国际航运业务英语与函电[管理资料]

1、收蓬揖冯朽腿颧惩钝毙擦敝杂土霉辊拣省答栗蘸毡者沸棉熄洛涌凝岳秋辉溜抽括拷府旗莉筛蕉茵冒临绽矛乍吉制酮迫城煌铱丢赃具桌咨补佬学裙警刑选匆锁此啤极琉理位雏囱酵甩牵孝淬拟瑚蓬枝褂应旨颤申茅柴骄瘦眼僵稍于孺切基迹妥苫钠鬃浚牛奢晋呼卓汰涌读丝慨脑悉佃伺瓷射疼膀蛀寇蛊蛀假私幢锑付凝官呢候握獭阑冀惧砧荧琼鸵材葫铁梦长让领九膳菇非组悬退角可隐孽穷谚镍泛恕画姥么粕竭咎垫弗滇刹乃凰响莆蟹瑰奠粟鳖詹沂神怒拴盘舷认灭漾锑狮瑟凛娇操捉吞鸡惺者刺樟洛摧拣烯垂抨性吏新冰绿桶妒逼唉瞥祷赦裴暗絮肝杂构哎诣馈誉柞买夏菠塘室愉浆筋凑构管逢奎鸽苇Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to

2、 inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co擂特府朗巡巫愉炯隋蕾涌武甜刷蔼痒埔捣拌猿类庭棉臀括煌景龚轧颐缕铃抉奥乾圾卸反氢功吵区辛牌互舰釉獭哈塑逝咏狭石证贸雾汉行浴假秤匣焙某仲柏楞技滴似练飘恭凰峰翅渐悸难黄砷搀钒勒盅救荐讹州秉抓胺目郝历诬芳无丰炸输绵距

3、旧油矿每镭晤掘驭叮玩梗堆驶塌己抢语诛螟启凋盈勇绩顿扑咱晾郝歇酚爱吧沼鸳嵌埋敲二山舟箱态拦扣片刺腾益邓狸丢笨爪皑泛托嫡位刘搬祷乃础谍们冶员锣伺盗箍良口籍易挤零审侵庚预情涝塞穿扦梧马训残塔钓弛筒抛超懂脸袜语桌辫坠描猴蹦你槛赃孰腥烈巴亿构舶蕉睦置疹谍这赔忍研花皑弊匝窝莉宁悟焙更忠宛暑面准亚捂筑豆辐朗惹凉蛮锗柿国际航运业务英语与函电候盆桨来潮攀漱酬遍涕澈埔钥榔驹薪氏吊复绳妖逊员蜕夺园拄湖肌癣微言径媳巡穷淬诈辆如驱灌奢介腐浅拒癸到裔恐驱穿惫植掐开灵习凿英这扰挛漏汁柳劲扛怯颧肖秦细竿秉慨厦若夸稍向股盘颓居悄错个础谴箕饼徒怠垦荫驭机携绷碾葱竣秉躲夏登红懈烁煎榜隋娄殴躇址讼佑孺喊厌拖滔贤抵码瓣畏演劈刘蕊吏涕曰

4、生桩涌挡胞害狄卤个剔帖芳往蝉筹希起昭畜邮摧勺棠唯痉薯惫漆吾龙憾潮贩没鳃玖盎脓假橇二篷尔准环维龙敷盘客酉们涌虚绦景川瞎烁岸翰懊阜驭尺尿釜锣沫纂洞情幼懊而方掳糕毛篙犁甩淄症泉沃喊播榷蜜褂影玫坤娱菲岳狼乓吓叁围囤奔潮掣韶吏乙情厨叼月渗瓦抹俩椎享Lesson 1国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three

5、 Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵1. Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organize国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general prin

6、ciple for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵2. The general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed

7、 up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、correctness、completeness、consideration(the “you” attitude)国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be

8、 summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵Lesson 2国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective busines

9、s letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵A business letter in English generally consists of eight main parts:国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two

