2011年中考英语专项练习指导

1、初中英语语法句型转换之同义句（注意：修改顺序）同义句转换是句型转换题型中一种非常重要的形式。所谓同义句转换，是指用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示相同或相近的意思。它是中考命题的一大热点。现将常见的同义句转换形式作一归纳，以期对同学们的中考复习有所帮助。一、用同义词(组)或近义词(组)改写。1. The children are wearing beautiful clothes. The children are _beautiful clothes. 2. Every day, Yao Ming receives E-mails from thousands of basketball fans

2、. Every day,Yao Ming _thousands of basketball fans. 3. Mr. Smith is working. Mr. Smith is_ _. 答案：1. in 2. hears from 3. at work 简析：英语中有不少同义、近义词(组)，在平时学习中要注意总结归纳。如：enjoy oneself/have a good time, look after/take care of,difficult/hard, can/be able to,over/more than,receive(get)a letter from/hear from

3、等等。二、用反义词(组)改写。4. Chinese is more popular than Japanese.Japanese is _ popular _ Chinese. 5. The runner couldn't catch up with the others in the race. The runner _ _ the others in the race. 6. A computer is more useful than a VCD.A VCD is not _useful _a computer. 答案：4. less, than 5. fell behind 6

4、. as，as 简析：此类转换应注意有时主语位置会改变，并要特别总结归纳反义词(组)。如：new-old, big-small, long-short, more than-less than等。三、用同义句型改写。7. Ann spent two weeks getting ready for the exams. It _Ann two weeks to _ ready for the exams. 8. She spent 30 dollars on the English-Chinese dictionary. The English-Chinese dictionary _ _ 30

5、 dollars. 答案：7. took, get 8. cost her 简析：此类转换必须弄清每个句型的构成特点，而且还要注意句中每个句型的固定搭配。如：give sb. sth.与give sth. to sb.的转换，spend some time(in)doing sth.on sth.与It takes sb.some time to do sth.的转换等等。四、二句并一句转换为简单句。9. Jim doesn't like noodles，and Jack doesn't,either. _Jim_Jack likes noodles.10. Mrs. Smit

6、h is my teacher. She is also my good friend. Mrs. Smith is_ _my teacher_ _my good friend. 答案：9. Neither,nor 10.not only,but also 简析：英语中常用not only. but also，either. or,neither. nor,both. and等连词把两个意义相关的简单句合并成一个简单句。解题过程中要注意连词的选用和主谓一致原则。除此之外，还可用too. to,enough to等把两个简单句合并成另一简单句。如：Tom is young. He can'

7、;t go to school.Tom is too young to go to school. 五、用派生词或多义词改写。11. The snow was heavy last night.It_ _last night.答案：snowed heavily 简析：句中名词snow和形容词heavy转换成了动词snowed和副词heavily。六、并列句与复合句的互换。12. If you play basketball here，you may break the windows._play basketball here,_you may break the windows. 13. G

8、o on planting trees for two more years and the hill will be covered with green trees. If we go on planting trees，the hill will_ _in two_ _. 答案：12. Don't,or 13. turn green,years' time 简析：含有祈使句的并列句，可转换为含if条件句的复合句。七、简单句与复合句的互换。14. Do you know how you can get the kite down from the tree?Do you k

9、now_ _get the kite down from the tree?答案: how to简析：复合句转换为简单句一般侧重于将从句变化为短语或词组，使其句意简单明了。常见的转换方法有：(1)用不定式替换、用介词短语替换、用名词短语替换、用分词短语替换；(2)将宾语从句简化为"疑问词不定式"；(3)将so. that. (such. that. )引导的状语从句简化为含有too. to. (或enough to)的简单句；(4)将if引导的状语从句简化为"祈使句，and(or)句子"。八、综合转换。15. Something is wrong wit

10、h that machine.That machine_ _.答案：doesn't work简析：综合转换是在整体把握句意的基础上，对原句重新进行概括表达，它在词汇、结构等多方面都有较大的变化。至于一些特殊形式的变化，同学们在解题过程中要不断归纳总结，彻底掌握它们。下面就请你做几道练习题一试身手吧！1. Bike is short for bicycle. Bike is_ _ _saying bicycle. 2. It took Mary an hour to do her homework last night. Mary_ an hour _her homework last

11、night.3. They made him work 12 hours a day. He_ _ _ _ 12 hours a day. 4. I am a League member. He is a League member,too. _ he_ I _League members. 5. He is so young that he can't join the army. He is _ young_ the army. 6. The player smiled and jumped into the river. The player jumped into the ri

12、ver_ _ _. 7. Mr. Brown left London six years ago. Mr. Brown _ _ _ _London for six years. 8. The earth is bigger than the moon. The moon Is _ _ _ _the earth. 9. He is one of my friends. He is a friend _ _. 10. The teacher told us that we should not meet at the school gate. The teacher told us_ _ _at

13、the school gate. 11. I have something to tell you. It's interesting. I have _ _ to tell you. 12. I saw them playing basketball there. I saw _they_ _basketball there.13. Listen carefully,and you'll become more interested. _ _listen carefully, you'll become more interested. 14. She has bee

14、n a nurse for five years. It_ _ _ _she became a nurse.15. All are here, but our English teacher isn't. _is here _our English teacher. 16. It was so interesting a film that all of us saw it twice. It was_ _interesting _that all of us saw it twice. 17. Mother was busy with some housework when I got home. Mother was_ _some house-work when I got home.参考答案：1. another way of 2.spent;on/doing 3. was made to work 4. Both;and;are 5. too;to join 6. with a smile 7. has been away from 8. not