2022年中考英语语法专题--感叹句讲解

1、2022中考英语语法专题-感叹句讲解英语中的感叹句常用“what”和“how”引导，“what”和“how”与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。一、由“what”引导的感叹句“what”意为“多么”用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/ an，复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。总结其句子结构可分为以下三种：1. 可用句型：“ What + a/ an形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！”。如：What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！2. 可用

2、句型：“ What形容词可数名词复数主语谓语！”。如：What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！3. 可用句型：“ What形容词不可数名词主语谓语！”。如：What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！二、由“how”引导的感叹句“how”意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用

3、行为动词。总结这种感叹句句子结构也分为三种：1. 可用句型：“ How形容词 / 副词主语谓语！”。如：How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！2. 可用句型：“ How形容词 a/ an 可数名词单数主语谓语！”。如：How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！3. 可用句型：“ How主语谓语！”。如：How time flies! 光阴似箭！考点剖析：一、考点：辨别感叹句用what还是how引导。感叹句在考试中出现大多只考查用what还是how来引导的判断，如果只在判断层面其实很容易，最

4、简单的方法就是背两句典型的例句，做题时只需要对照考题和记忆中的例句哪个更接近既可。如：What a beautiful girl (she is)!多么漂亮的一个女孩！How delicious these cakes are!这些蛋糕多好吃啊！二、拓展考点：what引导感叹句和how引导感叹句的转换。由what引导的感叹句与由how引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如：How beautiful a girl she is! What a beautiful girl she is!What delicious cakes these are! How delicio

5、us these cakes are!What引导的感叹句例1.1.1_ excellent basketball player Jeremy Lin (林书豪) is! I really love this talented guy.AHowBWhatCHow aDWhat an【答案】D【解析】考查what引导的感叹句。比较结构更符合what引导的结构，即what+a/ an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语；basketball player为单数，故选D。例1.1.2-Steve, did you see the lantern show when you were in Fuzhou?-Of

6、 course! _ beautiful lanterns!AWhatBHowCWhat aDHow a【答案】A【解析】考查what引导的感叹句。比较结构更符合what引导的结构：what+形容词+可数名词复数，本句将后面的主谓语省略了，故选A。例1.1.3根据语境填入相应单词，构成感叹句。_ difficult homework we had yesterday!【答案】What【解析】考查what引导的感叹句。比较结构更符合what引导的结构：what+形容词+不可数名词，后面的we had yesterday在修饰homework，所以用What。How引导的感叹句例1.2.1-Thi

7、s math problem is so difficult that only she can work it out.- _ clever the girl is!AHowBWhat aCWhatDHow a【答案】A【解析】考查how引导的感叹句。比较结构更符合how引导的结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语，故选A。例1.2.2- So far, Su Bingtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds.- _ he runs!AHow slowBHow fastCWhat

8、 a slowDWhat a fast【答案】B【解析】考查how引导的感叹句。首先根据语境，应该感叹这位运动员跑得快，排除AC；结构更符合how引导的结构：How+副词+主语+谓语，故选B。例1.2.3根据语境填入相应单词，构成感叹句。_ _ Hei Longjiang looks in winter! (beautiful)【答案】How beautiful【解析】考查how引导的感叹句。结构更符合how引导的结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语，故填How beautiful。随堂练习：随练1.1_ lovely weather we are having these days!AHowBH

9、ow anCWhatDWhat an【答案】C【解析】考查what引导的感叹句，结构更符合what引导的结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语，此句中we are having these days在修饰weather，最后的it is被省略，故选C。随练1.2填入恰当的词，构成感叹句。1. _ cute dog it is!2. _ interesting the story is!3. _ bad the weather in England is!4. _ honest boy Tom is!5. _ tasty smell the cake gave off!【答案】1. Wh

10、at a2. How3. How4. What a5. What【解析】1. 考查what引导的感叹句。结构更符合what引导的结构：What+a/ an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。2. 考查how引导的感叹句。结构更符合how引导的结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语。3. 考查how引导的感叹句。结构更符合how引导的结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语，其中in England作插入语，修饰weather。4. 考查what引导的感叹句。结构更符合what引导的结构：What+a/ an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。5. 考查what引导的感叹句。结构更符合what引导的结构：What+不

11、可数名词+主语+谓语。随练1.3_ fast the boy ran!AHowBHow anCWhatDWhat an【答案】A【解析】考查how引导的感叹句。结构更符合how引导的结构：How+副词+主语+谓语，故选A。随练1.4_ fools they were! They believed what the man said. AHowBHow anCWhatDWhat an【答案】C【解析】考查what引导的感叹句。结构更符合what引导的结构：What+名词复数+主语+谓语，故选C。随练1.5_ foolish they were! They believed what the ma

12、n said.AHowBHow anCWhatDWhat an【答案】A【解析】考查how引导的感叹句。结构更符合how引导的结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语，故选A。随练1.6I miss my friend very much. _ I want to see her!AHowBHow anCWhatDWhat an【答案】A【解析】考查how引导的感叹句。结构更符合how引导的结构：How+主语+谓语，故选A。课后作业：作业1_ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.AHowBHow anCWhatDWhat an【答案】C【解

13、析】考查what引导的感叹句。结构更符合what引导的结构：What+可数名词复数+主语+谓语，故选C。作业2_ interesting work it is to teach children!AHowBHow anCWhatDWhat an【答案】C【解析】考查what引导的感叹句。结构更符合what引导的结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语，句中it指代后面的to teach children，故选C。作业3_ good time we had during the May Day holiday!AWhat aBWhatCHowDHow a【答案】B【解析】考查what引导的

14、感叹句，结构更符合what引导的结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语，故选B。作业4填入恰当的词，构成感叹句。1. _cool your new car is!2. _ scary these tigers are!3. _ exciting news youve brought us!4. _ the students are listening! (careful)5. _ good time we had on the beach yesterday!【答案】1. How2. How3. What4. How carefully5. What a【解析】1. 考查how引导的感

15、叹句。结构更符合how引导的结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语。2. 考查how引导的感叹句。结构更符合how引导的结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语。3. 考查what引导的感叹句。结构更符合what引导的结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语，本句省略了主语和谓语，youve brought us在修饰news。4. 考查how引导的感叹句。结构更符合how引导的结构：How+副词+主语+谓语。5. 考查what引导的感叹句。结构更符合what引导的结构：What+a+形容词+可数名词+主语+谓语；此处have a good time为固定用法，故填what a。作业5_ delicious the soup is!