新标准英语第四册英语文化知识中英文

1、新标准英语第四册文化知识教材资源汇编青岛银海学校module1：weather1.weather in the UKThe northern part of the UK is wetter than the sorth but many other countries have quite similar levels of rainfall.However,British weather is unpredictable. The weather can change very quickly because the changes can come from various direct

2、ions. Sometimes from the south, especially in southern Europe will bring warm weather.And sometimes from the east and the north will bring cold weather.With so many weather fronts,its difficult to the weather.Britain seems to suffer more and more of the many storms and attacks. In the summer of 2004

3、, a short period of time a wide range of rainfall led to serious landslides and floods. The people living in some villages of southern England at forced to leave their homes for two weeks. Britains climate is warming. The hottest temperature is the United Kingdom in 2003 died at Kent Record Gravesen

4、 to 38.1 .Snow in Scotland more than England. Since the majority of the Scottish Highlands region and more than on the North of England. In recent years, the coldest winter in 1947 and 1963. In 1947, from January 22 to March 17, Snow in some areas of the United Kingdom continuously. Temperature high

5、er than 0 there is little time. In 1963, a decrease in snow, but temperatures are much lower. Generally speaking, the United Kingdom is still very mild winter, even at night the temperature rarely have time to less than 0 .The United Kingdom because the weather changes so frequently, so the weather

6、is always an important topic of conversation. If you have the opportunity to play the United Kingdom, please be prepared to meet all kinds of weather. 2.weather in AmericaThe United States the vast territory (nearly Chinese), a variety of weather. Along the Florida coast of the United States are one

7、 of the warmest, where the temperature rarely below 20 , are warm all year round.San Francisco is located on the west coast almost all year-round climate has not changed, the total at about 22 .San Francisco, many questions are a lot of foggy weather, almost hard to see the blue sky. In fact, for th

8、is reason, there is usually also the cold winter than in summer.New York is located in the east coast of the warm and humid climate, but in the winter is cold, and snows often.1英国的天气英国的北部地区比南部地区要湿润，很多其他的国家也有着相似的降雨量。然而，英国的天气是难以预测的，因为变化可以从很多不同的方向到来。有时从南方，特别是南欧地区会带来温暖的天气，而有的时候从东方和北方又会带来寒冷的天气。在有着如此多的气团锋

9、面的情况下，预测天气是很困难的。英国似乎遭受到越来越多的风暴和袭击。在2004年夏天，短时期内广泛的降雨导致了塌方和严重的洪灾。生活在英格兰南部一些村庄的人们被迫离开家园，时间长达两个星期。英国的气候也在变暖。英国的最高温度是2003年在肯特郡的格拉夫森死去记录到的38.1。降雪在苏格兰比英格兰更多见，因为苏格兰的大部分地区都是高地，而且比英格兰更靠北。近年来最冷的冬季出现在1947年和1963年。在1947年，从1月22日到3月17日，英国的某些地区降雪不断。气温很少有高于0的时候。而在1963年，降雪量有所减少，但气温却更低。一般说来，英国的冬天还是很温和的，即使是夜里的温度也很少有低于0

10、的时候。因为英国的天气变化如此频繁，所以天气总是谈话中的重要话题。如果你有机会去英国游玩，请做好准备迎接各种天气。2美国的天气美国国土辽阔（几乎和中国相当），气候也多种多样。佛罗里达海岸沿线是美国最暖和的地区之一，这里的温度很少到20以下，常年都很暖和。位于西海岸线的旧金山整年气候几乎都没有变化，总在22左右。问题是旧金山多雾天气很多，几乎很难见到蓝天。实际上，因为这个原因，这里通常夏天比冬天还冷。位于东海岸的纽约气候温暖湿润，但在冬天特别冷，而且经常下雪。气温： 英国的气温还是比较适合人生活的，不是很热，也不是很冷。 数据： 英国平均气温是14.8C， 最高气温是27.4C（7月底）， 最低

11、气温是-4.0C（1月初） 气温的月度变化，全年有一半时间都被定义为雨天，确实让人大吃一惊。 数据： 全年有184个雨天， 主要是1月，2月，10月，11月，12月降水较多（每月有20天雨天） 4月，8月，9月降水相对较少（每月有小于10天雨天） 5，6，7月有15天左右的雨天 1,2,7,11,12月的降水量比较大（大于90mm一个月） 12月总降水量为171.7mm. Module2 ：FamilyTV in the UK and the USAIn the UK and the USA, apart from the country to provide free television

12、channel other than a lot of people will watch pay TV channels. Bought a home 3-10 television channels are no longer unusual economical.With the increase of time watching TV, there is a lot of questions. UK average family 26 hours a week to look at television. In the United States, some figure is eve

