2014先进模拟技术用户大会研讨会modeling

1、DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE双离合器的建模与应用分析Li Yiminyimin.li离合器The ClutchEXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 20142离合器与描述 离合器q§§§离合器是传动系中直接与发保证汽车平稳起步；飞轮相连接的部件，其功用为：切断发与传动系的，保证换挡时工作平顺；限制所传递的力矩，防止传动系过载(相对).q离合器的分类：摩擦式离合器、液力耦合器、电磁离合器。E

2、XCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 20143摩擦式离合器的主要部件(手动变速器)Pressure plateHousingFriction plate driven partFlywheel- driving part离合器与描述 干式离合器接合(close)分离(open)§ 不同的方式§ 推式设计(a)§ 拉式设计(b)§ 摩擦力：Ff = FN ×m§ 可传递扭矩:2(R3 - r3

3、)R + r= oi 2r=M= F × n × rror(- r 2 )oimmTfm3 R2oin§ 单盘式/多盘式设计Ff is friction force N, FN normal force N, friction coefficient, MT transmitted torque Nm, n number of friction surfaces, rm mean radius of friction lining, Ro outer radius and ri inner radiusSource: “Fahrzeuggetriebe” VDI,

4、 Springer VerlagEXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 20144离合器与描述通过摩擦来传递动力Ff = FN × mm = f (ar ,t,T , Dv,.)- 摩擦MT = Ff × n × rm- 可传递力矩2(R3 - r3 )R + rr= oi 2orr(R - r ) oimm223oiFf 摩擦力N, FN 法向力N, 摩擦系数, MT 传递力矩Nm, n 摩擦面数量, rm 摩擦面平均半径

5、,Ro 与ri 摩擦区域的外径与内径。EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 20145离合器与描述qStick/slip发生在离合器接合的状态下，有时由快速而剧烈的负载变化，法向夹紧力波动引起。 可用摩擦力的状态描述与反映Stick/slip:ì Ff£ m0 × FN= -m × FN= FS= 0 (stic)if vrelïíïFfîAFæ m ö

6、= -ç m ÷ × FS × sign vrel× sign vrel¹ 0 (slip)if vrelè0 øt= PF × te = ò FFD × vrel (t) × tedt0Ff 摩擦力, 0 静摩擦系数, 动摩擦系数 =f(vrel), FN 法向力, FS 最大静摩擦力 vrel 相对速度.PF 摩擦损失功率, te 接合时间, FFD 动态摩擦力.q类似的，也可使用力矩的方式去描述 stick/slip.EXCITE DCT Ming and Analys

7、is in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 20146离合器基本动力学模型q离合器连接作用的动力学方程描述：m&x&+ cx& + kx = f (= nmFN )Jj&& + cj& + kj = fEXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 20147离合器基本动力学模型EXCITE DCT Ming and Analys

8、is in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 20148离合器基本动力学模型 Simple 1D Approach两种主要方法:§Sticking状态时使用高刚度大阻尼§slippage状态时定义相关的摩擦函数简化的 ETD 离合器模型Pressure plateà 传动系低频扭振EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 20149Engine

9、 and Flywheel representationFriction plateDrive Line representation离合器基本动力学模型EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201410ENGINE STARTCLUTCH ENGAGEDMISFIRING (PERMANENT and RANDOM)离合器基本动力学模型q系统动力学与简化的摩擦模型描述如下：EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/

10、AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201411离合器基本动力学模型*stick/slipslippingstickingEXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201412新的离合器单元(EPU)Elasto-Plastic Clutch Joint (EPCL)§1D的扭转方法§基于集擦模型性粗糙接触的单一状态变量摩§通过预定义的接合力特性曲线实现接合/

11、脱离§考虑静摩擦/滑动摩擦及临界状态摩擦§适用于各种类型的摩擦离合器Elastic DeflectionRelative Clutch SpeedClutch Torque5e-0051009080706050403020100302520151050-5-10-15-204e-0053e-0052e-0051e-0050-1e-005-2e-005-3e-005-4e-00500.20.40.60.8100.20.40.60.8100.20.40.60.81Time (s)Time (s)Time (s)EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EX

