高三英语寒假自主学习讲义(七)参考答案资料

1、高三英语自主学习讲义（七）讲评一、单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1. - Lets - No, _ this time, as a reward for all your help.A. its up to you B.C. lets talk about it D. it doesnt matter答案：B本题考查交际用语。go Dutch意思是AA制，答句its my treat意思是“我请客”。A项its up to you“由你决定”；D项“没关系”是sorry的回答。2. Word came _ Chinas first spacewalk was A. that

2、B. what C. which D. when答案：A本题考查同位语从句。Word came that意思为“消息传来”，that后面为同位语从句, 是对word消息的内容的解释说明，that不在从句中充当成分。拓宽相关知识点：word 解释为“消息”时，前面不加冠词，属于零冠词。相关词组：a success “一件成功的事或一个成功的人”属于 a +抽象名词的用法表示“一件怎样的事或一个怎样的人”eg: a pleasure/a failure/a success.3. If you are found_ in the schoolyard, you _ by the teachers.A

3、. smoking; are blamed B. smoke; are punishedC. smoking; are to blame D. smoking; are to punish答案：C本题考查动词用法。句意：如果你被发现正在校园内吸烟的话，你就会被老师责备。 考到了两个知识点：“sb be found /caught doing” 意思为“某人被发现、被抓住正在做某事”；“sb be to blame”是固定短语，为“某人该受责备”,不用被动语态。 A. official has served B. officials have servedC. official has serv

4、ed for D. officials have served for答案：A 本题考查主谓一致问题。句意：许多官员都全心全意地为人民服务。more than one/many a 后加单数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,意思是“许多”；eg:许多学生在这里。more than one/many a student is here. serve此处为及物动词，短语serve the people heart and soul是“全心全意为人民服务”。5. All living organisms (有机物 A. as a consequence of B. for the sake ofC.

5、 in terms of D. regardless of答案：D 本题考查介词短语。句意：所有的有机物，不管他们的独特的身份，都有生理上的，化学的和物理上的共同点。 as a consequence of 是“作为.的结果”for the sake of是“为了” in terms of是“就.而言”regardless of是“不管，不顾”。拓宽词组：have sth in common6. As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _ scenes of my chil

6、dhood.A. called up B. called for C. called on D. called in答案：A 本题考查动词短语辨析。call up 是“回忆起” call for 是“需要”call onsb是“拜访某人”call in是“召集”的意思。7_ many times，but he still couldnt understand itAHaving been told BHe had been toldCThough he had been told DHaving told答案：B句意：尽管被告诉了好几次，但是他还是不理解。本题解题关键是连词“but”，连接前后

7、两个分句，此类用法还有and, or ,so等等连接的前后都是独立的分句。该题很容易受思维定势的影响，误选成答案A或者是C选项。如果去掉“but”,答案就可以选择A或者C了。8. Look at the trouble I am in! I _ your advice.A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow 答案：C 本题考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：看看我现在所处的麻烦，要是我当初听你的意见就好了。If only 引导虚拟语气用法和wish类似。本题中是与过去的事实相反，从句中谓语动词为过去完成时；与现在情况相反则

8、用过去式；与将来情况相反用would do。9. Not until _at the airport _she had left her passport at home.A. the lady arrived; she realized B. the lady arrived; did she realizeC. did the lady arrive; she realized D. did the lady arrive; did she realize 答案：B 本题考查部分倒装的用法。句意：直到那个女士到达机场，她才发现她把护照丢在家里了。not until位于句首引导时间状语从句（

9、不倒装）+主句（部分倒装）复习部分倒装的用法：（1）否定副词或者否定短语放句首时，eg: (not, never, hardly, seldom, little，atno time, under no circumstances, by no means 等)句子中谓语动词要部分倒装。eg: （2）so/such. that.结构中表示程度的副词so位于句首时要用部分倒装。eg: （3）not until、only+状语或者状语从句位于句首时, 从句不倒装,主句部分倒装。（4）so位于句首,表示“也”，neither, nor位于句首表示“也不”时,谓语动词要用部分倒装eg: so am I.

