4中考英语语法动词时态

1、一、教学内容：专题复习四 动词时态二、知识总结与归纳一般现在时表示现在的状态或经常性的动作。句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。动词用原形，若主语为第三人称单数，则动词用第三人称单数形式。如：Mr Wang teaches English. 王老师教英语。He usually goes to work at 7 oclock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York.The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou li

2、es in the south of China.考点一：在时间或条件状语从句中可以表示将来。常用的引导词有：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, if, unless如：Ill tell her the news when she comes. 等她回来我就告诉她这个消息。If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.考点二：在make sure, be careful 等后的that 从句中通常也用一般现在时表示将来的意义。 如：Be careful that you dont f

3、all off the ladder. 当心别从梯子上掉下来。考点三：在the more the more (越越) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。The harder you study, the better results you will get.一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态或过去经常性或习惯性的动作。常与时间状语yesterday, yesterday morning, last week, in 1990等连用。一般过去时由动词过去式表示，动词be 根据人称有was和were两个词形，规则动词的过去式是在词尾加-d-或ed；其他动词参阅

4、不规则动词变化表, 该时态主要表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。Its a pity that you did not go to the movie. 很遗憾你没有去看那部电影。Many people died in the tsunami that took place in Thailand. 很多人在泰国的那次海啸中遇难丧生。考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于He used to smoke a lot.He has got used to gett

5、ing up early.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 一般将来时一般将来时表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语，如 tomorrow, tomorrow morning, next week等连用。一般将来时通常由“will / shall + 动词原形”构成。除此之外，还常用be going to + 动词原形表示。如：Im going to buy a grammar book this weekend.这个周末我打算去买本语法书。The

6、y will sit the post-graduate examinations next autumn.明年秋他们要参加硕士考试。The teacher will not let me go home before I have finished my homework.老师要我做完作业才能回家。考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, g

7、o, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.考点三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。Use your head and you will find a way.考点四：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。“am (is, are) about to + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。They are

8、to be married in this May.现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或现阶段正在发生的事。由“am / is / are + 动词-ing形式”构成。常与时间状语 now, at the moment, this week, these days等连用。如：Linda is watching TV in her bedroom now. 琳达现在正在她的卧室看电视。How are things getting on with you? 你的工作进行得怎么样？Someone is asking for you on the phone. 电话上有人找你。注意： 表示感觉

9、、愿望和状态的动词，如see(看见),hear (听见), notice(注意), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), like(喜欢), know(知道), hope(希望), hate(恨),agree(同意), believe(相信), want(想要)等，一般不用进行时态。考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Dont wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.考点二： 表示在最近按计划或安排要进

10、行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。Mary is leaving on Friday.过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行或发生的动作。常与时间状语at this time yesterday, at that time, from seven to nine yesterday evening等连用。它由“was / were + 动词-ing形式”构成。如：My younger brother was playing computer games while I was doing my homework. 我做作业的时候，我弟弟在玩电脑游戏。At that tim

11、e she was working as an assistant in a physics laboratory.那时她在一家物理实验室做助手。现在完成时现在完成时由“have / has + 过去分词”构成。1. 已完成用法： 表示过去完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响。常与already, never, ever, just, yet等时间状语连用。如：He has seen the film already. 他已经看过这部电影了。2. 未完成用法： 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。常与since 1984, for three hours, for ten years等时间状语连用。

12、如：Mr Wang has taught English in our school since1984. 王老师从1984年起就在我们学校教英语。The storm has lasted for three hours. 暴雨已经持续了3个小时。We have been busy this afternoon. 今天下午我们一直很忙。注意： 短暂性动词，如come, go, leave, finish, end,buy, sell, marry, die等的完成时态不能与for, since 等表示一段时间的状语连用。3. have been to 和have gone to 的用法比较：两

13、者均可接地点，前者表示去过某地；后者表示到某地去了。如：I have been to Nanjing twice. 我去过南京两次。My father has gone to Beijing. 我爸爸去北京了。考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点They have lived in Beijing for five years.They have lived in Beijing since 1995.I have learned English for ten years.考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet,

14、 up to now; till now; so far, these days. Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来”的时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等考点四：表示“第几次做某事”或在 “It is the

