2018-2019中考英语一模阅读

1、【西城一模】DCities are taking interest in electric scooter-share systems as an affordable transportation to cut down on pollution and traffic jams. The electric scooters, which weigh between 30 and 40 pounds, reach speeds of about 15 mph.In September 2017, Santa Monica, California, became the first U.S.

2、city to have an electric scooter-share service. Users find and unlock one of the more than 1, 000 scooters with a smartphone app. A ride costs $ 1, and then 0.15 cents for i each minute of riding throughout the beach town.Bird, the start up operating the scooter-share, picks up the scooters everynig

3、ht to them, and places them around Santa Monica each morning ready for people s use.The company was created by Travis VanderZanden, who once worked in Uber and Lyft, after he realized ridesharing services failed to help with traffic jams and air pollution. Since its September 2017 beginning, Birds s

4、ystem has served more than 50,000 riders who have taken 250,000 trips more than half of which have been in the last month. It s since expanded （ 张）to Venice, California, and some neighborhoods in Los Angeles and San Diego. Bird plans to expand to lots of markets by the end of 2018.Competitors, backe

5、d by millionaires , are appearing. Two bike-share startups LimeBike and Spin, have spoken of plans to provide electric scooters in cities this year.Electric scooters have also gotten the attention of Mayor Pete Buttigieg from South Bend , Indiana. The city is interested in using them as a way to imp

6、rove public transportation. South Bend was one of the first to use bike-share systems, which allow people to park ridesharing bikes on public land. We love to be early pioneers said Buttigieg.If wejwthEksafety problem, we would be open to welcoming the technology. ”“We need to make sure these new tr

7、ansportation systems are lawful and safe for use rs Constance Farrell, a spokeswoman for the city of Santa Monica told CNN.We would liketo see electric scooters continue to operate in the city. They are in line with our goal of multi-modal living and carbon- light living. According to Fathelre have

8、been eight accidents, including one with a serious head injury , in Santa Monica after the scooters rolled out. Users are required to have a driver s license （照）,shouldn t ride on sidewalks or have other passengers on board.Bird has given out free helmets to some riders and tells its users to ride i

9、n bike lanes, but some users ride on sidewalks,and most U.S. streets don tbikve lanes.“The global community of cities is going to have to work this all out for scooters,“and a littseexcitingButtigieg said. They can move unbelievably quickly. That dangerous.”30. Why did Travis create Bird company?A.

10、Because he received support from millionaires and the government.B. Because many cities had electric scooter-share services.C. Because it is lawful and safe to use electric scooters.D. Because cities need better ridesharing services.31. The words are in line with“ inParagragh 6 probably mean A. stop

11、 B. meet the need of C. change D. are ahead of32. What can we learn from the passage?A. Future electric scooters will be very slow and sale.B. Electric scooters will cause fewer accidents than cars.C. More cities will try to help with electric scooters service.D. Future traffic problems will be solv

12、ed with help of electric scooters.33. The passage is mainly about.A. the challenges of the electric scooter-share system in AmericaB. the advantages and disadvantages of electric scooters in AmericaC. the introduction of the electric scooter-share service in AmericaD. the future of electric scooters

13、 in public transportation in AmericaArkansas may give up the BMI program or weaken it with the help of the new governor, who said it had “ a lot of n,eugnaetivxepected results ”.The number of overweight children in the United States has more than doubled in the past 20 years. Being seriously overwei

14、ght can lead to health problems later in life. As a result, Arkansas first started the BMI program in 2004-public schools were required to provide parents with a yearly report of their children s-mboadssy index （BMI） ， a number to show whether their weight is appropriate （ 合适的）.Along with students ,

15、 BpaMrIesnts alsoreceived information on health risks of being overweight.A study shows that obesity （肥胖）rates in Arkansas have stopped increasing since 2004.But not everyone supports schools in reporting students BMIs. Some parents have complained their kids worry that they are being “ graded ” on

16、their wei,gahltthough Dr. Joe Thompson, who helped plan the BMI program, gave the explanation at the start of the program, “ Just like aschool check for vision or hearing, this is a way to raise awareness （意识）about a healthrisk. Critics argue that telling parents their children weigh too much could

17、hurt children s self-esteem （自尊）.Some also question whether it s thsechrooloelsofto monitor students weight. Dr. Nancy Krebs ， a nutrition expert, also thinks obesity report cards aren t goodenough. They re making kids feaeblobuat dhow they are， she says. “ Instead of focusing on kids BM,sIcshools s

18、hould provide better health and physical education classes and serve healthier foods. ”However, supporters of the program say overweight children have had self-esteem problems before their parents get obesity report cards. Dr. Karen Young at Arkansas Children s Hospital s， ay“s The overweight kids a

19、realready being teased （被嘲弄）.It doesn ttake the letter for them to feel bad.Health experts from the University of Arkansas think it would be a pity to stop the BMI program. They see the program as a wake-up call for families and the letter is spurring some major action on some parents. Danita Thomas