10、（5）as引导让步状语从句时，解释为“尽管”时， eg :knows much.10. - If I were you, I would have accepted the job.- I it would mean frequent business trip awayfrom my family.A. turned off B. turned down C. turned out D. turned up 答案：B 本题考查动词词组用法。turn off 是“关掉”；turn down是“调低，拒绝”； turn out(to be)是“结果是，证明是”；turn up是“出现，调高”。1

11、1. Recently some hospitals in China have adopted（_ they ）, （_ will be used to operate on patients with more accuracy. ）A. what; that B. that; which C. what; which D.which; what 答案：C本题考查从句用法。句意：最近中国的很多医院都采用了机器人医生，这些医生将会被用来更加准确地在病人身上做手术。第一个空为宾语从句，what引导宾语从句并在从句中充当call的宾语，做双重成分；第二个空为which引导非限定性定语从句，先行词

12、为a robot-doctor，在句子中充当主语，不可省略。12. It is a miracle that rice _grow in such a place.A. would B. should C. ought to D. used to答案：B 本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：这真是一个奇迹，大米竟然能够生长在这个地方。情态动词should 可以表示惊讶,赞叹等情绪，表示竟然，表示该用法时，should不可以用ought to 替代。虚拟语气中，表示万一，如果eg: Should I know him, I would call on him.13. - How long do you

13、 suppose it will be _ he arrives at the small village? - Five hours or so.A. when B. before C. since D. after答案：B 本题考查固定句型的用法。句意：你认为再过多久他才能到达这个小村庄呢？大约五个小时左右。固定句型：1.It will be +时间+before 从句(do)表示“要过多久才”；eg: It will be four years before we meet again.2.It was +时间+before(did)从句表示“过了多久才” ；3.It + is/has

14、been+时间 + since从句（did）表示“自从.以来到现在为止多久了” eg: It is/has been 6 years since I came to this school.14. Having taken our seats, _.A. the professor began the lecture.B. the lecture began in no time D. the bell announced the beginning of the lecture答案：C本题解题关键是找到非谓语动词“having taken our seats”的主语，很明显是主语应该是“we

15、”.15. Mr. Brown is an experienced doctor. He is always _ when faced with emergency.A. as poor as a church mouse B. as busy as a beeC. as cool as a cucumber D. as strong as a horse答案：C本题考查短语。as poor as a church mouse是“一贫如洗”as busy as a bee是“极其忙碌的”；as cool as a cucumber是“镇定自若”；as strong as a horse“健壮如

16、牛”的意思。二、完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)Main idea: 作者在去上班的路上遇到了暴风雨，但是作者却克服重重困难，最终坚持到达公司上班。老板很感动，特地写了一封简短的表示感谢的邮件感谢员工们对于工作的付出和坚持。On August 26, 1999, New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The Unfortunately, this happened during Many people who were going to work were to go home. Some battled to a

17、taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced bravely, walking miles to get to work.subway line to subway line that stopped. After the subway that , and then ed back the downtown train. Finally, after what seemed like forever, the my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy ra

18、in. When I finally got to my office, I .My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off. When it was 500 pm, I was ready to go home. I turn off my received an email from Garth, my Director:I would like to thank all of you who made the effort to work. It is always reassuring (令人欣慰),at times like

19、 these, when employees so to their jobs. Thank you.Garths email was short, but I learned more from that _than I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of can . The rainstorm and the made me tired and upset. But Garths words immediately_smile back on my face.16. A. break B. fl

20、ood C. sink D. crash 答案：B flood作动词，“为水所淹”。17.A. forced B. refused C. adjusted D. gathered 答案：A 词组be forced to do意为“被迫做某事”，表示很多打算上班的人被迫回家去。18. A. order B. pay C. call D. search 答案：C call a taxi意为“叫一辆出租车”。order“命令，订购”；pay“付款”；search“搜寻”，常常加sb或者sp, 意思是搜身或者搜查某地。19. A. climate B. scenery C. storm D. burd

