山西省2016中考英语第二轮语法考点聚焦第29讲动词和动词短语习题课件

1、山西省山西省英语英语第第2929讲动词和动词短语讲动词和动词短语动词动词是表示动作或状态的词。动词分为四类：实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。考点一实义动词的用法(及物动词与不及物动词)实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。按其是否跟宾语分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)；按是否具有延续性分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。1及物动词及物动词就是后面接宾语意义才完整的动词。如love，need，want，ask，have，help，teach，make等。如：We love our great motherland very much.我们非常爱我们的伟大的祖国。My grandfather b

2、ought me a nice toy.我的祖父给我买了一个漂亮的玩具。I will return the story book to him.我准备把故事书还给他。2不及物动词不及物动词本身意义完整，其后不必跟宾语。如come，go，run，travel，listen，swim，work等。如果需要带宾语，则不及物动词需要跟适当的介词连用。如：He study hard.他学习很努力。People often swim in the river.人们经常在这条河里游泳。I lived in Shanghai last year.去年我住在上海。The baby is looking at u

3、s.小孩正看着我们。He is listening to the teacher.他正在听老师讲课。系动词本身没有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。常考系动词的分类考点二系动词的用法【考点直击1】1My parents expected me to be the best.I dont want to let them down _(2015，凉山)Amake.happy Bmake.tiredCmake.excited Dmake.disappointed2It will _only about 50 minutes to travel to

4、Mount Wuyi by highspeed railway.(2015，福州)Wow，how exciting！I cant wait.AtakeBspendCcostDA3Do you think our basketball team will win the match？(2015，自贡)Yes，we have better players.So I _them to win.Ahope Bhelp Cexpect4Do you know the song Where has the time gone?Sure.It _beautiful.I like it a lot.(2015

5、，鄂州)Asmells Btastes Csounds Dlooks5The meat on the plate _so delicious.Lets try it together.(2015，青岛)Asmells Bsounds Csees DfeelsCCA6There are dark clouds，and the wind is blowing strongly.It _that a typhoon is coming.(2015，沈阳)Afeels Bsounds Cseems Dlooks7This kind of cloth _soft.(2015，黑河)Afeels Btas

6、tes Csmells8Hou Yi Shoots Sun _one of the most traditional stories in China.(2015，贵阳)Awas Bis CareCAB9The money _real.In fact，its not.(2015，张家界)Ais Blooks Cmust be10Dinner is ready.Help yourself，please!Wow！It _delicious.You are really good at cooking.(2015，丹东)Agets Bsounds Ctastes DturnsBC考点三助动词的用法助

7、动词本身没有意义或意义不完全，不能单独用作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外，还可以用来构成否定、疑问或强调的句型。具体用法见下表：助动词作用bebe现在分词进行时be过去分词被动语态do形式有do，does，did，用于构成疑问句和否定句，或用在动词前加强语气。havehave/has过去分词现在完成时had过去分词过去完成时havebeen现在分词现在完成进行时will/shall would/should动词原形过去将来时will/shall动词原形一般将来时【注意】will，would，shall，should除了表示将来时间以外，更多的

8、是作情态动词。1常见情态动词的用法情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，后面必须接动词原形。常见的情态动词有：may，must，need，ought to等，具体用法见下表：考点四情态动词的用法情态动词用法例句can表示能力，意为“能，会”Sam can speak English well.山姆英语讲得很好。表示请求、允许，意为“可以”Can I borrow you bike？我可以借你的自行车吗？表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句She cant be at home now because I saw her in the library just

9、now.她这会不可能在家，因为我刚刚在图书馆见到她了。couldcan的过去式，意为“能，会”，表示过去的能力Lang Lang could play the piano well when he was young.郎朗很小的时候钢琴就弹得非常好。在疑问句中表示委婉的语气Could I have one cup of tea？我可以要一杯茶吗must表示主观看法，意为“必须”You must finish your homework first.你首先必须完成你的家庭作业。表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句，表示“一定”The coat mustnt be Marys，because her na

10、me was on the coat.这个大衣肯定不是玛丽的，她的大衣上面有她的名字。4引导原因状语从句的从属连词从属连词意义用法because因为回答why引导的问句。since既然语气比because弱，表示原因是对方已知的。as由于，因为语气比since弱，表示原因是对方已知的，一般放在主句之前，有时也可置于其后。should意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告和建议We should protect the air fresh.我们应该保持空气清新。ought toYou ought to teach them carefully.你应该耐心的教导他们。may表示请求、许可，意

11、为“可以”You may sit here if you want.如果你想的话，你可以坐在这儿。表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能，也许”She may come back tomorrow，but I am not sure.她可能明天来，但是我不确定。mightmay的过去式He asked if he might go home.他问他是否可以回家了。表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉Might I smoke here？我可以在这里吸烟吗？表示推测，常用于肯定句，意为“可能、也许”(可能性比may小)It might rain tomorrow.明天可能有雨。need表示需要，主要

