复习动词-ing形式的用法

1、GrammarThe revision of v-ing动词动词-ing在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾补和状语。宾补和状语。一一. 动词动词-ing作作主语主语1. 请找出下列句子的主语。请找出下列句子的主语。1) Smoking does harm to our health.2) Playing basketball is so interesting.3) Working hard when you are young can help you live a better life when you are old.2. 动词动词-in

2、g形式作主语的几个常用句型：形式作主语的几个常用句型：1) 做某事没有好处：做某事没有好处： _2) 做某事没有用处：做某事没有用处： _/ _3) 做某事是浪费时间的做某事是浪费时间的: _4) 值得做某事：值得做某事：_5) 做某事毫无意义：做某事毫无意义：_6) There is no joking about such matters. _It is no good doing sth.It is no use / useless doing sth.It is useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing sth.It is worthw

3、hile doing sth.There is no point doing sth.这种事开不得玩笑。这种事开不得玩笑。二二. 动词动词-ing作作宾语宾语1. 请找出下列句子的宾语。请找出下列句子的宾语。1) He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. (_宾宾)2) However, he doesnt care about being famous. (_宾宾)2. 常跟动词常跟动词-ing作宾语的动词作宾语的动词: suggest, admit, avoid, keep, a

4、dvocate, mind, practice, risk, quit等。等。 常跟动词常跟动词-ing作宾语的的短语作宾语的的短语: feel like(想要想要), lead to, be busy, be worth, be addicted to, be accustomed / be used to, subscribe to, object to, pay attention to, look forward to, devoteto, be opposed to, have difficulty/ trouble (in) 等。等。动动介介3. 既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动

5、词既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词, 常见的有常见的有: love, like, hate, begin, start, continue, intend, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try等。等。但是有一些动词后接但是有一些动词后接v-ing形式形式/不定式结构意义完全不同不定式结构意义完全不同注意注意: remember doing _ remember to do _forget doing _ forget to do _regret doing _ regret to do _mean doing _ mean to do _tr

6、y doing _ try to do _stop doing _ stop to do _go on doing _ go on to do _ 记得做过某事记得做过某事记得要去做某事记得要去做某事忘记做了某事忘记做了某事忘记要去做忘记要去做后悔做了某事后悔做了某事很遗憾要去做很遗憾要去做意味着做某事意味着做某事打算做某事打算做某事尝试做某事尝试做某事尽力做某事尽力做某事停止做某事停止做某事停下来做另一事停下来做另一事继续做某事继续做某事接下来做另一件事接下来做另一件事三三. 动词动词-ing作作表语表语 My job is _ (teach) English. (放在放在_动词后面动词后面

7、)四四. 动词动词-ing作作定语定语1. 表用途。表用途。e.g. a waiting room=a room _2. 表正在进行，可以相当于一个表正在进行，可以相当于一个_从句。从句。e.g. I saw a waiting man there. =I saw a man _ there.teaching系系for waiting定语定语who was waiting练习：练习：1) They are visitors who come from several countries. (用分词作定语改写句子用分词作定语改写句子) 2) Three days later I received

8、 a letter which offered me the job. (用分词作定语改写句子用分词作定语改写句子) They are visitors coming from several countries.Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.五五. 动词动词-ing作作宾补宾补1. 常接常接v-ing形式做宾语补足语的动词有感官动词形式做宾语补足语的动词有感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, listen feel, find等等1) When I passed the tree, I

9、saw a girl _ (cry) under it.2) Many people felt the house _ (shake).2. 常接动词常接动词v-ing做宾语补足语的动词还有使役动词做宾语补足语的动词还有使役动词have, keep, get, leave等等 Dont leave me _ (wait) outside in the rain.练习：练习：1) The teacher found that his students were talking loudly in class. (用分词作宾补改写句子用分词作宾补改写句子)cryingshakingwaitingT

10、he teacher found his students talking loudly in class.六六. 动词动词-ing作状语作状语动词动词-ing在句子中可以充当时间、原因、条件、让步、在句子中可以充当时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随状语。结果、方式或伴随状语。判断下列句子中动词判断下列句子中动词-ing充当什么状语并进行句型转换充当什么状语并进行句型转换1. 动词动词-ing作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。 Seeing those pictures, he couldnt help thinking of those days