15、 best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 that” 后面跟现在完成时。This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.That is the only book that he has written.过去完成时过去完成时由“had+过去分词”构成。表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。如：When the doctor arrived, the patient

16、had died. 医生到时病人已经死了。过去将来时过去将来时由 “would+动词原形”构成，表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。如：My friend Tom told me he would go to the cinema with me. 我的朋友汤姆告诉我他将和我一起去看电影。【典型例题】( ) 1. My mother noodles, but my father . A. likes; doesnt B. didnt like; is C. likes; didnt D. didnt like; does( ) 2. Well have to s

17、tay here if it tomorrow. A. will rain B. rain C. rains D. raining( ) 3. I am sorry to tell you that you shouldnt fish here. Please look at the sign. I am sorry. I it. A. dont notice B. didnt notice C. wont notice D. hasnt noticed( ) 4. Dont worry. I the note to Helen as soon as she comes back. A. wi

18、ll give B. gave C. would give D. give( ) 5. Peter, could you come and help me in the kitchen, please? Sorry, Mum. I Lily with her English. A. help B. helped C. have helped D. am helping( ) 6. I didnt see you at the party yesterday. Why? I for my daughter at home. A. is waiting B. have waited C. was

19、waiting D. will wait( ) 7. What are you going to do this weekend? I yet. A. havent decided B. wont decide C. have decided D. didnt decide( ) 8. Do you know Huang Ting well? Yes. She and I friends since we met in Wuhan last summer. A. have made B. were C. have been D. become( ) 9. Did you see Jack at

20、 the party? No, he by the time I got there. A. left B. was leaving C. has left D. had left( )10. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he the Disney World the next day. A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D . would visit( ) 11. Im sorry that John is outPlease ask him to

21、call me as soon as he _ A. returned B. returnsC. will return( ) 12. Ill do it better if the teacher _ me another chance. A. give B. gives C. gave D. will give( ) 13. Listen, who _ in the room?Lets go and see. A. is cryingB. crying C. cryD. cries( ) 14. I first met Lisa three years ago when we _ at a

22、 radio station together. A. have worked B. had been working C. were working D. had worked( ) 15. How long have you _? A. borrowed the book B. bought the bike C. been back D. received the letter( ) 16. Why are you so late? The train has_ for ten minutes.Sorry. I forgot the time. A. left B. been away

23、C. been left( ) 17. I _ Fujian Museum twice. How about you?Never. I hope to visit it soon. A. have gone toB. have been to C. have gone D. have been( ) 18. Havent you ever studied with a group?_. Ive learned a lot that way.A. Yes, I have B. No, I havent C. Yes, I did D. No, I didnt( ) 19. Alice, Rita

24、 called you just now when you were out.Did she say when _ me again, Dad? A. she will callB. would she call C. she would call【模拟试题】（答题时间：15分钟）单项选择( ) 1. What did you do after school yesterday? I basketball with my friends. A. play B. played C. will play D. am playing( ) 2. Its raining! When did it st

25、art? I dont know exactly. In fact, it all this afternoon. A. lasts B. lasted C. has lasted D. will last( ) 3. In the past few years there great changes in my home town. A. have been B. were C. had been D. are( ) 4. If you go to the western part of the city, you a lot of new buildings. A. see B. have

26、 seen C. will see D. saw( ) 5. What do you do? Im an engineer. I in a company in Wuhan. I like my job very much. A. work B. had worked C. will work D. worked( ) 6. When your mother back? About an hour ago. A. did; come B. had; come C. do; come D. have; come( ) 7. He wanted to know if they to the par

27、k the next week. A. will go B. go C. went D. would go( ) 8. When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she the piano. A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played( ) 9. Tony, you smoking? Yes. Drinking tea is my favorite now. A. will; stop B. did; stop C. would; stop D. have; stopped( )10. How was your

28、holiday last weekend? Good. I to the mountains with my parents. A. go B. went C. am going D. will go( )11. How do you like the song Two Butterflies? Great! I such a beautiful song before. A. dont hear B. never hear C. have never heard D. have ever heard( )12. As the saying , “Where there is a will, there is a way.” A. go B. goes C. going D. went( )13. Dick gave me a note while I in the library. I guess he made it to say “sorry” to you. A. am reading B. reads C. was reading