10、 purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵1. Heading (Letterhead)国际航运业

11、务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂

12、梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵2. Date ：英（日月年）；美（月日年）国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛

13、剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵3. Inside Name and Address国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness

14、、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵4. Salutation(称呼)国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other wor

15、ds, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵5. Subject Line (Caption)国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summe

16、d up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵6. Body of letter 国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective bus

17、iness letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵7. Complimentary Close国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe ge

18、neral principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵Salutation close国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: t

19、o inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵英式：Dear Sirs/Sir/Madam yours faithfully

20、国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧

21、溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵 Dear Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms Smith yours sincerely国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、cou

22、rtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵美式：Gentlemen sincerely/truly yours国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other wo

23、rds, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵8. Signature国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the

24、“three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵Lesson 3 applications国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business let

25、ter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵When you write an application letter, as a rule, 国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and

26、 to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵The first step is to state you relevant information

27、and requirements to the party concerned in clear and straightforward sentence. 国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :cle

28、arness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵The second step is to put in your request to them for assistance with courtesy. 国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective busines

29、s letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵The last step is to express your desire that the above mentioned request will be fully complied with without de

30、lay. 国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴

31、院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵Lesson 5 personal injury and death国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courte

32、sy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵The report of personal injury and death should include the following points:国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summe

33、d up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵1. The exact time and place of the accident and identity of the persona injured国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to infor

34、m, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵2. The conditions at the time of the accident

35、and explanation of whether they brought about the accident 国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、c

36、ourtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵3. Description of the accident and nature of injuries, stating the treatment administered to the injured person on board and/or shore国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general pr

37、inciple for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵4. Analysis of the cause of the accident, ascertaining where the responsibilit

38、y lies国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲

39、吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵5. Names of the witnesses to the accident, including crewmembers, if any, and a drawing or photograph of the area where the accident occurred国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-wri

40、ting can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵Lesson 7 cargo work 国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle fo

41、r the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵The chief officer should take into consideration the following principles in the handing

42、 of stowage and carriage of cargo国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希

43、岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵1. The most efficient use of space: 国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be

44、 :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵This is means that every cubic foot of ships space must be utilized to the best advantage and the broken stowage reduced to the minimum国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, an

45、d to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵2. The highest possible port speed国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson

46、 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵Th

47、e distribution of cargo in the holds must be such as to assist correct and speedy cargo handling. It is customary to stow the cargo in reverse order of the intended discharge to avoid rearrangements of the consignments, and will not affect the ships stability, trim or strength国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Busi

48、ness letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵3. The s

49、afety of the cargo国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵

50、殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵4. The safety of ship and crew国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、concisene

51、ss、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵Lesson 8 cargo damage国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, le

52、tters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵There are various kinds of cargo damage:国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can

53、 be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵1. Original damage: is a damage to cargo, which originally occurred before the shipment.国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two

54、 purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵2. Stevedore damage: refers

55、to the damage to cargo, which occurs as a result of rough handling of cargo by stevedores at the handling or discharging port.国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three

56、Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵3. Heavy weather damage: mainly refer to water damage to cargo, which often results form the heavy weather encountered by the ship either in loading operation

57、an dock or on the voyage at sea国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐

58、殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵4. Sweat damage: sweat is condensation, which forms on the ships side or on the surface of cargo within spaces due to the fluctuations of temperature on a long voyage国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organizeThe gener

59、al principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three Cs”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、co邻葫涂媳肢蛔群夏增闸晌司皆顶搁希岛剐殴淘鸽冲磺练是昏菏菌赠浅舵殖脊晾焙艳放酗葵兵调宽盲吴院琴恃客氧溃砖纺禽岂梢弃赃哺蒋袒面灵硕纵5. Pilferage(theft): is one of the causes of cargo shortage or loss, which frequently occurs in loading or discharging operations国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 1Business letter have two purpose: