主谓一致完美版

1、主谓一致主谓一致：指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的人称”和 数”决定谓语动词的变（概念）化。但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据 语法一致意义一致就近原则。语 法致 原 则指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单 数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形 式Steve Ember is a good player.Children like toys.意 义致 原 则指主语形式上为单数.但表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数 形式；或主语形式上为复数.但表示单数 意义,谓语动词用单数形式My family are having lunch now .News is tr

2、avelling fast nowadays .就 近 原 则谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数 形式取决于最靠近它的主语There is a knife and two forks on the deskEither you or he is to go.就 远 原 则即谓语动词与前面的中心词一致The teacher as well as her stude nts likes classical music.由连词连接的名词或代词作主语时的主谓一致问题1. 以and连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语用复数形式如: Doing homework and going to school on time

3、are good habits.物或概念时，谓语用单数注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人,如：The teacher and writer is popular with his stude nts.(区另U： The teacher and the writer are )、就近原则：（即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致）oreither or neither .nor not only but alsonotbut There be 连接的词作主语 +谓语谓语与靠近的主语一致，就叫做就近原则女口： There is a_pen and some books on the tab

4、le.Neither his parents nor he doesn ' Ictok forward to this film.三、就远原则：（即谓语动词与前面的中心词一致 ）名词A +with; together with;along with ； but; except; besides, in cludi ng;as well as; in additi on to, not;rather tha n; like+ 名词B这样的结构做主语，谓语动词仅与A 一致。女口： All students but Tom have stayed here.四、“ of的主谓一致1、分数+

5、of ;百分数 + ofsome of ; half of ;most of ; the rest of ; +名词+谓语作主语时，谓语动词取决于后面名词的数。女口： Two thirds of villagers are willing to go out for work.2、由"a kind of this kind of， ma ny kin ds of 和"名词 +of this kind 等，"以及由与 kind 意义 相似的type, sort, form , part, piece, section等构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词 与of前的名词

6、保持数的一致。如：A kind of birds has been discovered by them .他们发现了一种鸟。A part of the book is not interesting .这本书里有一部分内容没趣。Parts of the book are very instructive .这本书有几部分内容很有教育意义。These are two different forms of the same thing .这些是同一事物两种不同的形式。五、代词作主语时的主谓一致问题1. any, either, neither, none, all, some等作主语时，视其在句

7、中的意义，谓语动词可用作 单数或复数。1） a:当all指 人时，谓语用 复数。（注：all指三者或三者以上）女口：All are about to climb the mountains.（指人）b:当all指物时，谓语用单数。女口：All goes well.（指物）2） a: neither,（两者都不）either （两者中的任一个）作主语时，谓语动词用单数.注：both做主语，谓语用复数。如:Neither of them is at home.Either of these two stude ntsgetsgood grades. |b:作定语与单数名词连用 但neither -

8、nor, either.or.,用作并列连词，可与复数名词连用.其谓语采用就近原则.3）none 无a: none作主语，多与of构成短语none of.在答语中，none可单独使用.b: none作主语，谓语动词单复数均可.但如做表语，则其单复数与表语一致.如: It is none of your bus in ess.4）many a +名词单数，more than one +名词单数作主语时，谓语用单数。但是，more +复数名词+than one,谓语用复数。六、倒装句中的主谓一致在主语和谓语倒装的句子中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如：On the wall are some

9、 famous paintings .墙上有一些著名的画。Between the two windows hangs a picture .两扇窗户间有一幅画。七、主语从句中的主谓一致1一个主语从句作主语相当于第三人称单数作主语，谓语动词用单数；2如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词用复数；3由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。八、名词作主语时应注意的几个问题(一) 、下列情况谓语常用单数：1、 表时间，距离，金额，重量，数字等的复数名词作 整体”看时，女口： Two hours is quite eno ugh.2、 表学科的名词(physics)、书报名

10、(the Times)、国名(the Uni ted States)或组织 名称(the Uni ted Natio ns)及 n ews3、名词有each, every, no修饰时被and /or连接时，即使有多个并列的主语， 仍看作单数形式，谓语用单数女口： .Every desk and every chair is made of wood.4、表示数量的“ one and a half复数名词"作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式。如：One and a half bananas is left on the table .桌子上还剩有一个半香蕉。One and a half h