13、n higher: approximately a week to look at women more than 30 hours of television. This means that the people sitting at more and more a long time, so that the cause of many people more and more obesity, lack of exercise. In the United States, every day the children watch about 3-4 hours of televisio

14、n. Some scientists think will be watching TV too much slack in childrens attention, they cause the loss of social skills. People have worried about the violence on television will have a negative impact on children.Pay television channel from now on money than they make more money from the ads on. W

15、ith the television channels and services increase, more families will put more money and time spent on watching TV.In the UK, television is a big education component. BBC will provide schools with a lot of special events, evening television program will broadcast English Open University (School of D

16、istance Education) curriculum of the television. Open University Student Housing section of the directory, you can speak on it, look at the future.Now there is some set up specifically for teachers to pay channels, which also can use the lessons taught by a teacher program. Since the Government to e

17、ncourage teachers to adopt this technology, so schools have begun to purchase these services.英国和美国的电视 在英国和美国，除了国家电视台提供的免费频道以外，很多人都会看付费电视频道。一个家庭买下30至100个频道的电视节目是再寻常不过的了。 随着人们看电视时间的增加，又出现了许多问题。英国平均每家人一周要看26小时电视。在美国这个数字还要高一些：女性大概每周要看30多个小时的电视。这意味着人们在坐的的时间越来越长，这样就导致了越来越多的人过于肥胖缺乏运动。在美国，孩子们大概每天看3至4个小时的电视。

18、部分科学家认为看电视太多会引起儿童的注意力涣散，导致他们丧失社交能力。还有人担心电视上的暴力镜头会对儿童产生负面影响。 电视公司现在从付费频道上赚的钱比他们从广告上赚的钱更多。随着电视节目频道和服务的增加，更多家庭将会把更多的金钱和时间花在看电视上。 在英国，电视也是教育的一个很大的组成部分。BBC为学校提供了很多特别节目，晚上电视节目里也会播放英国开放大学（远程教育学校）的电视课程。开房大学的学生可以讲节目录下来，以后再看。 现在有一些专门为教师设立的付费频道，里面还有教师上课可以使用的节目。因为政府鼓励教师采用此项技术，所以学校也开始购买这些服务了。Module3：Activities1.

19、sending cards：Birthday cards sent to the British people than the situation in other European countries have universal, there is a lot of Monopoly in the United Kingdom and other types of greeting cards birthday greeting card store.When people move, get drivers licenses, sick, birthday or Christmas d

20、ay, the English are in the habit of sending greeting cards to convey.Tradition of sending greeting cards dates back to 200 years ago. Card has a brief written language - is usually a verse or. Now the card is usually sent to some funny things.Birthday card will have some mention of the people now su

21、ffer Card Vending number, such as a horse and they enjoy football and other singers.Many people enjoy sending e-cards. These cards are sent by e-mail. Recipient usually receive a web site link, there is usually open after Friends Writing words and some music.2.Birthday traditions in some countriesTh

22、e first child have a birthday party in Germany, called the feast of childrens wish (Kinderfeste).Canadian tradition of birthday: put butter on hand at the nose, so the devil will not follow you.In India, the birthday of the children will give him / her chocolate hair students.Birthday every year in

23、Scotland the day the children will be 1, saved up to bring good luck.The custom of the United Kingdom are put in a birthday cake at a number of small things. What if you discovered, it indicates that you will affect the future. For instance, if you found a coin, you will become very rich future.New

24、Zealanders birthday is the unpleasant House singing birthday. And according to the birthday persons age, with everyone clapping.Children in South Africa over 21-year-old birthday, which will get a key.1 送贺卡 英国人送生日贺卡的现象比其他欧洲国家都要普遍，在英国有很多专卖生日贺卡和其他类型贺卡的商店。 当有人搬家，考到驾照，生病，过生日或圣诞节时，英国人都习惯送卡片传达问候。 送贺卡的传统可追

25、朔到200年前。卡片中写有简短的文字-通常是是个或者韵文。现在送的卡片通常是些搞笑的东西。还有一些生日卡会提现售卡人的挨号，比如马了足球和他们喜欢的歌星等。 许多人喜欢发送电子贺卡。这些卡是通过电子邮件来发送的。收卡人通常收到的是一个网址链接，打开后通常有朋友写的话和一些音乐。2一些国家的生日习俗第一个儿童的生日聚会产生于德国，叫做“儿童的祝宴（Kinderfeste）。加拿大人过生日的传统是：把黄油抹在鼻子上，这样恶魔就不会跟着你了。在印度，过生日的小朋友会给他/她的同学们发巧克力。苏格兰的小朋友每年生日的那天都会得到1英镑，积攒起来以带来好运。英国的习俗是在生日蛋糕里放一些小东西。如果你发

