高考总复习：重点词汇解析及写作指导

1、高考总复习：重点词汇解析及写作指导撰稿：毕勤 审稿：牛新革 责编：陈玉莲重点词汇解析take：(took, taken)握，抓；取走(bring)；拿出；减去 take him by the arm携带 I took the umbrella with me but it didnt rain.占领 take the city after a long battle（未经同意）取，拿，偷 take my bag/wallet (by mistake)接受 take ones advice 修（课程） take an English course 采取 take measures/action搭

2、乘 take a bus/train 使用/走 take the stairs/elevator/the third road吃，服用 take the medicine/pills 吸 take a breath of fresh air花费 It takes 9 hours (for us) to go there by train.需要 It takes a lot of courage to admit mistakes.记录；量取 take notes/my temperature/pulse/measurements for a suit做（与名词构成词组，意义体现在名词上）tak

3、e a walk/look/bath/rest/nap/break/photo/picturetake after 像（外表，性格）He takes after his father.take along 带去 I took my mother along to the concert.take back 接受退货 We cant take back sale goods.取消，撤回 I took back what I had said.使忆起 The song took me back to my high school days.take down 拿下； 写下，记下take for 以

4、为，当做 take him for a foreigner误以为 I took you for Tom.take in 拿进来；欺骗 take in the little boytake it for granted that others should help you.认为理应如此take off 脱下；减去 take $5 off the price起飞 The plane took off very smoothly.（事业）腾飞 His career took off.休息 I want to take next Friday off.take on 雇用 take on a new

5、 secretary承担(工作，责任) dont take on more work than you can do.呈现，具有 the city has taken on a new look.take over 接管，接办 take over the company/firm/the leadershiptake up 占（时间，空间）take up a week/too much space开始（工作,产生兴趣）take up Spanish/swimmingtalk：vi. 谈论，交谈，talk to/with sb. about sthtalk sb into 说服某人做 talk

6、him mother into buying him a pianotalk sb out of 说服某人打消某念头 talk him out of changing his jobspeak to sb speak English say sth in Englishn. 谈话；讲话 give/have a talk on American historytalk show 访谈节目，脱口秀talkative adj. 健谈的taste：vt. 尝 taste the soup to see if it was too saltyvi. 尝起来有味道 The milk tastes sour

7、/bitter.n. 味道，滋味 the sense of taste喜好，嗜好 He has a taste for jazz/fruit.体验，滋味 a taste of poverty鉴赏力，口味 (uc) She has very good taste in music/clothes.to ones taste 合口味，中意 The film is not to my taste.tasty dishes 可口的tear：(tore, torn)v. 撕裂，扯破 tear the picture in half/into piecestear the parcel open She

8、tore her skirt on a nail.vt. 把撕掉，扯下 （常与from, off, down连用）tear the page/notice down from the calendar/walltear at 用力扯 tear at the cloth/her hairtear down 拆毁（建筑物）tear down old buildings to make way for the roadtear away from 忍痛离开 tear him away from the TV/computertear up 撕碎 tear up the lettern. 眼泪 （c）

9、shed tears move sb to tears burst into tearsin tears 含泪，流着眼泪tell：v. 讲，说，告诉 tell a story/a lie/the truthHe told me of/about his worries.吩咐，命令，指示 tell sb (not) to do sth.辨别，判断，看出；知道（与can, could, be able to连用，多用于否疑）Can you tell the difference between the two?It is difficult to tell one twin from the ot

10、her/the twins apart.I cant tell which bag is hers. 分辨不出No one can tell what will happen in the future. 谁也不知道I told you so. 你看。（我跟你讲过，你就是不听吧）You can never tell. 谁也不敢说。teller （银行）出纳员 ATM tend：vi. 倾向，易于He tends to get angry when people oppose to his plan.I tend to wake up early in the morning.The sort

11、of music he listens varies, but tends to/towards popular music.tendency n. 倾向，趋势 Wood has a tendency to shrink if it gets wet.think：(thought, thought) 想；考虑认为 Do you think it will rain tomorrow? Yes, I think so. No, I dont think so.I dont think it will rain tomorrow, will it?Tom is the person who I t

