听力对话场景及词汇(全面版)资料

1、听力对话场景及词汇（全面版）资料听力对话的场景及相关词汇归纳听力对话部分都是一个个场景，即生活中的某个片断。在毫无准备的情况下，让考生去判断对话两人短短几句话的内容，无疑是很难的。所以我们应对听力对话的一个首要办法就是在头脑中“预存” 一些考试常用的场景，看到或听到几个 关键词就能迅速反应出可能是属于哪个场景的，这样理解其对话内容来就容易多了。四级听力对话的场景总结出来基本上有三类：学校生活（最多），公共场合，日常生活如：学习选课场景、打工场景、天气场景、看病场景、图书馆场景、论文场景、租房场景、 出行场景、餐馆场景、减肥场景、丢东西捡东西场景、电脑场景、度假场景、选校场景等等。场景词汇的 概

2、念：某个场景所经常使用或专门使用的词汇。我们一听到或看到这些词汇马上就能与特定场景联系起来，从而迅速进入状态，更好的理解对话内容。甚至有时可以从选项中的场景词汇推断对话的场景，可能谈到的内容方向，以及可能问什们问题。对场景词汇的掌握应到什么程度：听力对话中的词汇都是比较简单的，因此最起码应该全部认知。在此基础上，应该对这些词的发音十分熟悉，做到一听到马上能做出反应。所以 对这部分词汇的要求要比词汇题、阅读题的高，要会读会听。1. 学校场景：新生入学报到场景、课程设置及规定介绍场景、家庭作业分析场景、 课堂演示场景，师生咨询场景，评论老师选课：course 课程 take courses 选课

3、required courses/ compulsory courses 必修课 elective courses/ optional courses 选修课 specialized course 专业课 basic course 基础课 credit学分 major 专业关于学科的单词literature 文学linguistics 语言学marketi ng 市场营销math/mathematics数psychology心理学finance金融学学engineering 工程学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学architecture 建筑学banking银行学hist

4、ory 历史bus in ess 商务biochemistry生物化学art艺术law法学sociology社会学economics经济学例句：1）I'm thinking of five courses n ext semester.Wouldn 'four be wiser?2）You took an optional course this semester, didn' t you?讲课、听课、听讲座、评论老师：attend a lecture 上课miss a class缺课（可能会涉及到生病看病场景）cut a class/ play a truant 旷课

5、lecture 演讲handout上课老师发的印刷品，阅读材料class list学生名单catch sb'swords听清某人的话（可能涉及到同意不同意他的观点的讨论） follow sb能跟上某人的思路，能听懂某人的话con fused迷惑的，不懂的confusing让人摸不着头脑的schedule=school timetable 课程表例句：1)2)3)She becomes nervous when it comes to learning mathematics.Do you mind if I borrow your notes?clock.I can ' t l

6、eave now. I have an appointment with my professor at three o4) Weren ' t you nervous when the professor called on you in the class?I ' d say I was shaking all over.5) My teacher thinks I ' m making progress.6) I find the lessons well worth the time and trouble.7) I ' d better read on

7、e of the articles froour political science class.8) Would you like have a copy of professor Smith ' s article?Thanks, if it ' s not too much trouble.9) It seems like the more the professor talks, the less I understand.10) The topic was interesting, but the lecture was much more difficult to

8、follow than I had expected.11) Why don ' t you come in office hours?12) Professor White ' s presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake. How could you sleep through it? It was one of the best that I have ever heard on this topic. It ' s very important to the mis

9、sion we are going to carry out.作业a书面作业(论文，报告)assignment/homework 作业 project 研究课题 (直接理解为“作业”即可) paper/thesis/article 论文 term paper 学期论文 essay 短论文，文章 survey 调查 investigation 调查 research 研究， 查询资料， 可能会涉及到 library 图书馆场景 report 报告 deadline 最后期限 meet the deadline 按时完成 rewrite 重写，改写 revise 修订，修改写论文的步骤及可能出现的

10、情况：第一步，选题 topic ，选题难，范围广。 第二步，查询资料 research,图书馆场景。第三步，打出论文。 typewriter打字机，computer 计算机， printer 打印机， laser printer 激光打印机， laptop 笔记本电脑。论文没打完， typewriter/computer 坏了 break down ,或者 typewriter 需要新的色带 ribbon 或者 printer 没墨 ink 了。b. presentation 口头演讲,口头报告 , 针对某一专题进行的发言：同义词： report, speech, address。考点： I.

