初三unit9课件

1、Section AThe passive voice. 英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者, 在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.被动语态的被动语态的:助动词be+ (及物动词的) 过去分词 一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时am (is, are) + donewas (were) + doneThe passive voice. 不知动作执行者时,常用被动语态. eg. My bike was stolen yesterday. This car is made in American. 2. 不必要说

2、出动作执行者时,常用. eg. Rome was not built in a day. 3. 为了突出强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态. eg. Thousands of beaches are polluted (污染).被动语态的几种句型被动语态的几种句型1 肯定句肯定句 主语主语 + be + 过去分词过去分词 + (by)A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.2 否定句否定句 主语主语 + be + not +过去分词过去分词 + (by)3 一般疑问句一般疑问句 Be + 主语主语 +过去分词过去分词 + (by) A sweet so

3、ng wasnt sung by her on the stage.Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage?4 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 疑问词疑问词 + be + 主语主语 +过去分词过去分词 + (by)Where was a sweet song sung by her? 主动句变为被动句所遵循的主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：个步骤：1.1.把原主动句中的把原主动句中的宾语宾语变为被动句的变为被动句的主语主语. .2.2.把动词变为被动形式即把动词变为被动形式即be +be +过去分词，过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动并注意其人称和

4、数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。词的时态则保持不变。3.3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在原主动句的主语如需要则放在byby后面以它后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。要则可省略。4.4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 We bought some books. 主动句与被动句之间的转换主动句与被动句之间的转换Some books were bought ( by us ) 主语主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语宾语主语主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词谓语动词被动语态的过去

5、分词 介词介词+ 宾语宾语Many people speak English.(主动语态主动语态)English is spoken by many people.The naughty boy broke the window yesterday.(主动语态主动语态)The window was broken ( by the naughty boy) yesterday.12341a5When were they invented?1b: listen and match the inventions and the dates._ 1876_ 1885_ 1927_ 1971_ 1976

6、daecb1976 byJohn.VonNouma1927 byBaird1876 by Bell1971 by Osborne1885 by KarlBenzA:When was the telephone invented? B:I think it was invented in1876. A:Who was it invented by? B:It was invented by Bell.What are they? They are four inventions of Chinagun powderpaper makingprintingcompass2a2aListen and

7、 number the inventions inthe order that you hear.312changing the style of a shoeJulie Thompsonheated ice cream scoopseeing in the darkJayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworthbattery-operated slippersscooping really cold ice creamChelsea Lanmonshoes with adjustable heelsWhat is it used for?Who was it invente

8、d by?invention2b Listen again. Match the inventions with their inventors and uses. What is it / are they used for? It is / They are used for doing. 2c2calarm clocklight bulbMicrowave oven Helpful inventions: watch, TV and window, car, computer, fax machine Annoying inventions: air-conditioner, truck

9、, telephone, junk food, ice cream3a3a3b3bA: What do you think is the most helpful invention?B: I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb.A: Why is that?B: Well, it gives people more time to work and play every day.Groupwork What would you do if you are alone on a tiny island? Choose five

10、inventions you would like to have on the island with you. Tell the group what you chose and why.A: Id like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day.B: Yes, but thats not going to help you leave the island. I think it would be better to have (a mobile phone).Section Bsweetsoursweetswee

11、t What do you think of the following things?sweetbittersoursweetsweetbittersweetcold What do you think of the following things?sweet crispy salty sour saltysoursweetsweetbittercold1b. Write the name of a different food after each word.sweet:crispy:salty:sour:applebananacakehoneyorange juicepotato ch

12、ipsFrench friespizzaFrench friespicklelemongrapeListen and circle “T” (for true) or “F” (for false).1. The potato chips were invented by mistake.2. They were invented in 1863.3. The customer thought the potatoes werent thin enough.4. The customer said they werent salty enough.5. George wanted to mak

13、e the customer happy.6. The customer was happy in the end.The history of potato chipsThe history of potato chips _ that potato chips were invented by mistake? Chips _ by a chef called George Crum. They were invented in _. George Crum cooked them for a long time until they _. And he sprinkled lots of

14、 salt on them so they were _.Did you knowwere invented1853were crispyreally salty Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented by accident? Although tea wasnt brought to the Western world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three thousand years bef

15、ore that. According to an Ancient Chinese legend, the emperor Shen Nong Discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open fire. ReadingSome leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. The emperor noticed that the leaves in the water produced a pleasan

16、t smell. Later he decided to taste the hot mixture. It was quite delicious. And in this way, one of the worlds favorite drinks was invented.Explanation1. Although tea wasnt brought to the western world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that. 虽然茶直到虽然茶直到1610年才传入

