初三被动语态专项复习

1、被动语态专项复习1 .含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系。如果主语是动词的执行者，则使用 语态，如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用 语态。2 .主动语态变被动语态主动语态： The boy broke the window yesterday.动作执行者动词主动形式动作承受者被动语态： The window was broken by the boy yesterday.动作承受者动词被动形式动作执行者3 .构成：肯定句：主语+be +过去分词（+by）英语被许多人说。English many people.（2）否定句：主语+be not+过去分词（+by）这条路不经常

2、被使用。This road very often.一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词（+by）那座桥是被建在长江上吗 that bridge over the Changjiang River（4）特殊疑问句：疑问词 + be+主语+过去分词（+by）电话是什么时候被发明的 the telephone4.注意人称，时态和数的变化。时态上动语态被动语态结构一般现在时give/gives一般过去时gave一般将来时shall/will give被动语态（二）二、被动语态的特殊情况I .动词(表示主语的属性特征)+ 副词：(well/badly/easily )，当他们与相应的副词连用的时候用主动表被

3、动。此类动词有： write, sell, clean, wash等词做不及物动词时，如： The book sells well.(1)这种食物尝起来好卖的也好.This food tastes and well.(2)这支笔写的很糟 /流畅.This pen badly/smoothly. 这家商店八点营业.The shop at .n . want/need+ doing 相当于 want/need+ to be done你的衣服需要洗。Your clothes need.=Your clothes need.出.在be worth doing 中，doing表被动意义This book

4、 is worth. (read)This stamp is worth. (collect)2 . see, hear, make等动词后作宾补的不定式都不带to ;但改成被动语态后必须带to。The boss made him work all day. He all day (by the boss).I often hear her sing this song. She often this song (by me).3 .动词短语变为被动语态时，不能丢掉动词后的介词或副词。She takes care of the baby every day. The babyby her ev

5、ery day.People should speak to the old politely. The oldpolitely by people.( )This dictionary mustn ' t the library.A. take away B. be taken away C. be taken away from4 .用于词组的被动语态.常用于表示"据说"或"相信"，如：It is said that.(据说.)It is reported that (据报道 .)It is well-known that (众所周知)5.

6、含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时 He told us a story. f were a story by.(2) 用介词 to 或 for 引导He told us a story. f told us by him.Her mother gave her a new pen. fA new pen her by her mothe r.注意：填介词 (to/for)explain/bring/give/lend/offer/pass/sell/send/show/take/teach/tell/write/return/servesthsb. design/build/buy/cook/

7、do/draw/make/order/choose/find/get/prepare sth sb.6. 不用于被动语态的情况：(1) 不及物动词无被动语态如： appear, die, end, fail, happen, sit, stand, come true, fall asleep, take place 等。( ) Great changes _ in the last three years.A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. have happened昨天这个城镇发生了一场事故. An accident in thi

8、s town yesterday.(2) 系动词无被动语态如：stay, turn 等。It sounds good. 另 :be, become, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell,被动语态专项习题练习：一、用括号中动词被动结构的适当形式填空。(use) in the world .(fall) ill last night ,and she(take) to the hospital at once .Great Wall(know) all over the world .children(take) good care of by the

9、 nurse .new houses(build) by the villagers themselves .language (speak) in Japanblack bike(buy) in that shop three days ago .big tree(blow) down in the storm last night .9. Computer science (teach) now almost in all universities and institutes.10. The first railway in the world (design) in the last

10、century.window (not break) by the boy just now.12. Visitors ( ask) not to touch the exhibits( 展览品 ) .13. A beautiful horse (draw) by John yesterday.14. The pictures (take) by Jack tomorrow.15. School football game (hold) last Friday evening.16. A number of the trees (plant) around Dalian every year.

11、17. This book (write) for Chinese children at that time.18. He (invite) to the party by his friends last Monday.19. The sport meeting (hold) next Friday.二、单选( ) a new library in our school last yearA. Is; built; builtC .Does; buildD. Were,built( ) accident on this road last week.A. was happenedB. is

12、 happenedC. happenedD. was happening( ) in the southeast of China.growngrown( ) talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week.givenbeen givenbe givenD. will given( )5. Thousands of tourists come to Edinburgh to see new films and plays and hear music by famous musicians.playplayed( )6. The wor

13、d “ OK” , which is the most popular and common expression in the world, first in late March, 1893.-! It has a history of 175 years.A. used, Amazingused, Amazingused, Amazed,Amazing( ) shoes . You need a new pair.outoutworn outD. wears out( ) is reported that more teaching buildings in our school nex

14、t term.B. will be builtB. will buildC. was builtD. built( ) show me her new dictionary just now.asked toasked toasked( ) monkey was seen off the tree.C. jumpedjumpD. jumping( )11. Hesome pieces of advice, but heto them.A. gave, didn t listen B. was given, wasn t listened C. was given, didn t listen

15、, doesn t listen( )12. A strange thing _ in our school yesterday.A. was happenedB. has been happened C. happenedD. happens( ) 13 . Jim wasn t at school because he to stay at home.A. is toldB. toldC. was toldD. will be told( )14. The teacher told his students that they to be useful men to the country

16、.A. were all expectedB. were all expecting C. all were expectedD.expected( ) that Susan can t go to the party because she .A. It s said , didn t invite B.It s said , wasn t invited C. I was told, wasn t invitedD. It s said, doesn t invite.()16. What happened to Billy- He because of his drink-driving