11、 着装正式 formal clothes (考试中另一个考到着装正式的考点是 interview 面试)穿便装 wear casual clothes (sportswear, sports suit, jeans, jacket)II. 演讲人的内心感受： nervous 紧张的 calm 平静的,镇定的 cool 冷静的c. reading assignment 阅读作业：文科学生 reading list 读书清单。抱怨需要读的书多。professor 教授teaching assistant 助教 TAassociate professor 副教授dea n 系主任tutor 导师pr

12、esident 大学校长lecturer 讲师faculty/teaching staff教职员工的总称例句 :2)If I were you though, I ' rdewrite the1) Tom looks awfully nervous, doesn' tlahset?two paragraphs to make it better.I'mafraid he'snot used to making 3)But you have to revise some parts of it,speeches.I'm afraid, if you wan

13、t to get it published.4) How are you getting on with you essay,laboratory/lab 实验室Mary? I 'hmaving a real hard time with mine.after-school activities 课外活动After two sleepless nights, I' m finally student union 学生会through with it.society 学生社团校园生活：club 学生俱乐部campus 校园 on campus 在学校 tuition/tuitio

14、n fee 学费 canteen 餐厅 dining hall 食堂 cafeteria 自助小餐厅 accommodation 住宿 dorm/dormitory 宿舍 dormmate / roommate 同宿舍的人 boarder 住宿生 commuter 走读生 apple pie 苹果派(好吃) 在考题中形容 apple pie 好吃的句子举例如下：parking lot 停车场parking regulations 停车规定 shopping mall 购物中心 teaching building 教学楼 /教室楼 lecture theatre 大教室 /阶梯教室 admini

15、strating office/admin office 行政办公 室(1) Even my mother's can't match this.(2) I took the last one, and it was out of the world.(3) You wouldn't have to force me to take another helping.(5) 考试、毕业： semester/term 学期 examination/exam/test 考试 midterm ( examination ) 期中考试 final examination 期末考试

16、 quiz 小测验 open-book exam 开卷考 pop test 抽考 oral/written exam 口试 / 笔试 review 复习 go over one's note 复习笔记 stay up 熬夜 bring sb. up to date 帮某人赶上功课 Bachelor s'degree 学士学位 Master s'degree 硕士学位Doctor S degree博士学位(PhD)diploma=graduation certificate 毕业证书 例句：draw near/approach (考试)临近school record 成绩

17、单pass/ fail/ make up an exam 通过 /未通过考 试/补考mark/score/grade 分数 ，成绩full marks 满分scholarship/ fellowship 奖学金 department 系，部graduate school 研究生院undergraduate 本科生(在校大学生) postgraduate/graduate student 研究生degree 学位graduation ceremony=commencement 毕业典 礼 drop out (of school) 辍学 quit school 退学 expel sb from s

18、chool 开除1) I am worried about those classes I missed when I was sick.2) I ' ll try to bring you up-to-date on what I ' ve done.3) I heard you 've got full marks tihne math exam. Congratulations.4) I failed in the physics exam again in spite of all the efforts I made.5) Should he do that

19、when the final exam is drawing near?(6) 打工、找工作场景a. 搜集工作信息，来源如下：classified ad分类广告 help and wan ted section供求关系版bulletin board 公告板 flier 传单b. 打确认工作是否还有空缺vaca ncy, positi on available申请某个公司或职位 apply for/to fill in/ fill out/ fill up application form 填写申请表 application letter 申请信公司招聘雇员 recruit employeesc

20、. 准备工作简历 resumed. 面试in terview :需携带证书 certificates ;需出示身份证明ide ntificatio n ;判断你是否具有qualification ；出示推荐信 reference letter自己能胜任 fit for/ qualified for/ competent自己有竞争力 competitive vigorous/energetic ( 精力充沛的 )f. 得到了工作： get the offer遭到拒绝： turn down/ reject工作、职业类词汇job opportunity, job-hunt, apply for, a

21、pplication form, give impression, promote, position, vacancy, experience, gains and losses, part-time job, full-time job, interview, give sb an offer例句：1) How do you manage to work and go to school at the same time?2) It was the third time Ranger had phoned me to say he had a new job.3) It ' s a

