北师大版高中英语必修一Unit1Lifestyles讲义

1、Unit 1 Lifestyles 讲义Lesson 1 A perfect day1 . 一般现在时主要用于表示人、事物现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句中常有often, always, from time to time等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。He usually goes to work at 7 o' clock every morning.他通常每天早上7点钟去上班。The earth goes around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。表示永恒的真理，即使过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。I learned that the earth goes a

2、round the sun when I was in primary school.我在小学就知道地球围绕太阳转。在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，一般现在时可以代替一般将来时。If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.如果他接受了这份工作，不久就会赚更多的钱。在make sure （certain）, see to it, mind, care, matter +宾语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。So long as he works hard, I don' t mind when he finishes the

3、experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。在the more the more越越）句型中，若主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时。The harder you study, the better results you will get.你学习越用功，成绩就越好。2 .现在进行时的基本用法：a.表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。We are waiting for you.b.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr. Green is writing another novel.（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）She is l

4、earning piano under Mr. Smith.c.表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin 等。The leaves are turning red.It's getting warmer and warmer.d.与always, constantly, forever等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.典型例题My dictionary, I have looked for it everywhere but

5、still it.A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.答案D.前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。练习Lesson 2 Relaxing难句解疑1.I find painting or drawing very relaxing.我发现画画使人放松。句中relaxing作宾语补足语，动词 find后经常跟形容词、

6、动词的ing形式、过去分词以及借此短语作宾补。例句：1） I found the book very interesting.我发现这本书很有趣。2） She found herself in a different world.她发现她来到了一个不同的世界。3） When I came back, I found the dishes on the table untouched.当我回来时，我发现桌上的菜没动。2 .drawing多指用线条及阴影所作的画，时各种图的总称，也可以指技术图纸，如engineering drawing工程制图；painting指绘画，常指油画和水彩画。3 .Bu

7、t it ' s very stressful to wait for exam results.等考试结果很令人紧张。不定式短语在句子中作主语。当不定式短语作主语时, 例：It is easy to make mistakes.犯错误是容易的。It is very important to learn a foreign language well.学好一门外语很重要。it在句首作形式主语。4.I really love playing the piano, but I can我确实喜欢弹钢琴，但是我不喜欢在全班同学面前唱歌。't stand singing in front

8、 of the class.句中can' t stand勺意思为 不喜欢；不能忍受”。例：1） I can ' t stand the heat.我忍受不了高温。2） I cannot stand waiting any longer.再等下去我可受不了啦。Lesson 3 A volunteer teacher一般将来时也译为单纯将来时。shall句型S+7（原不分will例 A : I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.（如明天下雨我就不来。）例 B : My brother will leave for the United Stat

9、es next week.（我的哥哥下星期要到美国去。）用法P例句表达将出现于将来的状态 和发生于将来的动作。1 - I #项 be 16 yean old next month.（下个月我将满十六岁.）2 . She'll a gpod wife and ruother when she g&ts inanied （她结了婚一定是一位费妻良母口 ）3 . I'll hdp you do that tomonow.（明天我会帮你做那件事.）解说从句式我们可以了解一般将来时的表达须借助于助动词"shajKwill关于"shd|/will '的用

10、法，传统文法谈得很多，同时各文法学家的理论也不很一致。更重要的是英国人和美国人对“sha卜will '的用法规则并不很一致，也不很严谨，所以本书拟只提供下面的五个规则，相信各位只要把下面这五个规则学通了， 你的“shabwill的用法就可以中规中矩了。说或写都尽量使用“I'll, You'll, He'll , She'll , It'll, We'll , They'll 的简缩形（如用法例" 2、3）。要表达主语的意志”，通常都用“will '（文法上称为意志将来。）例 A : I won't see

11、 him again.（我不愿意再和他见面。）例 B : Who will go and help that poor old man?（谁愿意去帮助那个可怜的老人？）Mary will .（玛莉愿意。）说话者要把自己的意志”表达或行使出去，通常用“shall。"例 A : You shall not do that again.（你不可以再做那样的事。）例 B : He shall return that book tomorrow.（明天他必须把那本书归还。）第一人称问句使用"shall。"例 A : Shall I call you a taxi ?（需要我

12、替你叫一辆出租车吗？）例 B : Shall we tell her the truth ?（我们可以把实情告诉她吗？）问句是“Shall？”答句就用“shall ;'问句用“Will"，答句就用“will 。”例 A: Shall you go to school tomorrow ?（你明天须要上学去吗？）Yes, I shall . We'll have an exam .（是的，我必须去。我们明天有考试。 ）例B : Will you go to school with me tomorrow?（明天你要不要和我一道去学校？）No, I won't .