11、in Australia. =_ those pictures, he couldnt help thinking of those days in Australia.2. 动词动词-ing作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。 Being so poor, the parents couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital. =_ so poor, the parents couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital.When he sawBecause they were3

12、. 动词动词-ing作作条件状语条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。，相当于一个条件状语从句。 Given more time, hell do it better. =_ more time, hell do it better.4. 动词动词-ing作作让步状语让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。，相当于一个让步状语从句。 Being poor, he lives a happy life. =_, he lives a happy life.Though/ Although he is poorIf he is given 5. 动词动词-ing作作结果状语结果状语，可以用，可以用and连接

13、。连接。 The bus fell into the river, causing the deaths of 50 people. =The bus fell into the river _ the deaths of 50 people.6. 动词动词-ing作作方式或伴随状语方式或伴随状语，可以用，可以用and连接。连接。 They went into the classroom, laughing happily. = They went into the classroom _ happily.and it causedand laughed练习：练习：1) When they h

14、eard the bad news, they couldnt help crying. (用分词作状语改写句子用分词作状语改写句子) 2) While she was playing the piano, she got very excited. (用分词作状语改写句子用分词作状语改写句子)3) After they had finished their homework, they all went out to play. (用分词作状语改写句子用分词作状语改写句子)Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying.Playing the p

15、iano, she got very excited.Having finished their homework, they all went out to play.4) Because he was so angry, he couldnt go to sleep. (用分词作状语改写句子用分词作状语改写句子)5) As he didnt recognize the voice, he refused to give the person his address.(用分词作状语改写句子用分词作状语改写句子)6) Although he worked from morning till n

16、ight, he didnt get enough food. (用分词作状语改写句子用分词作状语改写句子)Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.Not recognizing the voice, he refused to give the person his address.Working from morning till night, he didnt get enough food.7) If you work hard, youll succeed. (用分词作状语改写句子用分词作状语改写句子)8) Though he had been

17、told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. (用分词作状语改写句子用分词作状语改写句子) 9) The plane was held up by the snowstorm and it caused the delay. (用分词作状语改写句子用分词作状语改写句子)10) I stood for a minute and looked at the blue sky. Working hard, youll succeed.Having been told many times, he still repeated the sam

18、e mistake.The planed was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.I stood for a minute, looking at the blue sky.七七. 动词动词-ing一般式和完成式的区别一般式和完成式的区别V-ing 的时态、语态和否定形式的时态、语态和否定形式形式 主 动被 动一般式doing 完成式否定式being done having done having been done not doing/ not being done/ not having done/ not having been do

19、ne一般式表示动作同时进行，完成式表示动作有明显的一般式表示动作同时进行，完成式表示动作有明显的先后顺序。先后顺序。一般式表示动作同时进行，完成式表示动作有明显的一般式表示动作同时进行，完成式表示动作有明显的先后顺序。先后顺序。1) _ (see) the beautiful scenery, the children felt excited.2) _ (write) the letter, John went to the post office.3) _ (tell) many times, the boy knew how to spell the English word.4) _

20、(not know) how to do it, he had to ask for help.5) _ (not receive) any reply, he decided to write another letter.Seeing Having written Having been told Not knowingNot having received 独立主格结构独立主格结构分词分词 (短语短语) 作状语时作状语时, 其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的

21、逻辑主语。就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 e.g. Because the boy led the way, we had no trouble finding the new school. =_leading the way, we had no trouble finding the new school.1) When winter comes, it gets colder and colder. =_ _, it gets colder and colder.2) After the rain had stopped, he went out for a walk. =_ _ _

22、 _, he went out for a walk.Winter coming The rain having stopped The boy九九. 需要记忆的特殊结构：需要记忆的特殊结构：1. Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday.2. Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.3. Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada.4. Considering his age, he looks quite young.,下列各句均有一处错误，找出这个错误并将下列各句均有一处错误，找出这个错误并将其改正。其改正。 1, Seeing the film before, he decided to stay at home to night. _ 2, Having knocked down by a car, he spent a week