外壳防护等级

1、外壳防护等级(IP)仪表外壳防护等级(IP)代码(BS EN60529;1992),由字母IP和后续的两位特征数字表示。 第一位特征数字防止固体异体异物进入0 无防护1 固体异物直径大于50mm2 固体异物直径大于12mm3 固体异物直径大于2.5mm4 固体异物直径大于1.0mm5 防尘6 尘密例： IP65 即要求具有尘密及对喷水的外壳防护功能 第二位特征数字防止进水造成有害影响0无防护1 垂直水滴2 倾角75-90滴水3 淋水4 溅水5 喷水6 猛烈喷水7 短时间浸水8 连续浸水附加数字：防机械冲击 第三位特征数字（至标准中不包括），适合在某些欧洲国家中通用（参阅法国标准F-）： IP外

2、壳防护等级接近等于NEMA防护等级：第三位特征数字（附加）防机械冲击0无防护1冲击能量为.焦耳2冲击能量为.焦耳3冲击能量为.焦耳5冲击能量为.焦耳7冲击能量为.焦耳9冲击能量为焦耳IPNEMA301312323R6436512，12K和13684和4X IP codesDegrees of Protection Provided by EnclosuresThis standard describes a system for classifying the degrees of protection provided by the enclosures of electrical equi

3、pment. Developed by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC), these standards are designed to numerically rate an electrical product on the level of protection its enclosure provides. By assigning different number codes, the products degree of protection can be identifie

4、d quickly and easily. In the code IP 54, for example, IP identifies this standard, the 5 describes the level of protection from solid objects, and 4 describes the level of protection from liquids.First Characteristic NumeralDEGREE OF PROTECTION (First Number in Code)Brief DescriptionDefinition0Not p

5、rotected_1Protected against solid foreign objects of 50mm diameter and greater.The object probe, sphere of 50mm diameter, shall not fully penetrate.12Protected against solid foreign objects of 12.5mm diameter and greater.The object probe, sphere of 12.5mm diameter, shall not fully penetrate.13Protec

6、ted against solid foreign objects of 2.5mm diameter and greater.The object probe, sphere of 2.5mm diameter, shall not penetrate at all.14Protected against solid foreign objects of 1mm diameter and greater.The object probe, sphere of 1mm diameter, shall not penetrate at all.15Dust-protectedIngress of

7、 dust is not totally prevented, but dust shall not penetrate in a quantity to interfere with satisfactory operation of the apparatus or to impair safety.6Dust-tightNo ingress of dust.1 The full diameter of the object shall not pass through an opening of the enclosureSecond Characteristic NumeralDEGR

8、EE OF PROTECTION (Second Number in Code)Brief DescriptionDefinition0Not protected_1Protected against vertically falling water drops.Vertically falling drops shall have no harmful effects.2Protected against vertically falling water drops when enclosure is titled up to 15 .Vertically falling drops hav

9、e no harmful effects when the enclosure is tilted at any angle up to 15 on either side of the vertical. 3Protected against spraying water.Water sprayed at an angle up to 60 degrees on either side of the vertical shall have no harmful effects. 4Protected against splashing water.Water splashed against

10、 the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.5Protected against water jets.Water projected in jets against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.6Protected against powerful water jets.Water projected in powerful jets against the enclosure from any directio

11、n shall have no harmful effects.7Protected against the effects of temporary immersion in water.Ingress of water in quantities causing harmful effects shall not be possible when the enclosure is temporarily immersed 1 meter in water under standardized conditions of pressure and time.8Protected agains

12、t the effects of continuous immersion in water.Ingress of water in quantities causing harmful effects shall not be possible when the enclosure is continuously immersed in water under conditions which shall be agreed between manufacturer and the user, but are more severe than for number 7.Internation

13、al Protection (IP) RatingsThe IP rating system classifies the degree of protection from solid objects and liquids afforded by electrical equipment and enclosures. Recognized in most European countries and meets a number of British and European standards, this rating system includes: Classification o

14、f Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures, BS (British Standards) 5490:1977; IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) 529:1976.Specifications for Degrees of Protection of Enclosures of Switchgear and Control Gear for voltages up to and including 1000 VAC and 1200 VDC, BS 5420:1977; and I

15、EC 144:1963.First NumberProtection against solid objectsSecond NumberProtection against liquids0 no protection1 protected against solid objects up to 50 mm (e.g. accidental touch by hands)2 protected against solid objects up to 12 mm (e.g. fingers)3 protected against solid objects over 2.5 mm (e.g.