20、 said she knew her son Irie was too heavy. But since getting that first BMI report, Irie has lost nearly 100 pounds and given up junk food. “ It was helpfu，l ” she said“. It made me realize that we needed to dsoomething different.The BMI reports and other steps, such as limits on vending machine （自动

21、售货机）use atschool, are leading to healthier students. If there was no BMI program, there should be other effective tools to get schools and parents involved with preventing children from becoming overweight adults.330. What might be the purpose of the BMI program in Arkansas?A. To make the schools re

22、alize the importance of health education.B. To warn parents of health risks of overweight children.C. To drive parents to learn more knowledge on health.D. To explain why some students gain weight quickly.31. Dr. Nancy Krebs believes that.A. overweight students are usually laughed at by classmatesB.

23、 schools should teach students how to lead a healthy lifeC. overweight students usually get low grades at schoolD. schools should do the job to record students5 weight32. The words “ spurring some major action on some parentsin Par” agraph 6 probably mean “.A. keeping some parents from worriesB. enc

24、ouraging some parents to make changesC. helping some parents learn from other familiesD. supporting some parents in expressing their opinions33. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. What schools should report to parents.B. How schools can care about overweight students.C. Why schools should he

25、lp students control their weight.D. Whether schools should report students5 BMIs to parents.Motivated （ 有内驱力的） or Overachieving?Everyone has the occasional classmate who hands in his work ahead of time with really beautiful handwriting.Someteachers maycheerfully get the homeworkby saying Of course y

26、ou did it early. Im sure youve done a good job! Some teachers may feel annoyed because The deadline is not until next Friday. Behind this students back are tons of whispers from his classmates, Ugh, he is such an over achiever and its so annoying .If you ask the same student to explain his behavior,

27、 he probably says that he is simply motivated. Such students refuse to call themselves overachievers but prefer motivated instead. They want to shy away from the unpleasant termoverachiever but choose to embrace the word motivated .Why is the term overachiever used as an insult （侮辱 ）? Do we not allw

28、ork hard to achieve our goals? Why does the motivated student not proudly call himself an overachiever ?In my personal experience, being called an overachiever in front of my classmates is not pleasant at all. The word is often connected with an unkind smile or sometimes a hint of jealousy （ 嫉妒 ）.Ov

29、erachiever carries the implied （ 暗指的 ） sense which over lends it - you have done too much and you have gone too far. Anyway, it is beyond the proper degree and just annoying to those students who refuse to put in the effort themselves and get unhappy with you for doing so.A student would rather thin

30、k of himself as an excellent student and it is motivation that drives him to do his best. What is the implied meaning of motivated ? Connected with positive words like willpower, spirit and determination, the motivated student would appear to be competing in an event of the brain Olympics.Although t

31、here are differences in their implications, the student who calls himself motivated could actually be a secret overachiever, going over the top for all his work; while the overachiever is nothing more than a motivated student, driven by the simple desire to do well and willing to put in time and eff

32、ort. In fact, the choice lies within the student: to overachieve or not to overachieve; to find the motivation to do well and be driven by it, or to sit back and blame others for overachieving to hide his inability to achieve.30. According to the passage, overachieversA. are popular with their class

33、mates B. hand in homework ahead of timeC. are much loved by their teachers D. look down on others for being slow31. The word embrace in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. understand B. explain C. doubt D. accept32. What can we learn from the passage?A. Teachers expect students to benefit from their ext

34、ra work.B. Students compete with each other to become overachievers.C. Classmates may laugh at overachievers to hide their inability to achieve.D. The writer has some pleasant experiences of being called an overachiever.33. The writer probably agrees that A. students shouldnt be encouraged to be ove

35、rachieversB. students without motivation will become overachieversC. motivated students make better progress than overachieversD .motivated students have something in common with overachieversSuccess bfailureI had failed again.It was the day of the big marathon. I had decided three years ago to trai

36、n for the half-marathon event and take home a meal（奖牌）.There I sat, in front of my TV, while I watched others cross the finishing line. I was just an other in along string（ 串）of failures. I had never met a single weight loss or fitness goal and I was majoring in the art of failing.We are a family of

37、 exploration and often plan active vacations. It seemed that oneveryvacationIwastheonewhocouldntgothedistance.Each time I urged（催促）my family ,Goon without me. Bring me lots of pictures and videos. Ill be fine just sitting here taking in the view. I lied. Sick of being left behind.I decided that it w

38、ould never happen again. Sure I was in my 50s, but surely there was still hope for me. I always spent weeks walking to prepare for our active vacations. I had lost weight many times I just always seemed to fail to get where I needed to beBut this time I would do something different. I was going to w

39、alk a half marathon. Surely I would lose weight and get in shape if I could completeover12milesinfourhours. Besides, this would be training.Training sounded cooler than diet and exercise. I was revved up and ready to go. I bought the proper gear（装备）,checked out what type of drinks would be handed ou

