高考英语语法填空题解题技巧与方法

1、高考英语语法填空技巧与方法解题策略与技巧1 .通读全文，把握大意。既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法， 那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全 文大意，这一步非常重要。2 .结合语境，试填空格。读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境， 从句子结构的完整性去分析 思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况：3 .重读全文，解决难题。在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就 不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。一、纯空格试题的解题技巧。首先

2、，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7个技巧：技巧1:缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）。如：例 1I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and 38gets therealmost in a second. （2007年茂名一模）技巧2:名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词），很可能填限定 词。如：例 2It is said that a short-tempered manin the Song Dyna

3、sty （960 1279） was very anxious to help 33 rice crop grow up quickly. （2008年广东高考）例 3the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 35 small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.（2007年广东高考）技巧3:句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介 词。例 1who should have the honour

4、 of receiving me 33 a guest in theirhouse. （2007年广东高考）技巧4:若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。例 1 two world -famous artists, Pablo Picasso 34 Candido Portinari,which are worth millions of dollars.例 2all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me36 almost instantly gave me a completely new sense

5、of what life isall about. （2008年深圳一模）技巧5:若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填 并列连词或从属连词。例 1 I wanted to see as muchof the city as possible in the two days 32 Iwas to return to Guangzhou. （2008 年广州一模）例 2 He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,37 he feltvery happy（2008年广东高考）技巧6:若结构较完整，空格后的

6、谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不 一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（do, does, did 等）。例 1What is acceptable in one country 31 be considered extremely rudein another. （2007 珠三角五校联考） 例 2 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he bring home a regular salary.技巧7:由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。（1

7、）由it is that强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。如：例 1 and 40 was only after I heard she became sick that I learned shecouldn ' t eat MSG （味精）! （2007 年广州一模）（2）由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的 only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly,seldom, not, until, had等，还是填do, does, did 等。如:例 1with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.（3）

8、由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填 it o如：例 1 as 32 took them just three minutes to steal paintings by twoworld- famous artists （2008 年佛山二模） 例 2Dating sites also make 36 easy to avoid someone whom you are notinterested in. （2008年惠州二模）（4）so /such that 句型。如：例 1 This made the goat so jealous 34 it began plotting

9、 against （谋划对付）the donkey. （2007年惠州二模）（5）more than（与其说不如说,比更 ）句型。如：例 1Cynthia ' s story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares 40 how much he pays. （2007 深圳宝安期末）二、给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧1:若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系 时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动

10、词，就要考虑时态语态。例 1His fear of failure 36（keep） him from classroom games that otherchildren played with joyous abandon. (2008年深圳一模）例 2 That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined herInvitation,40(close) my book and walked away. (2008年广州一模)例 3 In Logan, three people 38(take)to a hosp

11、ital, while others were treated at a local clinic. (2007梅州二模)技巧2:若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语 动就要确定用一ing形式、一ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：(1)作主语或宾语，通常用一ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。 如：例 1but it is not enough only 35(memorize) rules from a grammarbook. (2007年佛山一模) 例 2(speak) out your inner feelingwon&

12、#39; t make you feel ashamed, onthe contrary (2)作目的状语或者在形容词后的作状语，一般用不定式。如：例 1(complete) the project as planned, we ' ll have to work two morehours a day.例 2 Somepeople say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely 33(succeed). (2008 年佛山一模)(3)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在

13、分词，是被动关系，用过去 分词。如：例 1 He saw the stone,37(say) to himself:"The night will be verydark. "(2008 年东莞一模)例 2 The headmaster went into the lab, (follow) by the foreign guests.(4)不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用一ing形式，是被动关系用一ed形式。如：例 1 There will be a meeting, 40(start) later this year to rev

14、iew the film. (2008年广州二模)例 2 Lessons 39(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with otherpeople.(广东考试说明)(5)括号中所给动词也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，而是考词类转换，a作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。如：例 1 When China ' s ancient scientific and technological(achieve)are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four

15、GreatInventions.例 2 These people have madegreat 39(contribute) to China with theirwork. (2007年茂名二模)例 3 instructors expect students to be familiar with 32(inform)in the reading (2008 年三校联考) 例 4there was a lot of information about the city' s wel-known tourist34 (attract)(2008 年广州一模)例 5 WhenChina&

16、#39; s ancient scientific and technological (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.例 6 These people have madegreat 39(contribute) to China with theirwork. (2007 年茂名二模)例 7 instructors expect students to be familiar with 32(inform)in the reading (2008 年三校

17、联考)b在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如：例 1 With the large numbers of students, the (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.三、词类转换题的解题技巧根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有:（一）所给词若是名词，作表语、定语或补语，通常把名词变成形容词形式。如:例 1 The youngster immediately fell (silence) as tears flew down from his big

18、blue eyes.例 2 In a(danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they l earnt to例 3 Teachers must try their best to make most of their students(interest) in the subject（二）所给词若是形容词，技巧1：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词 （+形容词）”后，用名词形式。如：例 1the remains date from this period because of their 38（similar）to those

19、 found elsewhere. （2008 年广州二模）技巧2:修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。 如：例 1 ?As I looked 32（close） at this girl, I fount that（2008 年深圳一模）例 2 There must be something 40(serious) wrong with our society. (2008潮州期末)例 3Singles are flocking( 涌向)to the Internet 33(main) because theirbusy lifestyles leave them little time（2008年惠州三模）技巧3:若是形容词或副词，有可能是考查其比较等级。如：例 1The other frog went on jumping as hard as he couldHe jumped even36(hard) and