21、en 答案：C 根据第一段内容可知，人们面临的是暴风雨。20. A. used B. promised C. deserved D. happened 答案：D 词组happen to do sth “碰巧，恰好做某事”，表示我恰好是行走在上班路上的人之一。21. A. practice B. routine C. process D. service 答案：D 我去了好几处地铁线，发现大多已停止了客运服务。22. A. to B. through C. over D. for 答案：B through意为“穿过”，表示我在人群中艰难地穿行。23. A. operating B. cyclin

22、g C. turning D. rushing 答案：A operate意为“工作，运转”，表示我终于发现有一条地铁线还在工作中。24. A. check B. carry C. find D. board答案：D board意为“上（船、车、飞机等)”，表示等着乘坐地铁的人很多。25. A. street B. ground C. floor D. platform答案：D platform意为“站台，月台”，表示因为人多，我甚至都不能沿台阶走到站台上等待。26. A. paused B. crossed C. reached D. parked 答案：C reach sp意为“到达某地”，

23、表示火车终于到了我要下车的站。27. A. wet B. weak C. sick D. hurt答案：当我最后终于到达办公室时，我浑身湿透了。词组be wet through的意思是“浑身湿透”28. A. ashamed B. discouraged C. surprised D. puzzled 答案：B exhausted and discouraged是两个并列的形容词作伴随状语，表示又疲惫又沮丧。29. A. while B. when C. where D. after答案：B when在此处是并列连词，常用于be about to do sthwhen句型中，意为“正要做某事，

24、这时”。30. A. hardly B. casually C. absolutely D. eventually 答案：D eventually意为“最后，终于”。hardly意为“几乎不”；casually意为“偶然地，随便地”；absolutely意为“绝对地”。31. A. devotion B. donation C. connection D. reaction答案：A devotion意为“忠诚，献身”，表示雇员们表现出忠于职守的良好品质。 donation意为“捐赠”；connection意为“联系”；reaction意为“反应”32. A. accurate B. urgen

25、t C. brief D. humorous 答案：C brief意为“简洁的，简短的”，与前文出现的short相对应。33. A. promise B. appreciation C. advice D. guidance答案：B 根据上文的”Thank you” 可知这是一封表示感谢的邮件，appreciation意为“感激，感谢”，这句话表示只言片语的感谢就能产生很大的作用。34. A. troubles B. signals C. rules D. signs答案：A 根据上文内容可知，作者在上班的路上颇费周折，遇到很多麻烦。35. A. corrected B. supported

26、C. amazed D. refreshed 答案：D 词组refresh sb意为“使人精神振作”，表示我在看完电子邮件后，不再感到疲惫和沮丧，精神焕发，并且面带笑容。注意点：在平时的英语练习中，注意巧解完形填空的高分技巧：一、研究首尾找主题二、上下联系寻信息三、左顾右盼找搭配四、思前想后觅逻辑五、语境分析辨词义六、回读检查补漏洞三、阅读理解 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)A本文介绍了公益律师的一些情况。公益律师主要是为那些需要律师但是付不起高额律师费的公民提供服务。A lawyer friend of mine has devoted herself to the service

27、of humanity. Her special area is called “（公共利益法）Many other lawyers represent only clients（当事人，雇佣律师的人） who can pay high fees. It doesnt mean that public interest lawyers are less trained or not as experienced or knowledgeable as other lawyers. All lawyers have had expensive and highly specialized tra

28、ining, and they work long, difficult hours for the money they earn. But what happens to people who need legal help and cannot afford to pay these lawyers fees?（但是对于那些需要法律帮助而又负担不起支付律师费的人该怎么办呢？）Public interest lawyers fill this need. Patricia, like other public interest lawyers, earns a salary much be