12、hink is fit for the job.Why do you think she burst into tears.I think it better to tell him the truth.think about 思考，考虑 think about movingthink much/highly of him重视，看重 think nothing/little of staying up all night 不在乎彻夜不眠think nothing/little of his theory 忽视他的理论think nothing of it! 哪儿的话（用于道谢或道歉的客气回答）

13、think of 想，考虑；认为 What do you think of the play?I think of him as my friend.想起（常在cannot, could not后）cant think of his phone numberthink for yourself 独立思考think the plan over 仔细考虑think up a way/a name 想出thought: n. 思考，考虑(uc) after a lot of thought be lost in thought想法，主意 tell me your thoughts on the ma

14、tter顾虑，关心 (c; uc) with no thought for his own safety, he rushed inShe is full of thought for others.thinking: 思考，思想，思维 be alike in thinking 思想相似to ones way of thinking=in ones opinionthoughtful 体贴的，想的周到的 Its thoughtful of you to remind me that.though：conj. 虽然，尽管(=although) We went out, though it was

15、 raining.He was happy, thought poor.Even though I fail, Ill keep on trying. 即使，纵然She treats me as though I were her daughter.adv. 可是，不过（置于句尾或插在句中）I cant stay. Ill have a coffee, though. 不能多待，不过through：prep. 透过，穿过，经过 The sun shone through the clouds.He went in through the window.The river/railway run

16、s through the city.（时间）整个；从开头到终了 stay through the wintersit through the movie all through his lifeHe was awake through the night.（手段，媒介）经由，通过 I got the news through Tom.（原因）因为，由于 He was sick through eating too much.He lost his job through his own mistakes.adv. 通过，穿过 The guard wouldnt let us through.

17、从头到尾 read the book through 完全的 be wet throughgo through difficulties/hardships 经历困难/艰辛 get through the exam 通过考试I called but couldnt get through 打通电话put you through to the manager 接通电话be through the work 做完工作see through his lies 看透/看穿throughout: 遍及于，到处 search/spread throughout the town/country整个期间，从

18、头到尾 throughout the nighttime：n. 时间(u)（与空间相对） time and space Time flies.She felt less sad as time passed.It wont take you much time to read through the book.(特定之)时，时机；好机会 at Christmas time 圣诞节时Its (high) time that we had/should have dinner.Every time I saw him, I found him taller.You can call me any

19、time you want to.时代（常复）in ancient times hard times Times have changed.次，回 He has been to London three times.This is the first time that I have visited a foreign country.倍 Your cake is three times the size of mine.vt. （为选手等）计时 time a runner in a raceahead of time 提前，提早 I got there ahead of time (反beh

20、ind time)all the time 总是，一直 She kept crying all the time.at a time 一次 one person at a timeat all times 总是，一直at any time 随时 You may use my bike at any time.at one time 曾经 At one time, there were not so many cars on the streets.at times 有时by the time 在以前 Ill have finished paying for my house by the ti

21、me I retire.for the time being 暂时from time to time 有时，偶尔 He wrote to me from time to time.gain time （钟表）走快（反 lose time）in no time 立即，马上 In no time will he be back.in time 来得及；总有一天，迟早 You will succeed in timekeep good/bad time （钟表）很准/不准kill time 消磨时间nine times out of ten 十有八九take ones time 慢慢来 You do

22、nt have to answer quickly. Take your time!time after time=time and (time) again 屡次thanks for your timely help. 及时的，合适宜的Its a time-consuming job. 费时的，太花时间的tire：vt. 使疲倦 Working all day tired me out.使厌烦，使厌倦 His long speech tired the wedding guests.be tired from/with(with少用) 因疲倦I was tired from working

23、all day.be tired of 厌烦了 I am tired of fish/his silly questions.tiredly tiredness a tiresome child令人厌烦的，讨厌的 a tiring job令人疲惫的)top：n. 顶部，上端 at the top of the mountain/page the hill tops（桌子的）表面；（车的）顶棚 the top of the table/car首位；最高程度 at the top of her class/voiceadj. 最高的，一流的 on the top floor top ten dri