22、 letter from the company where I applied for the job.4) If you tried typing every day, you 'd see what it'slike.5) If I were you, I 'd accept the job.6) I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family.7) You seem very confident about the job inte

23、rview, don 'tyou?8) I feel ready for it.9) It says they want a junior sales manager and it seems like a big company.10) That'll be good, for you might have to travel a lot.11) I spent so much time polishing my letter of application.12) It's worthwhile to make the effort. You know just ho

24、w important it is to give a good impression.(7) 新生入学及入学后大致过程attend/go to college 上大学register/enroll enrolment ( 登记、报到、注册 )opening ceremony (开学典礼)orientation meeting (介绍会)指学校综合情况course arrangement 课程安排letter of recommendation 推荐信programme /program 某一专业的课程总称school 学院assessment 对学生的学习情况进行评估attendance/p

25、articipation 出勤 office hour 教授与学生面谈的时间 auditor=guest student 旁听生 orientation program 新生训练 teaching facilities 教学设施 assistantship 助学金 room and board 食宿 auditorium 礼堂 academic year/ period of schooling 学习年限 ,学年 credit system 学分制 English evening 英语晚会 school discipline 校纪（8）教育体系 kindergarten 幼儿园 element

26、ary education 初等教育 secondary education 中等教育 higher education 高等教育 adult education 成人教育 open admission 免试入学制 day-care center 幼儿园（美） nursery school 托儿所 primary/elementary school 小学（英 /美） secondary school 中学 coeducation 男女生同校制度 junior high school 初中senior high school 高中 attached middle school 附中 techni

27、cal school 技校 polytechnic institute 理工学院 / 科技大学 key school 重点中学 graduate school 研究生院 open university 夜大、函大 private school 私立学校 public school 公立学校 universal education 普及教育 educationist/educator 教育家2. 餐馆、就餐场景：餐馆： restaurant, dining hall 餐馆、食堂bar, caf 酒吧、咖啡馆buffet, cafeteria 自助餐厅eat out 在外面吃，去饭馆吃napki

28、n.餐巾，餐巾纸menu 菜单预订、服务、付帐：waiter, waitressmake a reservation/ reserve/book a table 预订serve （food, drink）供应/提供（某种食物、饮料等）What do you order? / Can I take your order?（侍者 ）请客人点菜What do you recommend? 你有什么推荐？bill, pay one '付账、买单go Dutch 各人付自己的帐 （ AA 制） tip 小费treat sb. to sth 请客，款待某人吃什么东西 食品类别、食物名称：weste

29、rn food, Chinese food, fast food, fried food （油炸食品） ,dessert （饭后甜点）,salad, soup, bread, pizza, pie, sandwich, cheese, cream, hamburger, beef,steak, seafoodbeverage （饮料），whisky, beer, wine, soft drinkrice, noodle, snack （小吃 ）barbecue（烧烤）,picnic （野餐）dress in g/seas oning （调味品，调料）餐具：tableware, folk, kn

30、ife, plate, spoon感觉：I'm full, hungry, starvde好： delicious, incredible （难以置信的 ,非常好的）糟糕： horrible, terribleget/ be on a diet,例句 :1）No, thank you. I 'm not used to cold drinks in the morning.2）I heard there 's a good Japanese restaurant nearby. Would you like to go there for lunch? Yes, but

31、 it 's my treat this time.3）Hello, Room Service? Please send a menu to 320 right away.4）How about the food I ordered? I' ve been waiting for twenty minutes already.I 'll be back with your order in a minute. 我马上回来就给你上菜 ?5）I don 't feel like going out. Why don't we just stay home a

32、nd watch TV instead?6）I 'm starving. I can 't walk any further.Let 's go the restaurant across the street and get something to eat.3. 图书馆、书店场景：图书馆catalogue =catalog 图书编号bookshelf, stacks 许多书架、书库volume （书的）卷，册edition 版本copy 一本、一份novel, fiction 小说magazine, journal （定期干刊物），periodical （期干刊）,

33、quarterly （季干刊）,textbook, reference book参考书 -一般不得借出图书馆） , latest issue 最新一期library, librariancheck out （借出书籍结帐离开） ,check-out （付帐离开处）结帐对比 check-up （检查）， due （书）到期 overdue 过期 return 归还 renew 续借 fine 罚款 borrow 主语从别人处借书lend 主语借给别人书书店：out of stock （无货），in stock （有货），order （订书），out of print （已绝版的），booksto

