdong Province is located in southern China, with a mod

23、erate climate and abundant produce all year round. (Para. 4) moderate: (adj.) neither very big nor very small, very hot nor very cold, very fast nor very slow etc 中等的，适度的中等的，适度的 moderate exercise 适度的运动 a moderate income 过得去的收入 have moderate success 大致还算成功 at a moderate speed 以适中的速度 “produce”, used a

24、s a noun, means food or other things that have been grown or produced on a farm to be sold e.g. fresh local produce 新鲜特产 dairy produce 奶产品 Language Point 3. Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River. (Para. 5) light: (adj.) food or alchholic d

25、rink that is light either does not have a strong flavor or is easy to digest e.g. 1) We had a light white wine with the fish. 2) a light, refreshing dessert exquisite: (adj.) extremely beautiful and delicate 精致的；精致的；精美的精美的 e.g. an exquisite hand-painted vase 精致的手绘花瓶精致的手绘花瓶 Language Point 4. Buddha J

26、umping over the Wall was created in a restaurant called Gathering Spring Garden in Fuzhou, Fujian, during the reign of the Qing Emperor, Guangxu (1875-1908). (Para. 11) reign: (n.) the period of time during which someone is king or queen e.g. changes that took place during his reign reign: (v.) to r

27、ule a nation or group of nations as their king, queen, or emperor e.g. George VI reigned from 1936 to 1952.Language Point 5. The elders select food for the young while the young make toasts to the elders. (Para. 12) If you make a toast to someone, you drink something in order to thank them, wish the

28、m luck etc. e.g. Id like to make a toast to the bride and groom. Language Point 6. In China, food eaten during festivals is particularly important. At different festivals, people partake of different fare. (Para. 15) partake of: to eat or drink something that is offered to you e.g. 1) Grandmother li

29、kes to partake of a small glass of sherry before lunch. 2) Will you partake of a glass of wine? Language Point Task 1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence. (P46)Vocabulary in Action Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-ABBCBABCACTask 21. budA. A blossom dev

30、elops from a _.B. In this poem, the _ flower means youth.2. accessA. The only _ to that ancient castle is along a muddy track.B. Users can _ their voice mail remotely.3. tasteA. The medicine had a slightly bitter _.B. There was a lot of hard work before we first _ success.Fill in each of the blanks

31、with an appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning. (P47)Vocabulary in Action bud (n.)budding (adj.)access (n.)access (v.)taste (n.)taste (v.)4. foolA. Katherine was nobodys _ when it came to money.B. Its no good _ yourself. Hes not coming back.5. produceA. The factory _ an incredibl

32、e 100 cars per hour.B. We sell tinned goods and local _.6. garnishA. They _ the room with modern paintings.B. The chicken was served with _of parsley and green onion.7. reignA. The Queen _ but does not rule.B. The kings _ lasted for 30 years.Vocabulary in Action fool (n.)fooling (n.)produces (v.)pro

33、duces (n.)garnish (v.)garnishes (n.)reigns (v.)reign (n.)8. concernA. Environmental protection is a growing _ in China.B. He loved his wife, and _ for her happiness.9. nameA. The building is _ after a successful entrepreneur.B. Could I call you by your first _?10. practiceA. Ive_ playing the piano f

34、or five years.B. It is his_ to take a walk after dinner every evening.Vocabulary in Action concern (n.)concerned (v.)named (v.)name (n.)practiced (v.)practice (n.)Task 3Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary.Vocabulary in Action masterpiece int

35、egrate partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire handintegrationchoicehandedaspiringsteamingVocabulary in Action masterpiecespleasurepartakeamazingpresentedmasterpiece integrate partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire hand 1. 融合法融合法 融合法是指翻译时把主句和定语从句融合成一句简单句，其中的定语从句译成简单句中的谓语部分。由于限制性

36、定语从句与主句关系较紧密，所以，融合法多用于翻译限制性定语从句，尤其是 there be 结构带有定语从句的句型。原句中的主句部分there is a man 翻译成“有人”，然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分。1) There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 楼下有人要见你。楼下有人要见你。2) In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention. 在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣

37、。3) Being OK with risk is something that industry demands. 企业要求员工能承受风险。企业要求员工能承受风险。原句中的主句部分there are many people 翻译成“许多人”，作译文的主语，然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分。与其将从句处理成带“的”的前置定语“接受风险是企业要求的东西”，或是后置的分句“承受风险，那是企业要求的”，都没有将主从句相融合译得更简洁紧凑。 2转换法转换法 有些定语从句从形式上看是定语从句，但从意义上分析却具有状语从句的性质和功能。翻译时应分析原文主句和从句之间的逻辑关系，然后译成相应的分句。1) A

38、s hardworking as Dog was, he could not keep up with demand so his customers often had to wait a long time to be served. 尽管狗子工作非常努力，可他还是无法满足顾客们的需求，尽管狗子工作非常努力，可他还是无法满足顾客们的需求，所以他们只能等很长时间。所以他们只能等很长时间。上例英语定语从句被译成汉语的结果状语从句上例英语定语从句被译成汉语的结果状语从句。2) He would be a rash man who should venture to defy world publ

39、ic opinion and act arbitrarily. 如果有人公然反抗世界公众舆论而一意孤行，他定是个鲁莽如果有人公然反抗世界公众舆论而一意孤行，他定是个鲁莽之徒。之徒。3) I met your mother, who was doing shopping at the supermarket. 你母亲在超市买东西时，我遇见了她。你母亲在超市买东西时，我遇见了她。上例英语定语从句被译成汉语的条件状语从句上例英语定语从句被译成汉语的条件状语从句。这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的时间状语从句这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的时间状语从句。4) He insisted on building

40、another house, which he had no use for. 他坚持要再造一幢房子，尽管他并无此需要。他坚持要再造一幢房子，尽管他并无此需要。5) He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument. 为了证明他的论点，他正在收集确凿的材料。为了证明他的论点，他正在收集确凿的材料。6) I could not recognize her, who had changed so much in the past 10 years. 我几乎认不出她了，因为在过去我几乎认不出她了，因为在过去10 年中，她变得太多

41、了。年中，她变得太多了。这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的让步状语从句这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的让步状语从句。这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的目的状语从句这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的目的状语从句。这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的原因状语从句这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的原因状语从句。Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Paragraph One The decline goes well beyond recent surveys that show growing complaints about mediocre quality

42、and high pricesno small concern in a country where tourisme gastronomique earned 18 billion euros in 2002, a quarter of all tourist revenues. More and more restaurateurs say that government tax and economic policies are limiting their profits, and thereby hurting their capacity to invest and hire mo

43、re staff. They have become ensnarred in the red tape for which France is infamousnot to mention edicts from Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie.Translation for Reference:最近的调查显示越来越多的人抱怨饭菜质量平平，价格昂贵，而法国烹饪的衰落还不止于此。这在法国可不是个小问题，要知道2002年美食旅游为法国创收180 亿欧元，占到全部旅游收入的1/

44、4。越来越多的餐馆老板反映政府的税收和经济政策限制了他们的利润，也就影响了他们投资和雇佣更多人手的能力。束缚他们手脚的是令法国不那么光彩的繁琐拖拉的公事程序，更不要说那些来自欧盟的规定，从销售税到布里乳酪里含细菌的指标统统都在严格的掌控之中。Paragraph Two Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River. One famous dish is West Lake Vinegar Fish, which looks pretty and has the delicate refreshing flavors of nature. Many Chinese restaurants in China, as well as other parts of the world, serve this dish, but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang Province, wh