24、ve at top speedvt. 胜过，超过 the investments topped fifty million dollars.touch：vt. （用手）触，摸，碰 Dont touch anything.The long branches touched the window of my room.感动，使动心 The play touched people. a touching playI was touched by her gentleness.n. 接触 keep/get/be in touch with his old friendslose touch with

25、be out of touch withtrain：n. 火车，列车 by train get on/off a traincatch/miss a train take the express train to Bjv. 训练，培训，培养; 驯养 I was trained as a nurse.He is training to be a lawyer.They trained the horse for the next race.training n. 训练，培养；驯化(uc) go into training for a racetrainer 训练者，教练员 trainee 受训者

26、travel：vi. 旅行 travel abroad/all over the world（光，声音等）行进 Light travels faster than sound.We should travel light. 轻装旅行n. 旅行（uc）space travel 太空飞行 Im fond of agency 旅行社 travel agent 旅行代理人treat：vt. 对待；当作 treat us with respect treat the child as one of the family治疗（病人，疾病等）treat cancer/the pa

27、tientsv. 请客，款待 treat him to dinner/a movien. 做东，请客 This is my treat.(难得的)乐事 Its a great treat for him to go to Canada.treatment n. 对待，处理；治疗(u) 治疗法（c）trick：n. 诡计，骗局，花招 Her tears were just a trick to deceive others. 欺骗别人的诡计把戏，魔术 card tricks 扑克魔术 My dog has learned some tricks.窍门，诀窍 the trick of drivin

28、g the car/making good coffee恶作剧 play tricks on usvt. 欺骗，哄骗 They tricked me into signing the contract.tricky adj. （人，行动等）狡猾的，奸诈的；（工作，问题）棘手的trouble：n. 困难，烦恼(u) have trouble with his work/(in) finding his way麻烦的人© He is a great trouble to his parents.烦劳，费心(u) It will be no trouble to drive you to

29、the station.不费事give/save somebody trouble 给某人添/减少麻烦疾病；（机器的）故障 (u) heart/engine trouble使烦恼，使忧虑 She was troubled by her mothers illness.麻烦，烦劳（有事求人帮助时的委婉说法）Can I trouble you with one more question/to shut the door?费心，特意做Dont trouble to meet me at the airport. 不必费心ask for trouble 自找麻烦be in trouble 处境困难g

30、et into trouble 陷入困难make trouble 惹事，捣乱take the trouble to see me off 费神做spare no trouble to help us 尽心尽力地帮我们try：v. 尝试；努力 try to learn Spanish try ones best to winHe tried cleaning the spot with alcohol. 试着用酒精擦拭试用，试吃等 try the new shampoo/dishes审判（某人）He was tried for stealing. 因偷窃收到审判使受到磨难或严厉的考验 You a

31、re trying my patience. 我受不了了try on 试（衣服，鞋，帽子等）try out （彻底试验）机器；试用（某方法）try out the computerTry out the idea in practice.try out for 努力争取（成为其中一员a team or a play）try out for the football team/the playturn：v. （使）（身体，方向，注意力）转向 turn left/rightHe turned and left. Turn your attention to your study（使）（状态，性质）

32、改变（成）；（使）变颜色Soon her happiness turned to fear.Her hair has turned grey. Later he turned doctor.超过（某时间，年龄）She has turned forty. It has turned two oclock.turn about/around 转身turn away 背过脸去 She turned away and began to cry.turn back 折回，返回 We had better turn back now.turn down 调小，关小turn down the radio 拒

33、绝 turn down ones offerturn in 上交；把交给警方 turn sb. inturn inside out 把（口袋）翻出来；彻底搜查turn the pocket/house inside outturn off 关掉（灯，电视；煤气，水等）turn off the oven/radio/tapturn on 打开（水龙头，煤气；灯，电视等）turn out 结果是 Everything turned out well.The rumor turned out (to) be true.He turned out to live in the countryside.