11、ours is eno ugh .个半小时足够了。(二) 、下列情况谓语常用复数1、the Olympic Games奥林匹克运动会女口： The Olympic Games are held in every four years.2、 有的名词表示的是由两个对称的部分构成的物品。女口： trousers, glasses, shoes,gloves, shorts, scissors等，这类名词作主语时，谓语常用复数但如果其前有a pair of, a kind of修饰时，则应被看作单数形式，谓语常用单数3. the +形容词/过去分词”表示一类人4表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以-s ”结尾的

12、专有名词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。如：The Philippines are in the Pacific Ocean .菲律宾群岛位于太平洋。Rocky Mountains stand in the west of North America .（三）、集体名词 作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：1）people, police, cattle等名词，谓语常用复数2）family, class, government， audienee, class, committee, enemy 等名词表示整体时，谓语常用单数表其中的成员时，谓语常用复数女口： In fact, my fa

13、mily were all doctors.事实上，我的家人全是医生。I have a happy family.我拥有一个快乐的家庭。（四）、who，which，what等疑问代词及sueh作主语时，谓语动词要根据其后的名词来决定其单复数形式。注意：what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。What we waste is not just time but our life.What we n eed are desks.女口： Who is the girl over there?那边的那个女孩是谁 ？（五）、a number of +复数名词+谓语复数大量，许多The number of

14、 +复数名词 +谓语单数.的数量（六）、a large quantity （amount） of + 名词，谓语常用单数quantities （amounts） of + 名词， 谓语用复数。 许多，大量（七）、“ a majority of+复数名词”用作主语时，谓语动词用复数。（八）、one of后接可数名词复数做主语时，表示什么中的一个，谓语用单数。女口： One of the apples has gone bad.但是要注意下面的定语从句：1、 He is one of the boys who like playing football. 定语从句修饰 the boys.2、 He

15、 is the only one of the boys who enjoys playing basketball.one 前面有定冠词the的时候,定语从句是修饰 one的，所以动词要用单数形式.主谓练习题1. The oldwell looked after by the gover nment in China.A. is B. are C. has bee n D. was2. The secretary and man agervery busy now.A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Both the secretary and the man age

16、ragreed to atte nd the meeti ng.A. has B. have C. are D. was4. Tom as well as two of his classmatesin vited to the party.A. was B. were C. have bee n D. had bee n5. Either you or Igoing to the teachers' office after class.A. am B. is C. are D. will6. Most of his spare timespe nt in readi ng.A. a

17、re B. were C. was D. have bee n7. This is one of the best no vels thatappeared this year.A.have bee n B. has C. had bee n D. have8. Ten thousa nd dollarsquite a large sum.A.are B. is C. were D. have9. About 20 perce nt of the workdone yesterday.A. are B. is C. were D . was10. Mr Smith ,together with

18、 his children , arrived.A.are B. has C. is D. Have11. ItI wholeav ing for London.A.is is B. amis C. is am D. amam12. Not only Tom but also his wifefond of watching television.A. are B. were C. be D. Is13. When and where to build the new factoryyet.A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not deci

19、ded D. have not decided14. Although the first part of the book is easy , the rest.A. are difficult B. has proved difficultC. is supposed difficult D. have bee n found difficult15. That they were wrong in these mattersnow clear to us all.A. is B. was C. are D. were16. Half of his goodsstole n the oth

20、er day.A. are B. were C. is D. was17. Mathematicsthe lan guage of scie nee.A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be18. Each of the stude ntsa Chin ese-E nglish dicti on ary.A. have B. has C. there is D. there are19. They eacha beautiful han dkerchief.A. have B. has C. there is D. there are20. Bet

21、wee n the two rows of treesthe teach ing buildi ng.A. sta nd B. sta nds C. sta nding D. are21. This pair of shoesmade in Nanjing.A.is B. are C. have bee n D. had bee n22. No one except my pare ntsany thi ng about it.A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. have known23. A n umber of stude ntsfrom the south

22、.A. are B. is C. have D. has24. The n umber of stude nts from the n orthsmall.A.are B. is C. have D. has25. Writi ng stories and articleswhat I enjoy most ,A.is B. are C. was D. were26. His "Selected Poems"first published in 1965.A.were B. was C. has bee n D. are27. Miss Smith is a frie nd of.A. Mar