12、用于否定句和疑问句中You neednt say sorry to him.你不需要对他说对不起。2常见情态动词的否定形式的用法情态动词否定形式用法例句cant表示推测，意为“不可能”Lily cant be at home because I saw her go out just now.莉莉不可能在家，因为我看到她刚刚出去了。mustnt意为“一定不要，不允许”You mustnt play football on the road.不允许在马路上踢足球。shouldnt意为“不应该”We shouldnt waste water.我们不应该浪费水资源。neednt意为“不需要”Must

13、 I finish my homework now？No，you neednt.我必须现在完成我的家庭作业吗？不，你不需要。had better not意为“最好不要”You had better not smoke，its bad for your health.你最好不要吸烟了，它对你的身体不好。【考点直击2】1What about going swimming this afternoon?You _be joking！Dont you know Im afraid of water？(2015，龙东)Amay Bcan Cmust2You _tell anybody about thi

14、sits a secret.(2015，张家界)Acan Bmust Cmustnt3Must I practice the violin now，mom？(2015，六盘水)No，you _You can go out for a walk.Amustnt Bshouldnt Ccant DneedntCCD4Whos singing in the garden？(2015，丹东)It _be Tom.He always practices singing at this time.Acant BneedCmust Dmustnt5We _wait until the traffic lig

15、ht turns green when we cross the road.(2015，淮安)Amust Bcan Cneed Dmay6The winner of the race is a tall and thin boy with glasses.Then it _be my friend，Mike，who looks very fat.(2015，营口)Amight Bcant Ccould DmustCAB7The girl in the classroom _be Mary.She called me from Beijing just now.(2015，贵港)Amustnt

16、Bneednt Cshouldnt Dcant8Whose book is this？(2015，莆田)It _Amys.Well，her name is on the cover of the book.Amust be Bcant be Cmustnt beDA动词短语 动语短语分类1动词副词add up加起来；break out爆发；carry on坚持下去，继续下去；clean up清除，收拾干净；clear up收拾，(天气)放晴；come back回来，想起来；come down落下来；cut down砍倒；cut off切断；cut up切碎；eat up吃光，吃完；fall b

17、ehind落在后面，输给别人；find out发现，查明；get along取得进展；get together聚会，联欢；get up起床；give away分发，赠送；give back归还，送回；give out分发，用完，耗尽；give up放弃；go away走开，离去；grow up长大成人，成长；hand out分发；hold on坚持，(打电话)别挂断；keep on继续(进行)；let in让进来，放进；look ahead向前看；look up查找；pay back偿还(借款等)；pick up捡起，开车接，学会；point out指出，标明；put off推迟；put on

18、穿，戴上，上演；put up举起，张贴；start off出发；stay up熬夜；take off脱下，起飞；turn down声音调小；turn off关闭；wake up唤醒，醒来；watch out当心；work out算出2动词介词agree with赞同，同意(某人的看法)；arrive at/in到达；ask for请求，询问；base on以为依据；belong to属于；break into破门而入；call for需要，呼吁；care for在乎，关心；come from来自；deal with处理，对付；depend on/upon依靠，相信，依赖；get over克服；

19、get to到达；go by走过，经过；go over仔细检查，复习；knock at敲；laugh at嘲笑；learn from向学习；look after照顾；look at看，观看；look for寻找；look like看起来像；pass by经过；point to指向；quarrel with(和某人)争吵；stand for代表(某事物)，支持；stick to坚持；talk about谈论，议论；think about考虑；think of想起，想出，认为；wait for等待3动词副词介词add up to加起来，总计；catch up with赶上；come up with

20、想出；get along with相处；go on with继续进行；keep away from远离；keep up with跟上；和保持联系；look down on/upon看不起；look forward to盼望；look out of朝外看；make up of由组成，构成；run out of耗尽【注意】对于动词副词类的短语，如果是名词作宾语，那么这个名词既可以放在短语之间也可以放在短语的后面，但是如果是代词作宾语，则代词一定要放在短语之间。如：He turned off all the lights when he left.当他离开时，他关上了所有的灯。He picked i

21、t up and gave it to me.他捡起它，然后把它交给了我。【考点直击3】1I really need to take more exercise because Im _weight.(2015，杭州)Aputting off Bputting onCputting down Dputting away2Helen is going to work in an old peoples home to help _the old people.(2015，菏泽改编)Alook forward to Blook afterClook throughBB3We have to _th

22、e bike ride because of the bad weather.(2015，济宁)Aput off Bturn offCtake off Dget off4I _my fathers wet shoes and washed his feet.(2015，株洲)Atook out Btook offCtook place5Where is your father，Helen？(2015，扬州)He is trying to _a new shower in the bathroom.Aput out Bput inCput through Dput downDBB6The ene

23、rgy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never _(2015，泰州)Acome out Bput outCcarry out Drun out7Do you know our new manager？(2015，苏州)Yes.He _to be a friend of my brother.Aturns up Bturns onCturns out Dturns off8Whats wrong with you，Eric？You look tired.I _to prepare for the final exam last

24、night.(2015，安顺)Apicked up Bwoke upCput up Dstayed upDCD1When I got to the bus stop，I missed the early bus and I had to _the next one.(2015，德州)Agive up Bkeep offCcall off Dwait for2While I was away from my home last year，I always _my family.(2015，菏泽)Aguessed BthoughtCmissed3More and more children in