34、 原来他住在农村It turned out that the rumor was true.生产，出产The factory can turn out 1000 cars a day.turn over 移交（工作），转让（公司），引渡（罪犯等）He turned his company over to his son.(使)翻覆 The huge wave turned the boat over.He turned over, unable to fall asleep.turn to 向求助 turn to sb. for help/adviceturn up 把（音量，龙头）开大 tu

35、rn up the radio（某人）出现，露面，（东西）突然出现，找到He turned up late at the meeting.The key you lost has turned up.n. 转动；转折点 at the turn of the century 世纪之交by turns 轮流 We drove the car by turns=took turns in/at driving/to drivein turn 依次地 They sang on the stage in turn. 依次在台上唱歌under：prep.（表位置）之下；的里面She held her pu

36、rse under her arm.（表程度）未满，未达Children under six years old are admitted free.Please drive under the speed limit.（表继续）正在中 under construction/ repair/ discussion/ investigation（表基准）在（状况）之下，根据（规则）Under these circumstances/the new rules, it is not allowed.在（掩护）之下 under a false name under the cover of dark

37、nessunderstand：v. 懂，理解，了解 -English/each othervt. 听说，了解到I - that your are planning to go to Africa.推测，认为 May I - that you have agreed?make oneself understood 让别人了解/清楚表达自己的意思understanding n. (uc) 理解力 beyond my understandingunless：conj. 除非 I jog every day unless bad weather stops me.She said nothing un

38、less (she was) spoken to.until：prep.& conj. 直到为止 Lets wait until the rain stops.They didnt find her until the next day.Not until the next day did they find her.It was not until the next day that they find her.upset：(upset, upset; upsetting)v. 打翻，弄翻 upset the vase/sugar/boatvt. 使心烦意乱，使困扰 I was up

39、set by the news.His strange behavior upset his father.（使胃等）不舒服 Peanuts always upset my stomach.adj. 翻倒的 an upset boat心烦意乱的（指作表语）I was really upset.n. 同动词词意书面表达指导：写作提示：审题：确定要点和细节；确定时态和人称语言：此篇作文应避免表达相同句式、词汇的重复使用。要点：勿忘提及晚上乘车又返回学校。细节：细节添加要得当、有效。避免太空洞或太细化。练习：假定你是李华，你校明天将组织来访的外国朋友游览北京，并由你担任导游。请根据下面图示，用英语写

40、一篇讲话稿，准备在今晚向外国朋友简要介绍明天的活动安排。 Expressions to replace “visit”· head for the GW· pay a two-hour visit to the GW· The GW will be our first destination, and we will have a two-hour hike there.· show you around the snack street· Well stop at the SST for an hour for lunch.· We

41、 are to arrive at the SP at 2 pm.One possible versionGood evening, ladies and gentlemen. My name is Li Hua. I have the honor of being your guide tomorrow. Now I'd like to give you a brief introduction to our tour.Well meet at the school gate at 8:00 am and set off by bus. As the old Chinese sayi

42、ng goes, “He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man”. The first place we will visit is that world famous spot. When you are standing on the wall, you will feel amazed at this man-made wonder on earth. After two hours there, well leave for a snack street where varieties of foods will be

43、waiting for you to try. Theafternoon tourwill begin from the Summer Palace at about 2:00 pm. You can take a boat to enjoy the beautiful scenery in the garden and feel free to look around there until 4:00 pm. In the evening, we will watch a wonderful Beijing opera which will let you experience a real

44、 Chinese culture. After the show, well return to the school at about 9:00 pm.Thanks for your listening and I hope you can enjoy your tour tomorrow. One more exampleThe arrangement of tomorrows tour is as follows. Please listen carefully. Well set out at 8 am, outside the gate of our school, heading

45、towards the Great Wall. In the course of the visit there from 9 am to 11 am, the world famous Great Wall will impress you with its breathtaking scenery for sure. As the Chinese put it, no one can be a real hero until he has visited the Great wall. Well spend lunchtime in a street lined with shops se

46、lling snacks, which are specially intended for foreign friends. The delicious food deserves an hour to enjoy.From 2 pm to 4 pm, the next stop is the Summer Palace, which once functioned as the imperial garden. Boating on the lake, youll find all the tiredness wiped out. Finally, no tour in Beijing is complete without viewing the well-known Beijin