17、西方世界年才传入西方世界,但这种饮料在三千多年前就被发现了。但这种饮料在三千多年前就被发现了。(1) although 作连词作连词, 意为意为 “虽然虽然,尽尽管管”,引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句, 我们不能根据我们不能根据汉语习惯汉语习惯, 在后面使用连词在后面使用连词but, 不过它不过它可以与可以与yet, still连用连用;若主从句的主语相若主从句的主语相同同, 且从句谓语含有动词且从句谓语含有动词be, 可将从句可将从句主语和动词主语和动词be省略。省略。 Although (it was) snowing, it was not very cold. 虽然在下雪虽然在下雪,

18、 但是天气不是很冷。但是天气不是很冷。 There is air around us, although we cant see it. 尽管我们看不见尽管我们看不见, 但我们周围全是空气。但我们周围全是空气。 (2) notuntil 意为意为 “直到直到才才”until 引导一个时间状语从句。引导一个时间状语从句。 He did not go to bed until his father came home. 直到他爸爸回家时他才睡觉。直到他爸爸回家时他才睡觉。2. According to an ancient Chinese legend, the emperor Shen Nong

19、 discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open air. 根据中国古代的一个传说根据中国古代的一个传说, 神农帝在神农帝在户外的火上烧饮用水时发现了茶叶。户外的火上烧饮用水时发现了茶叶。 According to 是个短语介词是个短语介词,意为意为 “根根据据;依照依照”后接代词后接代词,名词或由疑名词或由疑问词以及问词以及whether引出的名词性从句。引出的名词性从句。 According to the radio, it will rain tomorrow. 根据收音机说根据收音机说,明天有雨。明天有雨。

20、According to what you said just now, he was right then. 根据你刚才说的根据你刚才说的,那么他就对了。那么他就对了。leaf 的复数形式为的复数形式为leavesremain 表示表示 “继续留在某处继续留在某处” 3. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. 一些叶子从附近的灌木丛落到水里。一些叶子从附近的灌木丛落到水里。并在水里浸泡了一段时间。并在水里浸泡了一段时间。 How long will you re

21、main here? 你要在此地停留多久你要在此地停留多久?fall into “落入落入, 陷入陷入” He was drunk and fell into the water. 他酒醉跌落水中。他酒醉跌落水中。Read the article and write answers to the questions.1. What is the article about ? It is about the invention of tea.It was invented over three thousand years ago.It was invented by the Chinese

22、emperor Shen Nong.It was invented by accident.2. When was it invented?3. Who was it invented by?4. How was it invented?Who: college studentsWhat: new toy, flying diskWhen: 1950sWhere: bakery Bridgeport, ConnecticutHow: students eat pie, throw pie platesToday: clubs, magazines, festival3b Writing The

23、 flying disk was invented by college students. They used a metal pie plate from a bakery in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Students ate the bakerys pies and then threw the pie plates. Today, there are flying disk clubs, magazines and a festival.Self check: (1) I dont like eating chocolate. The taste is to

24、o _ . Mom added salt but it still wasnt _ enough. I prefer lemons to oranges. I like the _ taste.1. She likes _ cookies. They are hard, dry and easily broken.sweetsalty sour crispycrispy sweet salty sourabacusumbrellacamerabinocularsbicycle4,000 years ago,In Assyria, China and Egypt1854,By Galileo P

25、orro in Italyin 1827 by Joseph Nicephore Niepcein 1880s, in EnglandFind out when these things were invented and then write about them.The umbrella was invented about 4,000 years ago in Assyria, China and Egypt. The binoculars was invented in 1854 by Galileo Porro in Italy. The camera was invented in

26、 1827 by Joseph Nicephore Niepce who took the first picture. The bicycle was invented in 1880s in England.The abacus was invented in the sixth century by Chinese people.SportRankSportRankfootballvolleyballtable tennisbaseballbasketballskatingswimmingboxing If you travel around China you will notice

27、a very popular activity everywhere you go-basketball. This much-loved and active sport is enjoyed by all, for fun and exercise. The sport of basketball is a little more than a hundred years old. It is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries including China, where basketball has

28、been played in parks, schools, and even in factories. means more than包括 Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith, who was born in 1861. When he was at college, his class was once asked to invent a new game that could be played indoors during the long winters. Dr Naismith cre

29、ated a game to be played on a hard wooden floor, so the safety of the players was important. Knocking into players and falling down would be dangerous. 创造撞上(某人) Dr Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams, and taught them how to play his new game. The aim of basketball is for players to try to get a ball into the “basket”: a net hanging from a metal hoop. Players shoot from below the basket, and sometimes the “backboard” is used for guiding the ball into the basket. Players move towards one end of the court while throwing t