34、re, shelf, on sale, paperback edition （简装本） ，hard cover （精装本），author例句：1）Jack， I can 't foinludmVe Ten. Could you check for me who borrowed it?It ' s on the upper shelf， next toolVume Two.2）Did you find the book for your reading assignment in the library?I had no idea it closes so early on w

35、eekends.3）Do you have the paperback edition of the dictionary?The hardcover is on sale for the same price as the paperback.4）It looks like you bought out the store.5）That book has been out of print for some time now.4. 医院、看病场景：医院：hospital， infirmary 学校医务室students health center （学生健康中心）medical center

36、 （医疗中心）clinic （诊所）ward （病房）-注意：send him to ward 会误听为 send him towards, emergency department/ emergency room （急诊室）surgery, operation room, health needs, health service, health care医生、病人：doctor, dentist, patient检查、诊断、开处方、治疗：examination, diagnose, treatmentprescribe （开处方）；prescript on （n.处方）；fill the p

37、rescripti on （按方抓药）；refill the prescripti on（还按原方抓药）take one ' s temperature, give sb. an injection-,raXy, blood pressure, doctor ' s order checkup 身体检查，体检 病名、病情： suffer from患着什么病，受什么病折磨（my leg, foot ）hurts腿，脚）很痛symptom, vomit （呕吐） ，high temperature, a sore throat, headache, high blood press

38、ure, stomachache, heart disease, lung, cancer, fever, bleedin（出血），cold, hurt, dizzy （晕眩的），cough, detect diseases, flu, injury, twist an kle, sn eezeget sick, serious, severe, get worse and worse, feel tired, be worn out, sore, painfulrecoverinjure, injured injuryacute（疼痛）剧烈的；（病人，病）急性的药品：tablet, pill

39、, medicine, OTC=over-the-counter mediine （非处方药），aspirin, pain-killer （止痛药）， dose, dosage 剂量，一剂，一服看病常用语：make an appointment 预约How are you feeling? 用于对方生病时打招呼。How are you doing? 普通打招呼out of bed离开床了What' s the matter with you?Are you felli ng better?be with a patient, see the doctor, May I take you

40、r temperature?治疗treat （过程）；治愈 cure （结果）study表过程；learn表结果。search表过程；find表 结果。try表过程；manage表结果lose/put on weight 减肥 / 增肥be/get on a diet 正在节食do exercise/ work out做运动，锻炼身体例句：1）Have you found any thi ng wrong with my stomach?I ' m still exam inin g. I' ll let you know the result n ext week.2）My

41、stomach aches. Maybe the seafood doesn ' t agree with me.3）I can ' t complain. At least I' m out of bed.4）Why didn ' t you make an appointment to see the doctor last week when you first twisted your an kle?The injury didn ' t seem serious then. I decided tocgayt Because my foot s

42、till hurts whenI put my weight on it.5）I ' d love to, but I' m getting over我想是想，但是我的感冒还正在恢复呢？5. 旅馆、宾馆场景：recepti on 前台，接待处recepti on ist前台接待员make a reservati on/ reserve/book a room 预订房间check in入住登记，开房check out 结帐离开，退房There is one room available.有一个房间。句：1）I sent a letter to make a reservati o

43、n for a sin gle room a few days ago.Sorry, your request arrived too late.2）I believe you have a room booked for me.我想你们有一个房间是我预定的。It' s a single room with a bath, on the second floor.3）I hope it will suit you, sir.6. 机场、车站、交通场景：机场、机票：airlines/airline company 航空公司 airport, check-in counter, booki

44、ng office （售票处） , flight reservation （机票预定），luggage check （行李票）,confirm the flight （确认航班）,airticket,wing （机翼，侧面建筑（常用于去展览馆），鸡翅）；terminal （候机大厅，终端-常用，终点站）人员：air hostess, captain, pilot, crew, passenger推迟、取消、按时、及时：delay=put off = postp one, can cel, on time, in time, date of departure （起飞时间） ，arrival /