29、low what some lawyers can earn. She doesnt care about that. She is from an ordinary family and she understands how difficult it would be for some people who are not able to pay for a lawyer and yet are badly in need of the help from a lawyer. Because she is willing to take less money, her clients ha

30、ve the help they need, even if they can pay nothing at all. These lawyers help make it fair for people either rich or poor to be equal before law. It is these lawyers that interpret the meaning of the word “justice” better.(正是有了这些公益律师才使得法律面前人人平等；他们很好的诠释了公正的内涵。) Some clients need legal help because s

31、tores have cheated them with faulty things. Others are in unsafe apartments, or are threatened (威胁) that they must leave their house they live in. Their cases are all called “civil” cases.（民事案件） Still others acts（刑事行为） and seek those public interest lawyers who handle “criminal” cases. These are jus

32、t a few of the many situations in which the men and women who are public interest lawyers serve to extend justice throughout our society. （上述这些例子只是我们的公益律师努力在全社会伸张正义的几个情况罢了。）文章结构：Part1(p1-2 )What are public interest lawyers?Part2(p3) Take Patricia for example and show that it is theselawyers that int

33、erpret the meaning of the word justice better.Part3(p4) Some situations in which the lawyers serve to extendjustice throughout our society.36. What is a person who needs and uses legal help called?A. A lawyer. B. A case worker. C. A criminal. D. A client.答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句”Many other lawyers repres

34、ent only clients who can pay high fees”可知，雇佣律师的人，当事人，被称作client。37. Which of the following do public interest lawyers serve?A. Only stores and landlords. B. People who have money problem.C. Criminals only. D. Wealthy people.答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段的内容But what happens to peoplewho need legal help and cann

35、ot afford to pay these lawyers fees?以及Public interest lawyers fill this need.可知，公益律师帮助的是有经济困难、无法支付高额律师费的人。38. What would happen if only the rich were helped by the lawyers?A. The justice system would be in need of no change.B. The justice system would be modern.C. The justice system would be unfair.

36、D. The justice system would be perfect.答案：C 推理判断题。根据常识及文中第三段最后一句的“These lawyers help make it fair for people either rich or poor to be equal before law. It is these lawyers that interpret the meaning of the word justice better”可得出答案，如果没有这些公益律师帮忙的话，就不会有真正的公正了。39. Which of the following is NOT a matte

37、r for a civil case?A. A burglar is arrested.B. A landlord refuses to fix a dangerous staircase.C. Someone is faced with being driving out of his living place.D. A store sells a faulty DVD.答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段可知，B、C、D项均属于civil cases(民事案件)，故只有A项正确。B本文主要介绍了一个研究发现：巧克力中含有可可碱，是治疗咳嗽的一种有效的方法。 (Topic sentenc

38、e)2.Their study found that theobromine（可可碱）, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine（可待因，镇咳药）, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.（研究发现，巧克力中含有的可可碱成分的止咳效果优于目前被认为是最好的止咳药可待因30%以上。）3.The Imperial College London researchers who published thei

39、r results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatments. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful ，it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes.4.Ten healthy volun

40、teers were given theobromine, codeine or a placebo（试验药物用的安慰剂）, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment.Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin kæpseisin，辣椒素, which is used in research to cause cou

41、ghing and as a sign of how well the medicines are stopping coughs. （为了检验上述三种物质的作用，研究人员让志愿者吸入了可以诱发咳嗽的辣椒素。）5.The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin needed to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they n

42、eeded only slightly higher levels of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.（研究人员发现，通过对辣椒素水平进行分析，服用可可碱的志愿者与服用安慰剂的志愿者相比，前者要吸入浓度高三分之一的辣椒素才能引发咳嗽；而服用可待因的志愿者与服用安慰剂的志愿者相比，前者只需要吸入的辣椒素浓度稍高于后者即可引发咳嗽，也就是说由此可见，可可碱的镇咳效果要明显好于可待因）。6. The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a ner

