乙酰肝素酶癌症转移治疗的靶点_图文

1、 一、食道癌早期症状1.咽下梗噎感最多见,可自行消失和复发,不影响进食。常在病人情绪波动时发生,故易被误认为功能性症状。2.胸骨后和剑突下疼痛较多见。咽下食物时有胸骨后或剑突下痛,其性质可呈烧灼样、针刺样或牵拉样,以咽下粗糙、灼热或有刺激性食物为著。初时呈间歇性,当癌肿侵及附近组织或有穿透时,就可有剧烈而持续的疼痛。疼痛部位常不完全与食管内病变部位一致。疼痛多可被解痉剂暂时缓解。4.咽喉部干燥和紧缩感咽下干燥粗糙食物尤为明显,此症状的发生也常与病人的情绪波动有关。5.其他症状少数病人可有胸骨后闷胀不适、前痛和喛气等症状。二、食道癌中期症状1.咽下梗噎感最多见,可自选消失和复发,不影响进食。常在

2、病人情绪波动时发生,故易被误认为功能性症状。2.胸骨后和剑突下疼痛较多见。咽下食物时有胸骨后或剑突下痛,其性质可呈灼热样、针刺样或牵拉样,以咽下粗糙、灼热或有刺激性食物为著。初时呈间歇性,当癌肿侵及附近组织或有穿透时,就可有剧烈而持续的疼痛。疼痛部位常不完全与食管内病变部位一致。疼痛多可被解痉剂暂时缓解。4.咽喉部干燥和紧缩感咽下干燥粗糙食物尤为明显,此症状的发生也常与病人的情绪波动有关。5.其他症状少数病人可有胸骨后闷胀不适、前痛和喛气等症状。中期食道癌的典型症状:进行性吞咽困难.可有吞咽时胸骨后疼痛和吐黏液样痰。三、食道癌晚期症状1.咽下困难进行性咽下困难是绝大多数患者就诊时的主要症状,但

3、却是本病的较晚期表现。因为食管壁富有弹性和扩张能力,只有当约2/3的食管周径被癌肿浸润时,才出现咽下困难。因此,在上述早期症状出现后,在数月内病情逐渐加重,由不能咽下固体食物发展至液体食物亦不能咽下。如癌肿伴有食管壁炎症、水肿、痉挛等,可加重咽下困难。阻塞感的位置往往符合手癌肿部位。2.食物反应常在咽下困难加重时出现,反流量不大,内含食物与粘液,也可含血液与脓液。3.其他症状当癌肿压迫喉返神经可致声音嘶哑;侵犯膈神经可引起呃逆或膈神经麻痹;压迫气管或支气管可出现气急和干咳;侵蚀主动脉则可产生致命性出血。并发食管-气管或食管-支气管瘘或癌肿位于食管上段时,吞咽液体时常可产生颈交感神经麻痹征群。四

4、、体征早期体征要缺如。晚期可出现打呃、吞咽困难。并且由于患者进食困难可导致营养不良而出现消瘦、贫血、失水或恶病质等体征。当癌肿转移时,可触及肿大而坚硬的浅表淋巴结,或肿大而有结节的肝脏。还可出现黄疸、腹水等。其他少见的体征尚有皮肤、腹白线处结节,腹股沟淋巴结肿大。 乙酰肝素酶-癌症转移治疗的靶点作者:赵华军, 章雄文, 丁健, ZHAO Hua-jun, ZHANG Xiong-wen, DING Jian作者单位:赵华军,ZHAO Hua-jun(中国科学院,上海生命科学研究院,上海药物研究所,国家新药研究重点实验室,肿瘤药理组,上海,201203;中国科学院,研究生院,上海,201203,

5、 章雄文,丁健,ZHANG Xiong-wen,DING Jian(中国科学院,上海生命科学研究院,上海药物研究所,国家新药研究重点实验室,肿瘤药理组,上海,201203刊名: 药学学报英文刊名:ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA年,卷(期:2005,40(10被引用次数:2次参考文献(33条1.Pikas DS.Li JP.Vlodavsky I Substrate specificity of heparanases from human hepatoma and platelets 1998(302.Parish CR.Freeman C.Brown K J Identi

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