牛津译林版八年级八下Unit1+Past+and+present+Grammar（共37张PPT）

1、Grammaryetrecentlypastadv. 还，仍还，仍adv. 近来，最近近来，最近adj. 过去的过去的Words reviewTo learn the present perfect tenseTo learn the new words and phrases: yet, recently, past, over the past century learn more aboutObjectives语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生

2、试着从所观察到的句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。法规律。1. We havent got much tea or coffee, and we havent got any sugar or jam. (新概念新概念1 L79)2. Ive already had my holiday this year. (新概念新概念1 L83)3. Have your mechanics (机修工机修工) finished yet? (新概念新概念1 L87)4. He has always been a good neighbour. (新概

3、念新概念1 L91) 5. I have just arrived in Scotland and Im staying at a Youth Hostel (青年旅社青年旅社). (新概念新概念1 L101)6. Have you finished already? (新概念新概念1 L125)7. Eddie, have you seen my food? (P6) Yes, Ive just eaten it. What? Youve eaten my food? Why? 8. Youve changed, Eddie. You used to share food with me!

4、Youve changed too. You used to be so kind to me. (P6)9. Ive lived here since I was born. (P8)10. Have you ever moved house? (P8)11. , my wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this area since then. (P8)12. Has the town changed a lot over the years? (P8)13. Now, the government has turned

5、part of the town centre into a new park. (P8)14. However, most of my old friends have moved away. (P9)to test your sense of observationto test your ability of short-term memory to test your ability to highlight the language pointsGuess1. We _ much tea or coffee, and we _ any sugar or jam. 2. I_ alre

6、ady _ my holiday this year. 3. _ your mechanics _ yet? 4. He _ always _ a good neighbour. 5. I _ just _ in Scotland and Im staying at a Youth Hostel. 6. _ you _ already? havent gothavent gotvehadHavefinishedhasbeenhavearrivedHavefinished7. Eddie, _ you _ my food? Yes, I_ just _ it. What? You_ my foo

7、d? Why? 8. You_, Eddie. You used to share food with me! You_ too. You used to be so kind to me. 9. I_ here since I was born. 10. _ you ever _ house? haveseenveeatenve eatenve changedve changedve livedHavemoved11. , my wife and I moved two blocks away and we_ in this area since then. 12. _ the town _

8、 a lot over the years? 13. Now, the government _ part of the town centre into a new park. 14. However, most of my old friends _ away. ve livedHaschangedhas turnedhave moved1. You work in Luoyang, dont you? Yes. I _ in this city for three years. A. work B. worked C. have worked D. will work2. The boo

9、k is very thin, but Jack thinks its the best book that he _. A. read B. has read C. will read D. reads3. Would you like to go and see Despicable Me 2 with me tonight? Id like to, but I _ it twice. A. see B. will see C. have seen D. am seeing以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，对本课的语法内容有了一定的

10、了解，下面就让我们根据下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。该语法项的重难点。现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与常与already, yet, ever, never, just等副等副词连用。词连用。现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况情况灯现在不亮了。灯现在不亮了。)现在完成时也表示从过去

11、某一时刻开现在完成时也表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在，并且有可能还会持始一直持续到现在，并且有可能还会持续下去的动作或状态，常与续下去的动作或状态，常与since, for, so far等时间状语连用。如：等时间状语连用。如：I have lived here for more than 20 years. 我在这儿已经住了我在这儿已经住了20多年了。多年了。 (动作开始于动作开始于20多年前，一直延续至今，多年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。有可能还要继续下去。) 1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型现在完成时的肯定句句型 主语主语(第一第一, 二人称单二人称单, 复数复数)+ hav

12、e (第三人称复数第三人称复数) + have (第三人称单数第三人称单数) + has + 过去过去分词分词e.g.I have finished my homework.He has written six poems. They have seen that film. 现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成2. 现在完成时的否定句句型现在完成时的否定句句型 主语主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词过去分词 + e.g.I have not seen the movie yet.He hasnt come here yet.hasnt = has nothavent = h

13、ave not3. 现在完成时的一般疑问句句型现在完成时的一般疑问句句型 Have / Has + 主语主语 + 过去分词过去分词 + Yes, 主语主语 + have / has.No, 主语主语 + have / has not.e.g.Have you finished the work?Yes, I have. / No, I havent.Has she arrived here?Yes, she has. / No, she hasnt.规则动词的过去分词的构成规则动词的过去分词的构成1.大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的，只大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的，只需在动词后加需在动词后加-

14、ed；例如：；例如： workworked listenlistened jumpjumped visitvisited2.在以在以-e结尾的动词后只加结尾的动词后只加-d；例如：；例如： closeclosed likeliked agreeagreed movemoved过去分词的构成过去分词的构成3.在以辅音字母加在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将结尾的动词，应将y改改 为为i再加再加ed；例如：；例如： studystudied carrycarried trytried worryworried4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾 的辅音字母再加的辅

15、音字母再加-ed；例如：；例如： stopstopped dropdropped 不规则动词的过去分词的构成不规则动词的过去分词的构成1.有些动词的有些动词的原形和过去分词相同；例如：原形和过去分词相同；例如： putput hurthurt becomebecome runrun2.改变单词中间元音字母；例如：改变单词中间元音字母；例如： sitsat winwon holdheld3.把单词结尾的字母把单词结尾的字母d改为改为t；例如：；例如： lendlent spendspent sendsent还有些动词的过去分词是不规则的，需要还有些动词的过去分词是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。（课本第

16、特殊记忆。（课本第122-123页）页）4.以以eep结尾的动词，把结尾的动词，把eep改为改为ept；例如：；例如： keepkept sleepslept 5. 过去分词以过去分词以aught或或ought结尾；例如：结尾；例如： teachtaught buybought 6.以以ay结尾的动词，把结尾的动词，把ay变成变成aid；例如：；例如： saysaid paypaid7.在原形词尾加在原形词尾加n或或en；例如：；例如： givegiven eateatenRegular verbsIrregular verbsBase form Past participle Base fo

17、rm Past participlevisitvisitedhithitrepairrepairedputputlivelivedmeetmetmovemovedmakemadetrytriedsellsoldstudystudiedgivegivenfitfittedwritewrittenplanplannedthinkthought现在完成时中典型的时间表达现在完成时中典型的时间表达1. borrow _ 2. hope _3. make _ 4. get _5. plan _ 6. cry _7. send _ 8. watch _9. say _ 10. grow _11. hit

18、_ 12. enjoy _ Mr. Wu wants the students to practise using the present perfect tense. Help them write the past participles of the verbs below. (P 14)A Aborrowedhopedmadegotplannedcriedsentwatchedsaidgrownhitenjoyed1. They _ (finish) their homework already.2. John _ never _ (visit) China.3. Mr Li _ (r

19、epair) over ten bicycles since Monday.4. We _ (not see) each other for years.5. My parents _ (not come) back yet.6. Our teacher _ (teach) us a lot about the history of China.have finishedhave not comehas taughthave not seenhas repairedhas visited Mr. Wu asks the students to complete the sentences be

20、low using the present perfect tense. Help them complete the sentences. (P 14)B BM: _ you _ (see) any films recently, Sandy?S: No, I havent. What about you?M: I _ (see) one last Saturday. S: Whats it about?M: Its about the changes in Beijing over the past century. From this film, I _ (learn) more abo

21、ut Beijings past and present.S: Oh, I think I _ (hear) about the film. Do you plan to see it again.M: Yes, Id like to.Haveseensawhave learnthave heard Millie and Sandy are talking about a film about the history of Beijing. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

22、(P 14)C C请点击请点击1. _ you ever _ with a group? Yes, I have. A. Did, study B. Are, studying C. Were, studying D. Have, studied2. Lucy, _ you _ your ticket? Not yet. A. did; find B. have; found C. has; found D. do; find3. My grandmother _ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here. A. sees B. can s

23、ee C. will see D. has seenI. Multiple choice.4. My aunt is a writer. She _ more than ten books since 1980. A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. will write 5. Look at these stamps. I _ them for five years. Wow, they are wonderful. A. kept B. have kept C. have bought6. Id like to introduce my best fri

24、end to you, Peter. Thank you, Lucy. But we _ already. A. meet B. met C. will meet D. have met7. Since 2000, Jingmen has become a new city. Everything _. A. is changed B. was changed C. had changed D. has changed 1. I _ (have) dinner. I am full.2. We _ (read) this story.3. They _ (see) the movie.4. S

25、he _ (buy) some nice toys.5. Hurry up! Lunch _ already _ (begin).6. We _ (wash) our clothes. Theyre clean now.7. _ he ever _ (ride) a bike? have had have readhave seenhas bought have washedII. Fill in the blanks.Has riddenhasbegun1. Ive already had dinner. (否否) I _ _ dinner _.2. He has just finished his homework. (否否) He _ _ his homework _.3. Mum has cooked the dinner. (否否) Mum _ _ the dinner.4. I have done my homework. (疑疑) _ you done you