超声珩磨工具设计

1、优秀本科毕业设计（论文）摘 要超声珩磨加工是在普通珩磨加工的基础上，对油石辅助以纵向超声振动，从而对一些精密零件如缸套等进行复合加工的一种高效率加工方式。超声珩磨装置的合理化设计是影响加工效果的关键因素。本文针对超声珩磨装置设计中存在的一些问题，对超声振动珩磨装置进行了合理化设计，重点进行了超声振动珩磨声学系统设计，包括：超声波发生器和换能器的选用、变幅杆的设计计算、振动圆盘的设计计算、以及挠性杆和油石子系统的设计等；此外进行了珩磨装置关键机构如分度进给机构、球头浮动连接机构等的设计。关键词：超声珩磨装置；变幅杆；振动圆盘；油石答辩无忧，值得下载！优秀本科毕业设计（论文）AbstractUlt

2、rasonic honing is a kind of high efficient machining method for precision parts such as cylinder, which can be realized through exerting ultrasonic vibration on honing oil-stones on the basis of conventional honing processing. Rationalizing design of ultrasonic honing device is a key factor influenc

3、ing machining effect. In this thesis, a kind of ultrasonic honing device was designed to resolve some problems existing current honing device. Especially, ultrasonic honing acoustic system was designed emphatically, including the choice of ultrasonic generator and transducer, optimizing calculation

4、of horn and vibration disk, and the design of flexibleness pole oilstone subsystem. Besides, other key devices such as feed mechanism and floating connection mechanism were designed in the thesis.Keywords: Ultrasonic honing device, Horn, vibration disk, oilstone答辩无忧，值得下载！优秀本科毕业设计（论文）目 录前 言·

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10、········································· 错误！未定义书签。11 珩磨加工 ······

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12、······ 错误！未定义书签。111 珩磨加工特点 ·········· 错误！未定义书签。112 珩磨工艺应用范围 ········ 错误！未定义书签。12 超声珩磨 ···············

13、3;·············································· 错误！未定义书签。121 超声珩磨工作原理

14、 ········ 错误！未定义书签。122 超声珩磨加工特点 ········ 错误！未定义书签。13 总体方案设计 ··························

15、3;···························· 错误！未定义书签。131 方案选择 ············ 错误！未定义书签。132 优化创新 ···&#

16、183;········ 错误！未定义书签。 第 2 章 超声波振动系统 ·····································&

17、#183;···· 错误！未定义书签。2. 1 超声波发生器 ·········································

18、83;············· 错误！未定义书签。2. 1. 1 超声波发生器的工作原理 ····· 错误！未定义书签。2. 1. 2 超声波发生器的选用 ······· 错误！未定义书签。2. 2 换能器 ···········

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20、3;···· 错误！未定义书签。221 换能器的分类及工作原理 ····· 错误！未定义书签。222 换能器的选择 ·········· 错误！未定义书签。23 变幅杆的设计 ···················

21、83;··································· 错误！未定义书签。231 变幅杆的材料 ·········· 错误！未定

22、义书签。232 变幅杆的类型 ·········· 错误！未定义书签。233 变幅杆的尺寸 ·········· 错误！未定义书签。234 连接和固定方式 ················· 3124 弯曲振动圆盘 ·&

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24、#183;··· 错误！未定义书签。2. 4. 1 弯曲振动圆盘的作用 ··············· 312. 4. 2 弯曲振动圆盘的设计 ··············· 3125 挠性杆油石座振动子系统 ·····

25、··························· 错误！未定义书签。 第 3 章 超声珩磨头体 ···················

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28、83;········· 错误！未定义书签。312 油石尺寸设计 ·········· 错误！未定义书签。3.2 油石座和挠性杆 ·······················&#

29、183;····························· 错误！未定义书签。321 油石座 ············· 错误！未定义书签。322 挠性杆 ·&#

30、183;··········· 错误！未定义书签。 答辩无忧，值得下载！优秀本科毕业设计（论文）3.3 珩磨油石与油石座的连接方式 ······························

31、; 错误！未定义书签。3.4 油石座挠性杆振动圆盘子系统的连接 ··············· 错误！未定义书签。3.5 胀锥设计 ··························

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34、7 弹簧的选用·················································

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36、;······· 错误！未定义书签。 第 5 章 进给机构和回复装置 ···································· 错误！未定义书签。5.1

37、进给机构 ·················································&

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41、 珩磨工艺参数与珩磨液 ····························· 错误！未定义书签。5.1 珩磨工艺参数 ···············

42、83;········································· 错误！未定义书签。511 珩磨速度v和网纹交叉角 ····

43、错误！未定义书签。512 珩磨油石工作压力 ········ 错误！未定义书签。513 工作行程 ············ 错误！未定义书签。514 珩磨加工余量 ·········· 错误！未定义书签。515 对工件珩磨前的要求 ·····

44、3;· 错误！未定义书签。5.2 珩磨液 ·············································

45、3;······················ 错误！未定义书签。 设计成果及工作原理介绍 ························

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51、183;····························· 62 参考文献 ···················