13、 I'm going on a picnic.（我不要。我已定好要去郊游。）注：Let's的附加疑问通常使用 “，shall we ?。"Let's have a rest, shall we?（我们休息一下，怎样？）一般将来时除了使用“shahwill + V以外，也可以使用下列的几种句式来表达。1. be going to + V （即将会；打算将 ）例 A: It is going to rain. Take an umbrella with you.（带一把伞去。看样子就要下雨了。）例B : The Browns are going to move t

14、o Australia.（布朗先生全家打算迁移到澳大利亚去。）2. be about to + V （即将，指紧接着要发生的动作。）例：Let's wait a minute. He is about to arrive.（我们等一下。他即将会到达。）3. be + V-ing（定于，指接近的将来动作。）例：He is leaving for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.（他定于明天早晨到香港去。）4. be + to V （定于，指预定的将来动作。）例：She is to be here at 9:00 a.m. tomorrow.（她定于明晨九时到达这里。

15、）5. V- （e） s （定于，指接近的将来动作，但不如第3项主观。）例： He leaves for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.（他定于明天早晨到香港去。与（3）项的区别在于（3）项的动作是出自主语的决定，（5）项则不一定是出自主语的决定。）常用于修饰般将来时的时间副词有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning （ afternoon, evening）, next + 时间 （nextnight, next Monday ，next week, month ，next summer ） ,innexthear future （将来）,soon （

16、不 久之后），in +时间 （in five days 再过五天，in two weeks 再过二星期），etc.Lesson 4 City or country难句解疑1. That ' s what people call the underground in London. （the tub就是人们对伦敦地铁的叫法。句中what引导的从句为表语从句。What在从句中作从句的宾语，the underground in London 为从句的宾语补足语，what在这里的意思为 “的”例：1） This is what I want to tell you. 这就是我要告诉你的事。2）

17、 China is not what it used to be.中国已经是今非昔比了。2. Usually it ' s so crowded that I can ' t find anywhere to sit.通常地铁和拥挤，很难找到座位。句中so that为连词，引导结果状语从句。请注意：1. so+形容词/副词2. so+形容词+a(an)+名词3. so+many / few / little / much+ 名词。sohat还可以引导目的状语从句，引导目的状语从句时，从句谓语动词 常有情态动词，如： can / could, will / would, may

18、/ might 。例：1) He works so hard that he often forgets to eat and sleep.他工作很努力，以至于经常忘记吃饭睡觉。2) He is so good a teacher that all his students like him very much.他是一位好老师，他的学生都喜欢他。3) He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了很多跤，以致浑身青一块紫一块。3. I need to do that because I don' t get en

19、ough exercise otherwise.因为每天运动量不够，我需要增加些运动。句中otherwise为副词，意思为 否则，不然"。Otherwise还有 除此以外”的意思。例：楼上有些音乐声，除此以外，房子里静悄悄的。4. We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city, and go walking where there are no shops, crowds orthe tube.我喜欢去那些远离城市、幽静、风光秀丽的地方，在没有商店、人群、地铁的地方漫步。句中where为连词，引导地点状语从句，修

20、饰动词go。例：1) Sit where I can see you. 坐在我能看到你的地方。2) We should go where we are needed most.我们应该去最需要我们的地方。5. After a big breakfast in my house, I walk out of the front door and I' , already at work.饱餐一顿早饭之后，我走出家门，开始一天的工作。句中be at work意思为 在工作”。介词at在这里表示 处于状态”。例：The country is now at war. 这个国家正在打仗。I fe

21、lt at a disadvantage.我觉得处于不利地位。6. We don ' t have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我们的工作时间和在办公室工作的人们不同。句中that为关系代词，引导一个定语从句，修饰名词hours,在从句中作宾语。有时我们也用as代替that。the samethat强调同一事物。例： This is the same man that asked me for money yesterday.那个人就是昨天向我要钱的人。7. This meal included ca

22、kes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food.这顿饭有蛋糕和三明治，用茶来把事物送下去。句中wash down的意思为用水等吞送(食物等) "。wash down还有冲洗，流下”的意思。例： The soil has washed down into the valley.泥土被冲入了山谷。8. In fact, the London Stock Exchange is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.事实上，人们认为伦敦证券交易所的前身就是这