12、CITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201413Clutch Speed difference (rad/s)Torque (Disk Side) (N.m)Elastic Deflection z (m)新的离合器单元应用(EPU)EPCL的应用：ups!离合器的不恰当应用 峰值扭矩§接合/脱离动力学特性«传动系shuffle§§离合器 chatter 导致的传动系振动§自动变速箱的离合/制动§紧急制动(风力发电机)通用的旋转结构离合/制动动力特性

13、7;EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201414新的离合器单元应用示例(EPU)示例:车辆弹射起步Clutch Clamping ForceFClamp6000engaged动作45003000Launch1500disengaged0012345Time (s)Engine and Driveline Speed6000Engine Transmission变速箱输入500040003000200010000012345Time (s)Clut

14、ch Torque500400MClutch300200engaged峰值力矩是否超过离合器限值1000disengaged-100-200012345Time (s)EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201415Angular Velocity (1)Clamping ForceTorque (N.m)双离合器建模EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL

15、Seminar, 25th September 201416双离合器建模 离合器建模方法:§离合器部件结构质量体现至轴与飞轮体上(NOD6/忽略结构刚度)§纯扭方向耦合(ROTX)EXCITE连接副FTAB (表格方式定义连接属性)§§Coulomb 摩擦/ Slippage模型§摩擦力矩与相对角速度§从Sticking到Sliding状态变化的评估Torque Curve - 3000 rpm - C=0.05%§反映离合器颤振(自激振动)chatter4003002001000-100-200-300-400-2-1 5

16、-1-0.500.511.52Rel. Angular Velocity 1/secEXCITEAVL Seminar, 25th September 201417Friction Torque Nm双离合器建模 DCT建模/ 部件考虑DCT结构由以下主要部件组成:primary clutch part§主动盘(“housing”)§§§离合器从动盘与输入轴1离合器从动盘与输入轴2变速器输出轴§§轴与轴、轴与壳体的径向与止推轴承曲轴与主动盘之间可选的TV减振器outer gear shaft(gear shaft 2)inner ge

17、ar shaft (gear shaft 1)clutch disksgearbox output shaftEXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201418双离合器建模 连接副与齿轮轴支承离合器从动盘与相关的齿轮轴用(CON6/NOD6)建模Bearing to Housing压盘从属于离合器主动部分FlywheelBearing between rotating parts飞轮直接与曲轴相连PrimClutch飞轮与离合器主动部分之间的刚度阻尼乃

18、至TVD此简化模型并不包括输出轴及齿轮与传动系齿轮轴上包括齿轮的有效质量与惯量EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201419GearShaft1GearShaft2双离合器建模 连接副与齿轮轴支承离合器主动部分与输入轴2的径向支承接副中用表格的方式FTAB定义不同自在同由度的刚度与阻尼特征不同轴间的径向支承变速器输入轴2与飞轮间的径向支承用FTAB定义飞轮与离合器主动部分连接特征(与设 计相关)齿轮轴在壳体的径向支承齿轮轴在壳体的轴向支承EXCIT

19、E DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201420双离合器建模 负载力矩的施加负载力矩:§负载力矩施加于齿轮轴1或齿轮轴2，取决于当前挡位§通过变参定义载荷是否起作用扭矩可施加在啮合齿轮处或轴段末端(灵活处理)§EXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201421双离合器建模 曲轴与离合器间的

20、连接特征§旋转耦合使用Tabular Joint (FTAB) : 同一连接副中可定义不同自由度的连接特征CS与Clutch之间的TV减振器连接示例(不包含在本模型示例中; 示例中使用较为刚性的连接)Rotational stiffness around rotationalaxis with TVDRotational stiffness around rotational axis withstiff coupling (15000 Nm/deg)operatingpointclearanceUse initial shift (see DMF template)operating rangeEXCITE DCT Ming and Analysis in EXCITE/AST China User Meeting, AVL Seminar, 25th September 201422不同