25、the countryside are _school at an early age to look for work in the cities.(2015，菏泽)Agoing to Bleaving CbeginningDCB4Dear sister，does the TV show Dad comes back _our father？(2015，自贡)Sure，Dad has been away for about ten years.Alet you down Bhelp you outCremind you of5Whats wrong with Simon？He isnt at

26、 school today.His legs hurt.He was _by a motorcycle this morning.(2015，南京)Atreated BhitCoperated Dcured6Youd better _the test paper before handing it in.(2015，宜宾)Ago ahead Bgo onCgo off Dgo overCBD7Its too noisy outside.I cant fall asleep.Neither can IWe have to _new ways to solve the problem.(2015，

27、凉山)Acome up with Bend up withCmake up with Dcatch up with8Jenny，I hear there will be an art club in our school.Wonderful！I cant wait to _it.(2015，温州)Arepeat BforgetCreceive Djoin9Mom is making dinner.It _so nice！(2015，滨州)Asmells BtastesCfeels DsoundsADA10Susan _her friends invitation because of an i

28、mportant meeting.(2015，滨州)Atook down Bput downCturned down Dwrote down11The exam is over and results will be _on Friday afternoon.(2015，泰安)Aput down Bput offCput up Dput away12They walked home last night because they couldnt _to take a taxi.(2015，重庆A)Aleave Bbuy Cafford DallowCCC13The new sweater I

29、bought for my grandma _soft. She likes it very much.(2015，潍坊)Alooks BsmellsCtastes Dfeels14Dreams are beautiful.However，to _them needs lots of time and work.(2015，安徽)Adiscover BfindCachieve Dstop15We planned to meet at 10：30 at the station last Sunday，but Bob didnt _until 12：00.(2015，安徽)Aturn up Bgi

30、ve upCstay up Dgrow upDCA16A father in the UK has _a wonderful idea to send his kids to school on time.He takes his sons to their school in a white tank (坦克)(2015，临沂)Alooked up to Bmade upCcome up with Dshown up17She _tennis in the school team.Now she is a professional tennis player.(2015，威海)Ais use

31、d to play Bis used to playingCused to play18Fresh food is good for you.But you have to _it first because sometimes it is a little dirty.(2015，江西)Ataste Bsmell Cwash DplantCCC19How is Tom now?I hear the company _him a good job，but he refused it.(2015，呼和浩特)Aprovided BofferedCpassed Dintroduced20The bo

32、y has a good habit to _all the things in right places.(2015，呼和浩特)Aput away Bput upCtake away Dtake up21She realized she was wrong and _the argument.(2015，内江)Acheered up Bput upCtook up Dgave upBAD22Sportsmen wanted to arrive earlier so that they could have time to _before the race.(2015，聊城)Awarm up

33、Bhurry upCget up Dgive up23The company can _lunch for you if you work there.(2015，聊城)Afeed BprovideChave Deat24Lao Shes Teahouse _the changes in Chinese society over fifty years.(2015，天津)Adescribes BimprovesCprepares DcorrectsABA25Yunnan is beautiful and Im _visiting it again.(2015，天津)Akeeping clear

34、 of Bsuffering fromClooking forward to Drunning away from26Your mother _younger than she is.Thank you for saying so.(2015，重庆B)Alooks Blistens Csees Dhears27Its getting dark.Would you please _the light？(2015，重庆B)Aget on Bget offCturn on Dturn offCAC28Helen encouraged me to speak English as much as po

35、ssible because practice _perfect.(2015，盐城)Abecomes BbecameCwill make Dmakes29Hey，turn it off，please！We dont _music in the reading room.Oh，Im sorry，sir.I wont do it again.(2015，日照)Aallow Bhear Cenjoy Dlike30When Liu Xiang announced that he would _running forever，he burst into tears.(2015，日照)Agive awa

36、y Bgive upCgive out Dgive inDAB31The movie is so interesting that I dont )_seeing it again tomorrow.(2015，青岛)Aenjoy Bmind Ckeep Dfinish32The boy is sleeping.Please _the radio.(2015，益阳)Aturn up Bturn offCturn on33I need to _with some ways of getting money or Ill have to stop.(2015，绵阳)Apick up Bcome u

37、pCtake up Dset upBBB34Mike _reading playing computer games.(2015，眉山)Aprefers；than Bprefers；toCwould rather；than Dwould rather；to35Can I _dictionary from you，Lucy?Sorry，I dont have one.(2015，遂宁)Aborrow Blend Clent36Nobody should _learning all his life.(2015，遂宁)Agive up Bgive outCgive awayBAA37It is n

38、ecessary for everyone to _a good habit of reading.(2015, 济宁)Aenjoy Bchoose Cdevelop Daccept38The Apple Watch is very beautiful，but its too expensive.So I cant _it.(2015，武威)Asave BsupportCoffer Dafford39Its wellknown that learning English well _time and efforts.(2015，青海)Arequires Bwastes CtakesCDA40You have to be a fairly good speaker to _listeners interest for