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53、;······································· 63 答辩无忧，值得下载！优秀本科毕业设计（论文）绪论目前在国产珩磨机上多采用碳化硅等普通珩磨油石，珩磨效率低、精度不稳定，不能

54、达到技术要求；也有改用金刚石、立方氮化硼等超硬磨料油石，但很难解决油石堵塞及划缸现象。如果采用新型特种加工方法-超声珩磨，就能很好地解决这些问题。超声珩磨是功率超声切削在珩磨中的应用，通过对普通珩磨中不断旋转并上下往复运动的珩磨头施加以超声频的振动来实现。由于附加了高频率的振动，使珩磨头上油石条的微磨粒运动规律发生了变化，形成了脉冲切削，加上功率超声的空化作用，使功率超声珩磨实现了高效、精密珩磨的要求。它与普通珩磨相比具有珩磨力小、珩磨温度低、油石不容易堵塞、加工效率高、加工质量好、零件滑动面耐磨性高等许多优点，完全能够解决普通珩磨存在的问题，尤其是铜、铝、钛合金等韧性材料管件以及陶瓷、淬火钢

55、等硬脆材料管件的珩磨问题。本次设计主要是对超声珩磨装置进行一些细节优化和创新设计，希望将超声珩磨的优良加工特性应用到更广范围普通金属的加工。答辩无忧，值得下载！优秀本科毕业设计（论文）第1章 概述11 珩磨加工的特点及应用范围111 珩磨加工的特点工件经切削加工，有时需要对其重要表面进行以进一步提高尺寸精度和形状精度为目的的精加工或进一步降低表面粗糙度为目的的光整加工。精整和光整均为终结加工，珩磨是一种固结磨粒压力进给切削的精整加工方法，它不仅能切除较大的加工余量，而且能有效地提高工件的尺寸精度和形状精度，降低表面粗糙度。112 珩磨工艺应用范围（1）大量应用于各种形状的孔的光整或精加工，孔径

56、范围1 1200mm，长度可达12000 mm，国内珩磨机工作范围：5250 mm，孔长3000mm。（2）可用于外圆、球面及内外环形曲面加工，如镀铬活塞环、挺杆球面与滚球轴承的内外圈等。（3）用于汽车、拖拉机与轴承制造业中的大量生产，也适用于各类机械制造中的批量生产。如珩磨缸套、缸孔、连杆孔、油泵油嘴与液压阀体孔、轴套、摇臂和齿轮孔等。（4）适用于金属材料与非金属材料的加工，如铸铁、淬火与未淬火钢、硬铝、青铜、硬铬与硬质合金、玻璃、陶瓷晶体与烧结材料等。12 超声珩磨工作原理及加工特点普通珩磨时，油石易堵塞，加工效率低，尤其是在珩磨铜、铝、钛合金等韧性材料管件时，油石极易堵塞，从而导致油石寿

57、命的过短，零件加工表面质量差，加工效率低等问题，倘若使用超硬磨料制作的油石进行普通珩磨时，一方面由于价格昂贵；另外，若产生油石严重堵塞现象，使其性能不能充分发挥，会造成严答辩无忧，值得下载！优秀本科毕业设计（论文）重浪费。超声技术用于珩磨是功率超声应用的新发展，超声技术用于珩磨加工的技术难度比用于切削加工的大，原因在于超声换能器传输到油石上去的路径长，能量传递元件多，需要转换振动方向，需要有较大功率的超声设备，并且对声的传输效率要求高，否则不但在加工区得不到足够的声能使效果变差，而且容易损坏超声振动系统。121 超声珩磨工作原理超声珩磨的工作原理是：换能器将超声波发生器产生的超声频电振荡信号转

58、换为超声频机械振动，变幅杆将换能器的纵向振动波放大后传给弯曲振动圆盘，挠性杆再将弯曲振动圆盘的弯曲振动变成纵向振动后传给油石座，油石座带动与之连接在一起的油石进行纵向振动。原理示意图如图1.1所示：1-换能器；2-变幅杆；3-弯曲振动圆盘；4-挠性杆；5-油石座；6-油石；7-油石的纵向振动波形；8-弯曲振动波形；9-节点；10-纵振波形在图中，超声波发生器通电后，产生的超声频电振荡，通过换能器1转换为超声机械振动，变幅杆2将纵向振动振幅放大传给振动圆盘3，挠性杆4接收振动圆盘3的弯曲振动，变成沿杆轴向方向的纵向振动，再传递给油石座5，油石座5带动油石6在珩磨头体中以给定的频率做直线往复运动进行超声珩磨加工。122 超声珩磨加工特点超声珩磨具有珩磨力小、珩磨温度低、油石不易堵塞、加工效率高、加工质答辩无忧，值得下载！优秀本科毕业设计（论文）量好零件滑动面耐磨性高等许多优点，完全能够解决普通珩磨存在的问题，尤其是铜、铝、钛