23、些咖啡馆。这句话等于 In fact, people believe the London Stock Exchange has started from these coffeehouses.在 be believed后面跟动词不定式，to have started为不定式的完成式。常用句型有 It is said/ expected/reported等+ 动词不定式。例： Tom is believed to be the child they looking for.人们认为汤姆就是他们要找的那个孩子。The vase is believed to be worth a lot of m

24、oney.人们相信这个花瓶价值连城。北师大版高一英语单元试卷UNIT 1一、英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. Now they are having a discussion.A. peaceful B. peaceable C. silent D. quiet2. After he retired from office, Rogers painting for a while, but soon lost interest.A. took up B

25、. saved up C. kept up D. drew up3. Remember the lights when you leave the house.A. to turn off B. turning off C. to turn on D. turning on4. The evening party was well and everyone had a good time in it.A. organised B. set upC. put on D. managed5. The little boy entered the classroom without.A. notic

26、ing B. noticed C. being noticed D. notice6. Look,the children are having in the games!A. what a fun B. what fun C. how funny D. how fun7. The visiting professor to students to meeting at time.A. preferred giving lectures/ to being invited B. preferred to give lectures/ to be invitedC. preferred to g

27、iving lectures/ rather than being invitedD. preferred giving lectures/ to be invited8. Many people in the world are still poverty now.A. suffering from B. suffered from C. living D. living by9.It was cold that they had to put on more clothes.A. such a B. such C. soD. so a10. -Have you read the timet

28、able ?-Yes . The train at 10:12 p.m.A. will start B. is going to start C. should start D. starts11. John Peking University. Now he' s looking for a job.A. graduated B. graduated from C. has graduated D. graduates from12. Now more and more workers _their free time trying to improve themselves at

29、school or college.A. take B.cost C. spend D. pay13. -Did you sleep well last night?-No, can you imagine from too much noise while sleeping?A. to suffer B. suffering C. to prevent D. preventing14. Don ' t you realize it ' s quite the rule to have him here?A. on B. for C. to D. against15. -Beg

30、 your pardon! -Oh, you to me attentively. -, but my hearing is poor.A. haven ' t listened/ Yes B. didn ' t listen / NoC. weren ' t listening/ Yes D. can ' t have listened/ No第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Telling the truth is a ve

31、ry good habit. If you 16 speak the truth, you can save yourself from a lot of 17Here is a story of a man who did a lot of 18 things, but his promise to tell the truth 19_ him.Once a man came to a prophet （预言家） and said, “ Oh, prophet, I have many b00. Which one of them should I 21 first ? ” Theproph

32、et said, "Give） telling 22 first and always speak the truth. " Theman23 hepromised to do so and went home.At night the man was about to go out to steal. Before setting out , he thought for a moment about the made with the prophet. 24 tomorrow the prophet asks me where I have been, what sha

33、ll I say ? Shall I say that I went out 25? No, I cannot say that. But nor can I lie. If I tell the truth, 26 will start hating me and call me a thief. I would be 27 for stealing.So the man 28 not to steal that night, and gave up this bad habit.Next day, he 29 drinking wine. When he was about to do s

34、o, he said to himself, “ Whatshall I say to the30 me,prophet if he asks me what I did during the day ? I cannot tell a lie, and if I speak the truth people will because a Muslim is not 31 to drink wine. " And so he gave up32ie）f drinking wine.In this way, 33 the man thought of doing something b

35、ad, he 34 his promise to tell the truth. One by one, he gave up all his bad habits and became a very 35 person.16.A. alwaysB. hardlyC. sometimesD. never17.A. timeB. moneyC. troubleD. energy18.A . greatB. badC. strangeD. stupid19.A. educatedB. botheredC. testedD. saved20.A. habitsB. friendsC. purpose

36、sD. collections21.A. take inB. bring backC. give upD.depend on22.A. storiesB. truthsC. reasonsD. lies23.A. planB. secretC. promiseD. mistake24.A. BecauseB. UnlessC. SinceD. If25.A. stealingB. drinkingC. walkingD. dancing26.A. noneB. someoneC.anyoneD. everyone27.A. controlledB. admiredC. punishedD. k

37、illed28.A. refusedB. triedC. decidedD. agreed29.A. talked aboutB. felt likeC. adapted to（适应）D. broke down30.A. understandB. likeC. hateD. respect31.A. allowedB. encouragedC. invitedD.advised32.A. chanceB. disadvantage C. adventureD. idea33.A. whereverB. wheneverC. whateverD. however34.A. forgotB. do