16、tools and wires)4 protected against solid objects over 1 mm (e.g. tools and small wires)5 protected against dust-limited to ingress (no harmful deposits)6 totally protected against dust0 no protection 1 protected against vertically falling drops of water (e.g. condensation) 2 protected against verti

17、cally falling drops of water up to 15 from the vertical 4 protected against water sprayed from all directions limited ingress permitted 6 protected against strong jets of waterlimited ingress permitted (e.g. for use on ship decks) 7 protected against the effects of temporary immersion between 15 cm

18、and 1 mNEMA/IEC Enclosure RatingsNEMA/IEC Enclosure Ratings Conversion of NEMA type classifications to IEC classification designation (IP ratings). Note: NEMA standards meet or exceed IEC standards; therefore, the conversion does not work in the opposite direction. NEMA enclosure type no.NEMA defini

19、tionIEC enclosure class1General-purpose. Protects against dust, light, and indirect splashing but is not dust-tight; primarily prevents contact with live parts; used indoors and under normal atmospheric conditions.IP102Drip-tight. Similar to Type 1 but with addition of drip shields; used where conde

20、nsation may be severe (as in cooling rooms and laundries).IP113 and 3SWeather-resistant. Protects against weather hazards such as rain and sleet; used outdoors on ship docks, in construction work, and in tunnels and subways.IP543RIntended for outdoor use. Provides a degree of protection against fall

21、ing rain and ice formation. Meets rod entry, rain, external icing, and rust-resistance design tests.IP144 and 4XWatertight (weatherproof). Must exclude at least 65 GPM of water from 1-in. nozzle delivered from a distance not less than 10 ft for 5 min. Used outdoors on ship docks, in dairies, and in

22、breweries.IP565Dust-tight. Provided with gaskets or equivalent to exclude dust; used in steel mills and cement plants.IP526 and 6PSubmersible. Design depends on specified conditions of pressure and time; submersible in water; used in quarries, mines, and manholes.IP677Hazardous. For indoor use in Cl

23、ass I, Groups A, B, C, and D environments as defined in the NEC.8Hazardous. For indoor and outdoor use in locations classified as Class I, Groups A, B, C, and D as defined in the NEC.9Hazardous. For indoor and outdoor use in locations classified as Class II, Groups E, F, or G as defined in the NEC.1

24、0MSHA. Meets the requirements of the Mine Safety and Health Administration, 30 CFR Part 18 (1978).11General-purpose. Protects against the corrosive effects of liquids and gases. Meets drip and corrosion-resistance tests.12 and 12KGeneral-purpose. Intended for indoor use, provides some protection aga

25、inst dust, falling dirt, and dripping non-corrosive liquids. Meets drip, dust, and rust resistance tests.IP5213General-purpose. Primarily used to provide protection against dust, spraying of water, oil, and noncorrosive coolants. Meets oil exclusion and rust resistance design tests.IP54National Elec

26、tric Code (NEC) RatingsHazardous Classifications:Class I: Areas in which flammable gases of vapors may be present in the air in sufficient quantities to be explosive. Group A: Atmospheres containing acetyleneGroup B: Atmospheres such as butadiene, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, acrolein, or hydrog

27、en (or gases or vapors equivalent in hazard to hydrogen, such as manufactured gas)Group C: Atmospheres such as cyclopropane, ethyl ether, ethylene, or gas or vapors of equivalent hazardGroup D: Atmospheres such as acetone, alcohol, ammonia, benzene, benzol, butane, gasoline, hexane, lacquer solvent

28、vapors, naphtha, natural gas, propane, or gas or vapors of equivalent hazardCLASS II: Areas made hazardous by the presence of combustible dust Group E: Atmospheres containing combustible1. metal dusts, regardless of resistivity2. dust of similarly hazardous characteristics having a resistivity less

29、than 100 k-cm3. electrically conductive dusts Group F: Atmospheres containing combustible1. carbon black, charcoal, or coke dusts having more than 8% total volatile material2. dusts so sensitized that they present an explosion hazard, and dusts having a resistivity greater than 100 -cm but less than

30、 or equal to 1 x 108 -cm Group G: Atmospheres containing combustible1. dust having resistivity equal to or greater than 100 k-cm2. electrically nonconductive dusts CLASS III: Areas made hazardous by the presence of easily ignitable fibers or dust, but which are not likely to be in suspension in the air in quantities that