43、ve activity(神经活动),which causes coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.40. According to Professor Barnes, theobromine_.A. cannot be as effective as codeineB. can be harmful to peoples healthC. cannot be separated fro

44、m chocolateD. can be a more effective cure for coughs答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.以及文章倒数第二段可知，可可碱的镇咳效果要明显好于可待因。此外，A项显然不对，B项由文章左后一段可知，它的副作用基本没有；C项与文章内容不符。41. We learn from the text that volunteers in the

45、experiment_ .A. were patients with bad coughsB. were divided into three groupsC. received standard treatmentsD. suffered little side effects答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段的描述可知，实验中研究者把自愿者分为三个组，分别给他们吃theobromine(可可碱)，codeine(可待因)或placebo(安慰剂)这三种物质进行研究。A项和第四段首句内容不符；C和D项未提到。42. Which of the following would be t

46、he best title for the text?A. Codeine: A New MedicineB. Chocolate May Cure CoughsC. Cough Treatment: A Hard CaseD. Theobromine Can Cause Coughs答案：B 主旨大意题。根据全文的描述可知，研究者发现制作巧克力的可可粉中含有的物质theobromine(可可碱)能有效抑制咳嗽，所以应选B项，巧克力可能有助于治疗咳嗽。C主要讲述了巴西作为发展中国家，无意中用一些间接的方式降低了出生率。这是其他国家所没有意料到的。Topic sentence） While co

47、untries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.2.Brazils population growth rate has dropped from 2.99 a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93 a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now ha

48、ve only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.3.Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗电视连续剧) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Bot

49、h played an important, although indirect role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the worlds biggest producers of soap operas. Global, Brazils most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are bas

50、ed on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.4."Although they have never really tried to work on the problems of reproduction（无限制的生孩子）, they describe middle and upper class values not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working," says Martine. "They se

51、nt this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package."5. Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. “This led to an enormous change in consumption patte

52、rns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction. "says Martine.( 分期付款使穷人也成为消费者，这就必然会导致人们消费方式的变化。而消费与无限制的生孩子是不相容的, 因此人们想享受消费，就必须降低出生率)第45题文章结构分析：Part1(p1) Brazil has become one of the developing worlds greatsuccesses at reducing population growth but moreby accident than

53、designPart2(p2) Some details about Brazils dropped populationgrowth ratePart3(p3-5) the two reasons why Brazils population growth ratehas dropped. They are soap operas (通俗电视连续剧) and installment (分期付款) plans.43. According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth_.A. by educating its

54、citizensB. by careful family panningC. by developing TV programsD. by chance答案：D 细节理解题。由第一段第一句“Brazil has become one of the developingworlds great successes at reducing population growth, but more by accident than design”, 更多是因为偶然，而不是计划好，故答案为D项。词组by chance /by accident意为“偶然”44. According to the pass

55、age, many Third World countries_.A. havent ed much （重视）birth controlB. would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rateC. havent yet found an effective measure to control their populationD. neglected the role of TV plays in family planning答案：C 推理判断题。第一段及第二段最后一句“an achievement that makes itthe

56、envy of many other Third World countries”可知，别的国家羡慕巴西的成效，因为他们自己还没有找到切实有效的措施。A项和第一段第三行的“While countries such as India have made jointefforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result withoutreally trying”显然矛盾；B和D项文章未提及。45. What is Martines conclusion about Brazils population growth?A. The in

57、crease in birth rate will promote consumption.B. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.C. Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory.D. A countrys production is limited by its population growth.答案：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This led to an enormous change in consumption patt

58、erns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction. "says Martine. 分期付款会导致人们消费方式的变化。而消费与无限制的生孩子是不相容的, 因此人们想享受消费，就必须降低出生率。故答案为B项。四、任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Main idea:本文主要讲述了如何使你的生活变得井井有条的一些方法。 Structure： Part1(p1) the topic: how to be organized in your lifePart2(p2-9) the d