45、 departure time （到港/离港时间）飞机、航班：airplane, flight, airline, airliner （定期班机、客机） jet, non-stop flight （直达航班） , window seat, fasten-seat belt sign（安全带指示灯） ，safety-belt （安全带），first-class （头等舱），economy class （经济舱）登机、飞行、起飞、降落：gate （登机口），Gate No. XXX （几号登机口）board a plane, on board 在飞机上，登上飞机 boardi ng card （登

46、机牌），take off （起飞、脱衣服）；la nd （降落）；circle 盘旋；arrival, departure （起程、起飞） ，transfer （转机，换车），passport, visa事故、故障：mechanical problem,accident, drunk driving, drunk driver, danger, shock, hurt, damage, kill, repair, fix, one-way street, sign, break down, flat tyre, traffic jam, rush hour, delay, I can '

47、;t make it.火车站、汽车站、出租汽车等：railway station, train, plat form, subway, underground, tubebus station, fare, bus, conductor, bus stop, bus terminal, ride a bus, get on/off a bus, conductor, fare, pick up passenger （让乘客上车），give sb a ride take the train catch the traintaxi, taxi driver, car, drive, driver车

48、库、停车、汽车修理库：park, parking space, used car, reverse （倒车） ，engine failure, brake failure, sleeping car, emergency brake加油站：fill up, oil, gasline, fuel（燃料），diesel （柴油机），grease （润滑油），refuel （补给燃料）,liter,meter, gas station, gasoline station , filling station garage, fill in the tank, pull in警察：police, spe

49、eding, traffic light, driver's license, fine, give a ticket to, speed limit, overtake,vehicle （交通工具、车辆） ，road condition, lawyer, court交通话题：1、交通堵塞： traffic jam, block2、 交通违章：要罚款fine bill 罚单3、交通晚点： behind schedule例句：1)2)3)I ' m afraid we ' re going to missot'hec3lock train.We can get o

50、ur tickets changed for this evening.Could you please tell me if Flight 858 from San Francisco will be on time?Excuse me， I have a ticket for the 6 o'clock flight toI 'Nemw aYforarikd. I can 't make it.Is there a seat available for tomorrow morning?I ' m sorry. All the morning flights

51、 have been booked up. The earliest we can get for you is the two o 'clock flight in the afternoon.You won ' t be able to get to the airport in time to catch the ten o' clock flight.I ' msorry the flight is delayed becauseof a minor mechanical problem. Please wait for4)5)further notic

52、e.If the traffic wasn't so bad， I could have been home by 6:00.If it hadn 't been snowing so hard， I might have been home by 9 o's high time we turned our attentionetdoatnhger of drunk driving now.6)7)8)9)10) 车祸I think itI'Itafraid I can 't make it before 7 o'clock.'t mak

53、e it.s too bad you didn' clock.11)12)13) 汽车：s surprising that Tom came out of the accident alive. The car crashed into the wall and was completely damaged.Were you hurt in the accident?I was shocked at the time， but wasn't hurt at all. My bike was totally damaged though.Not a thing is to go

54、against me. I had a car accident， only some minor injuries though.It1)2)3)4)5)7.The mechanic said that the best thing would be to sell it and get a new car. This car is totally dead.I need a car this weekend， but mine has broken down.The man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my car.I can

55、 ' t see asncryatches on the outside， and the inside is clean too.I ' d like to place an advertisement for used car in the Sunday edition of your paper.You have to run your advertisement all week. We cannot quote a rate (报价)for justSunday.场景：设备：receiver (听筒)，slot (投币孔) change, operator接、打 ：r

56、un out of coin， cut off (被中断； 簿、 费, mobile phone = cell phone, pay phone, long distance call, coin,hang up 主动挂断) , dial 拨号 , make a call， phone sb簿( yellow presstelephone book = yellow pages常用语：confirm one 's appointment = make sure one speak to， make a call on the phone， return the call，黄色出版物)&

57、#39;s appointmentanswer the call, call back, dial the number,take/leave a massage， put/get/make through， hang up， hold on=hold the line，Is that This is speaking. There is no herMay I speak toT? there?I'm calling to 例句：1) I ' m sorry. Nobody by that name works here.2) I called you several times and nobody was home.3) Would you get me through to Dr. Lemon, please?8. 报纸类词汇n ewssta nd/n ews stall/news ven dor (书报摊贩)，publish ing house, n ewspaper office, place anadvertisement/put up ad, the Sunday edition, sports section, local news, classified Ad