会计相关名词中英文对照

1、会计原则和假设：accounting principle 会计原则accrual- basis accounting 权责发生制原则accounting postulate 会计假设accounting entity 会计主体cash basis of accounting 收付实现制comparability principle 可比性原则the prudence principle 谨慎性原则consistency principle 一贯性原则historical cost 历史成本historical cost principle 历史成本原则:objectivity (reliabi

2、lity) principle 客观性原则matching principle 配比原则materiality principle 重要性原则going-concern basis 持续经营假设relevance principle 相关性原则the understandability principle 明晰性原则stable-monetary concept 货币计量会计科目：account 账户、科目资产负债表科目：account payable 应付账款accounts receivable / receivables 应收账款accumulated depreciation 累计折旧

3、amortization expense /expense not allocated 待摊费用assets 资产capital 资本capital share 股本cash 现金current investment 短期投资deferred assets 递延资产deferred liabilities 递延负债fixed assets 固定资产floating assets / current assets 流动资产current liability 流动负债goodwill 商誉intangible assets 无形资产liabilities 负债liability dividend

4、/ dividend payable 应付股利long-term investment 长期投资long-term liabilities 长期负债net assets 净资产notes payable 应付票据notes receivable/ receivables 应收票据owners equity 所有者权益prepayments / payment in advance 预付款项product cost / output cost 生产成本product / finished goods 产成品purchase 购货raw materials 原材料reserve for bad d

5、ebts / bad debts expense /provisi 坏帐准备retained earnings 留存收益stock on hand / inventory 存货tangible assets 有形资产taxes payable 应交税金unearned revenue 预收款项undistributed profits / undivided profits 未分配利润value added tax 增值税wages payable / salaries payable 应付工资work in process / goods in process 在产品损益表科目：deprec

6、iation expense 折旧费用exchange gain 汇兑收益exchange loss 汇兑损失expenses/charges 费用factory overhead /manufacturing expense 制造费用financial expense 财务费用income tax 所得税management expense 管理费用net income 净收益net profit 净利润non-operating gain 营业外收入non-operating loss 营业外支出operating expense 营业费用operating revenue 营业收入per

7、iod expense 期间费用profit after tax 税后利润profit before tax 税前利润revenues 收入sales allowances 销货折让sales discount 销货折扣revenue expenditure 收益性支出sales return 销售退回sales revenue 销售收入selling expense 销售费用traveling expense 差旅费unrelated business income 营业外收益其他术语：accounting entries 会计分录accounting equation / accounti

8、ng identity 会计恒等式accounting report /accounting statement 会计报表accounting standard 会计准则accounting time period concept 会计分期balance 余额balance sheet 资产负债表begainning balance/ opening balance 期初余额capital expenditure 资本性支出certified practicing accountant 注册会计师compound journal entry 复合分录contingent assets 或有资产

9、contingent liabilities 或有负债cost accounting 成本会计credit balance 贷方余额credit side 贷方debit balance 借方余额debit side 借方depreciation rate 折旧率double-entry book-keeping 复式簿记ending balance 期末余额estimateld scrap value 估计残值financial accounting 财务会计fiscal year/ accounting periods 会计年度general ledger 总分类账income state

10、ment /profit and loss statement 利润表 损益表management accounting 管理会计obligee/ creditor 债权人Obligor/ invester 债务人perpetual inventory system 永续盘存制physical inventory system 实地盘存制posting document 记账凭证quarterly statement 季报residual(salvage)value 折余价值(残值)sales invoice 销货发票sales on account 赊销source document 原始凭证starting-load cost / organization costs 开办费statement of cash flow/ cash flow statement 现金流量表subsidiary accounts 明细账户subsidiary ledger 明细分类账surplus reserve 盈余公