38、ubtedC. regrettedD. remembered35.A.goodB. attractiveC. practicalD. generous（慷慨的）二、阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIn American schools there is something called Homecoming Day. Mary high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game. This can b

39、e the most important event of the year except graduation or commencement（毕业典礼 ）day. Students plan homecoming day for many weeks in advance（预先）.Several days before Homecoming, students start to decorate（装饰）the school. There are signs to wish luck to the team, and many other signs to welcome all the g

40、raduates. Many people still come to Homecoming twenty or thirty years after their graduation.The members of school clubs build booths（摊位）and sell lemonade, apples and sandwiches. Some clubs help to welcome visitors.During the day people like to look for teachers that they remember from long ago. Oft

41、en they see old friends and they talk together about those happy years in school.Everyone soon comes to watch the football game. When the game is half over, the band comes onto the field and plays school songs. Another important moment is when the Homecoming Queen or King appears. All the students v

42、ote a most popular student Homecoming Queen or King. It is a great honor to be chosen.Homecoming is a happy day, but it is not perfect unless the football team wins the game. Even if the team loses, the students still enjoy Homecoming . Some stay at the school to dance, and others go to a party.For

43、everyone it is a day worth remembering.36. The most important event of the year in high schools and colleges is.A. Homecoming B. the football game C. graduation D. winning the game 37. When do students begin to arrange everything for Homecoming?A. The day before Homecoming .B. Many weeks before the

44、day.C. When the guests arrive.D. In the days before Homecoming.38. Which of the following is NOT done on Homecoming ?A. To see old friends.B. To call on teachers they remember.C. To watch the football game. D. To go home to see their family.39. Who can probably become Homecoming Queen or King ?A. Th

45、e student who is liked most by the others.B. The guest who is most popular with the students.C. The student who is most liked by the guests.D. The player who plays best in the football game.BCan you communicate with others when you live in a foreign country with no or little knowledge of its languag

46、e? Of course, it is possible. You can communicate your moods and intentions to one another without words, because all human beings share a lot of common visual （看见的）signals. These signals are as effective （W 效的） as words during communication.The gestures of the head play a key role in body language.

47、 The movements of eyes and eyebrows are as important as head movements in body language.Besides the gestures of the head or the movements of the eyes and eyebrows, the action of arms, hands and legs is also a large part of body language. Extending one's arm and shaking hands with others is a gre

48、eting in both formal and informal cases. This part of body language might date back to primary tribes （原始部落）Like handshaking, there are still many other forms of body language presented by hands. Raising one's hand and making a circle with his thumb （拇指） and for finger signals, that something is

49、 OK. Clasped （握紧的） hands raised above the head, a traditional picture accepted by sportsmen after winning a fight, is a display of triumph that grows out of a kind of feeling following a victory. Waving one's hands, a speaker can make his words more powerful and vigorous （有活力的） .Besides hand ges

50、tures, there are times when a person says something with his legs as well as with his head and eyes. The leg gestures often reflect one's attitude towards something or someone that person is with.According to the above facts, body language has offered a more reliable（可靠的） way to understand one&#

51、39;smind by means of gestures. Though it is soundless and wordless, once you understand it, you will feel the world is bigger than you realized.40. Which of the following is the proper title for this passage?A. Body Language B. How to Communicate with the People around YouC. The History of Body Lang

52、uageD. Gestures And Languages41. After reading the passage we can conclude that.A. hand shaking suggests that the speaker is excitedB. head plays a less important part in body languageC. actors and actresses are good at gesturesD. people began to use body language long long ago42. What's the cha

53、racteristic （特点、特征） of body language?A. Soundless and wordless. B. Difficult to understand.C. Powerful and vigorous.D. Effective and normal43. When sports men win a match, they probably.A. clasp their hands to announce their victoryB. clasp their hands to express their excited feelingC. have a pictu

54、re taken as soon as possible D. show a sign of thankfulnessCPaul couldn ' t sleep last night. He woke up early and sat up, and then he lay down again. He felt terrible.be sick,“ he thought. " but I must study for that test.”He got up and looked for his history notebook. He finally found it

55、under a pile of clothes on a chair. He wentover his history notes, but he couldn' t remember any of the facts in the notes. do?” he thoughWhat shall Ifelt terrible.Just then Paul ' s telephone rang. He put down his notebook and picked up the telephone.“Good morning, " Jack ' s voice said, “You must be wrong about that test.”“What do you mean? ” Paul asked weakly.“Wd reot going to have the test today." Jack said. "I wrote down the date in my notebo