40、t at the marathon and prepared a lot. I had a plan!Now two years later,there I sat, watching thousands of people of all ages succeed where I had failed. I walked out, angry with myself, sat down and had myself a pity party. I was a master At the art of pity parties,having a great deal of experience

41、in holding them. What was my problem?Where was I going wrong?Is topped and considered each failure,one by one,I made some very interesting discoveries.I had failed to climb to the top of that Mayan Pyramid, but I did climb it and stood on those Ancient stones.Ihadfailedtomeetasingleweightlossgoaland

42、yetIhadlost43pounds.I couldn walk 12milesinfourhours,but I could walk12 miles.All my failures were sounding like a success story. This time I was giving thanks. I was thankful that I had been given the spirit of failure because failure meant that I was trying, thatI didnt give up. I decided that I w

43、ould be crossing the finishing line next year. 32.What can you learn from the passage?A. The writer didnt lose any weight in the end.B. The writer didnt climb the Mayan Pyramid.C. The writer didnt take part in the big marathon.D. The writer didnt have vacations with his family.33 .What does the unde

44、rlined sentence f was revved up probably mean?A. I got excited. B. I felt moved. C. I was pushed.D. I was chosen.34 .Which words can best describe the writer in the passage?A. Clever and friendly.B. Interesting and proud.C Humorous and hopefulD. Kind and strong-willed.35 .The writer probably agrees

45、that7A. one should never give up half wayB. setting a goal is the key to successC. one can learn by making and correcting mistakesD. trying but failing to reach the goal is still meaningful【石景山一模】DEarly in the morning, Feldman would deliver some bagels and a money basket to a companys snack room; he

46、 would return before lunch to pick up the money and the left bagels.He had also designed a beautiful economic experiment. By checking the money collected against the bagels taken, he found it possible to tell just how honest his customers were.He considered that a company was honest if over 90% of t

47、he people paid. Between 80 and 90% was what he considered to be normal .It was only if a company paid less than 80% that he would feel he had to do something. First he would leave a note, kind of giving them a warning、 and then, if things didnt improve, he would simply stop selling there.So what doe

48、s the bagel data （数据）tell us? Well, first of all, it shows that smaller offices are more honest than big ones. An office with twenty to thirty employees （雇员） generally pays 3 to 5% more than an office with two hundred employees. This seems to be because in a smaller company people are more worried b

49、out. being dishonestprobablybecause they would feel worse if they were caught.The bagel data also suggests that your mood, how you feel, affects （影响）how honest you are .For example, the weather is a really important factor. When the weather is unusually good, more people pay, but if its unusually co

50、ld or rainy. fewer people pay. And people are also affected by public holidays, but in different waysit depends on whichpublic holiday. Before Christmas and Thanksgiving, people are less honest, but just before the 4th of July and Labour Day they are more honest. This seems to be because holidays li

51、ke the 4th of July, are just a day off work, and people always look for-ward to them. But Christmas and Thanksgiving are holidays where people often feet quite stressed or unhappy. So their bad mood makes them less honest.The other thing Feldman believes affects how honest people are is the morale i

52、n an office, When employees like their boss and like their job, then the office is more honest.But in general the story of Feldmans bagel business is a really positive one. Its true that some people do steal from him, hut most people, even though no one is watching them ,are honest.30. From the bage

53、l data, we know that A. people in big offices are more dishonestB. Feldman didnt like the people in big officesC. Feldman was unsuccessful in his bagel businessD. Fewer people in small offices pay for their bagels31. The underlined word morale in Paragraph 6 probably meansA. argument B. competition

54、C. spirit D. movement32. According to the bagel data, Feldman had better sell bagelsA. before ChristmasB. before Labour DayC. on Thanksgiving DayD. on a very cold rainy day33. What could be the best title for the passage?A. Start the bagel business.B. Build the bagel company.C. Rich or not? Get the

55、bagel data.D. Honest or not? Take the bagel test.【丰台一模】DThere is an argument about whether or not boys and girls should be able to play sports on the same team. This can be a particularly tricky argument, but in the end, the benefits of coed 傍女同校）sports outweigh any negative aspects.“Its a well-know

56、n fact that boys are built to be stronger and bigger than girls. However, that does not mean that girls are too fragile （易碎的）to play sports with boys, says Madeline R. Shes right. Boys are naturally built to be stronger, but girls can still compete with boys. In 2013, over 1,500 girls played boy foo

57、tball, and some were the best on their team.Both boys and girls can gain skills from playing with and against the opposite gender （性另 U）. A girl playing sports with boys will help the girl improve, making her stronger, tougher, faster, and more powerful as an athlete than she would have been playing

58、 with girls. Boys can also gain new skills from girls, becoming more agile and flexible （灵活的）.Playing in coed sports might not be for every girl; some might be more comfortable playing sports with the same gender. But for the girls that have the physical ability, sports skills, confidence, and desire to compete with boys should have the choice to play coed. During an interview, Katie Smith, a Womens National Basketball Association （WNBA） star, talked