浅议任务型阅读题解题策略

1、浅议任务型阅读题解题策略孙三五任务型阅读要求考生根据阅读文章提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表,并有一定字数的限制。主要考察学生获取信息的能力(对应信息查找题、组织信息的能力(对应信息转换题和概括表达信息能力(对应信息归纳题。一、解题步骤:一般根据题目特点,可分为以下三步:1略读快速浏览抓住文章中心大意以及文章的结构(借助所给图表结构。2细读带着问题,找到文章对应点,确认题型,分析整理归纳信息并且准确表达信息。3复读复读文章,反复揣摩所填之词是否符合文章内容,其拼写是否正确。二、解题技巧:1.信息查找题解题关键是根据问题查找定位信息。常用方法是带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。如:(15

2、W and 1H:who, what ,when, where ,why ,how(2时间先后: first , then , after ,that , next, finally(3因果:because , thus , lead to, cause, as a result (4比较:similarly, differently(5转折:but, while, however, instead, on the contrary2.信息转换题解题关键:是根据问题查找定位信息,加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。常见的转换方式有:(1.词性转换(2.句子结构转换(3.同义词和反义词转换。由于此类

3、题是高考最常考的题型,这里结合近年来的高考题做具体的讲解。(1词性转换,即练习将一种词类转换成另一种词类,主要包括动词与名词转换、形容词与副词转换、形容词与名词转换。解题方法很简单,只要在文中找到关键词即可。例如:1.原文:be responsible for your own learning.(2008江苏高考题转换成表格中:Take(76_ for ones own learning.分析:抓住关键词responsible,将它转换为名词。答案为responsibility。2.Positive,negative,and neutral messages that you receive

4、 from others all playa role in determining who you are.(2009江苏高考题转换成表格中:Messages from others help you(73 who you are.分析:抓住关键词determining,将此动名词转换为动词原形,因有词组let sb. do。答案为:determine/define/know/understand3. communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicatorconsiders what the other

5、 person needs and expects when selecting messages to share.(2009江苏高考题转换成表格中:Needs and(74 of others should be considered.分析:抓住关键词expect,将它转换为名词。答案为:expectations/hopes/ desires/wishes。4. With all the information available, it's not surprising that people can feel confused.(2009安徽高考题转换成表格中:There is

6、 a lot job information on-line, but too much of it may sometimes be (77_.分析:抓住关键词confused,由于题目中的主语是too much of it,因此答案为confusing。5. Regularly updated, the Handbook is available as a book and on-line. (2009安徽高考题转换成表格中:The information is updated in a (78_ manner.分析:抓住关键词regularly,转换成形容词。答案为:regular6.

7、You can also learn how to apply for jobs.转换成表格中:Its vast resources include ways of job (79_. (2009安徽高考题分析:抓住关键词apply, 转换成名词。答案为:application。7. It's worth taking the time and finding as much information as you can. (2009安徽高考题转换成表格中:The time you spend and the efforts you make will be (85_.分析:抓住关键词

8、worth,转换成形容词。答案为:worthwhile。(2句子结构转换。做此类题首先要理解题意,其次仔细比较原句和题目,明白出题人的意图,只要找出题眼就不难得出答案。以2009年江苏高考题为例:1.原文:But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication.转换成表格中:we are always(71 in communication with others.分析:首先要将原文句意理解透彻,题意为:每一天我们在沟通中都是以自我为中心的。其次分析出题人的意图,找出题眼,本题是如何将题眼the cen

9、trality of our selves转换为一个表语,就本题应为一个形容词。答案为: self-centered/subjective。2.原文:we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.转换成表格中:We are constantly(78 meanings by what we do.分析:本题题意不难理解,即:我们应常向他人提供有交际价值的行为。出题人的意图是:have communicative value= _?_ meanings. 答案为: conveying/ex

10、pressing3. 原文:Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.转换成表格中:Yon may redo the conversation,but you(80 achieve the same results.分析:很容易看出本题的意图:made far different results= _?_ achieve the same results. 答案为:cant/cannot(3.同义词和反义词转换,即练习将一词的反义词找出来。做此类题的技巧如下:1.以前缀

11、和后缀来表示,例如happy-unhappy,like - dislike,等。例题如下:原句:She thought her husband was faithful to her. But the discovery shocked her.转换为: The discovery that her husband was to her was a shocking to her.分析:由原句中的后半句知Her husband was not faithful to her。因此需要找出一个词和not faithful意义相同的词。答案:unfaithful。2.有很多词并没有前缀和后缀形式标

12、志,如old - young, long - short,different- same等。例题如下:原句:He seldom visited his friend Tom after the quarrel last time.转换为:But for the quarrel last time, he would be a visitor to his friend, Tom.分析:仔细分析原句,知本题关键是找出seldom的反义词,而且能修饰visitor。答案:frequent。3.以词组形式出现,如:be good at - be weak in,get into - get out

13、of, turn on - turn off,turn down - turn up, be awake - be asleep, catch up with - fall behind, both. and. - neither. nor等。例题如下:原句:Everything in the house was neat and tidy. But the naughty boy changed it thoroughly.转换为:The naughty boy left everything in the house in a .分析:本题关键是找出一个和in搭配的固定短语作为neat and tidy的反义短语。答案:mess。3.信息归纳题1.解题关键是根据问题查找定位信息,找共性的东西。归纳词的特征有:概括性,在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息;针对性,量体裁衣,大小适度;醒目性,简洁。常见概括