26、现了什么，就预示着会影响你的未来。比如，如果你发现了一枚硬币，你将来就会变得很富有。新西兰人过生日，则是把生日歌唱得很难听刺耳。然后根据过生日的人的年龄，大家一起鼓掌。南非的孩子过21岁生日那天，会得到一把钥匙。Module4：telephoneChinese restaurant in the UK and USAIn the United Kingdom and the United States, the majority of Chinese restaurants for customers to have the opportunity to be able to eat with

27、 chopsticks. The majority of British people and Americans are eating Chinese food with chopsticks, but some people are still accustomed to using knives and forks.In the United Kingdom, Chinese restaurants and India are the most popular restaurants in the United Kingdom the vast majority of cities an

28、d towns have at least a Chinese restaurant. Chinese food is also very popular outside, you can put them back home to eat. At the weekend, especially their own people do not want to cook and eat Chinese food outside of the more popular.In the United Kingdom is the place most restaurants in Chinatown

29、(唐人街), it is located in central London. Chinatown is a very popular tourist attractions, restaurants and shops can be seen everywhere.At the weekend its very busy. At Chinese New Year, when all the streets here have been disguised as a new one, especially beauty. In Chinatown, all the street names a

30、re used in both Chinese and English writing.In the United States, New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles have very big Chinatown.英国和美国的中餐馆 在英国和美国，大部分中餐馆都能让顾客有机会用筷子吃饭。大多数英国人和美国人吃中餐时都用筷子，但有些人仍习惯用刀叉。在英国，中餐馆和印度餐馆是最受欢迎的，在英国的绝大部分城镇里至少都有一家中餐馆。外面中餐也非常流行，你可以把它们带回家里吃。尤其是在周末人们都不想自己做饭，吃外面中餐就更加受欢迎了。 英国中餐馆最多的地方就

31、是唐人街（Chinatown），它位于伦敦市中心。唐人街是一个很受欢迎的旅游景点，餐馆和商店随处可见。周末这里非常忙。在春节的时候，这里所有的街道都被装扮一新，显得格外美丽。在唐人街，所有的街道的名称都是用中英双语书写的。 在美国的纽约，旧金山和洛杉矶都有很大的唐人街.Module5：gamesGamesClapping gamesIn Western countries,girls often play clapping Games, this game is generally carried out at the playground. Sometimes this game is no

32、t music, but the rhythm is not a very important aspect. A lot of games have their origins in Europe, and even some of the history of the Games can be traced back to ancient Rome. All along, the girls were at play this game, especially the 7-12 year-old girl, always playing clapping games.StampCircle

33、 of people take part in the game, the goal of the game is step on other peoples feet, but you have to turn to when you step on the foot can go. When people want to step on your feet, you can only go through one leg to avoid, if you were to step on, and you will be eliminated, and the last person to

34、win is not the person to step on the foot.Note:You must be careful not be stamp hard or it will hurt the other peoples.Bulldog20 Children stand around one side of the field to act as a bulldog for the children of these people standing around outside the 10 meter to act as a bulldog shouted the child

35、ren: Bulldog! These children are want to go the other side of the playground, but should not be acting like the bulldog to seize the children, if caught, it caught the child serve as a bulldog Game re-start, has been carried out.Hide-and-seekChildren must first select a person to seek, and then back

36、 to the Children U.S., at Camp a few number of other children to hide within the allotted time, then the person responsible for looking Children: Ready ? want me to find the beginning! then start looking for the child on the U.S., at other kids do not want the case was found to return to the base ca

37、mp , if it is found, then the people looking for children to be responsible for; if every children are safe to return to the base camp, then the child should continue to be responsible for finding people. After two rounds of change.Cat and mouseFirst of all, into a circle around the children, with t

38、wo articles, one called Cat (cat) and another called Mouse (Mouse). The children then Mouse in the circle transmission, spread half of the time, began to Cats to-and-mouse, cat can be changed at any time put to来捉mouse, in order to avoid being caught, mouse should be try to keep at Cats the opposite.

39、Whats the time ,Mr Wolf?First of all, a child selected to serve as Mr. Wolf, standing on other child from the Mr. Wolf place outside the 10 meter, and then, Mr. Wolf with his back to other children, the children began to ask: Whats the time , Mr Wolf? if Mr. Wolf , said: Its four oclock. Children on

40、 the move, Mr. Wolf go step-by-step four. To do so for several times, to a certain time, Mr. Wolf on the replied: Its dinner time. At this point, Mr. Wolf Children task will be turned, if caught, then caught The Children on the act as Mr. Wolf to continue the game.Red letterOrganizers from the alpha

41、bet letters in a randomly selected as the red letters. If the red letters are m, then the next game should not be used on the m, the organizers of the other children stand 10 meters away from the place, when the organizers say, when a letter (such as r ), if the childs first name which contains two

42、r , the organizers of the Child to the two steps forward, who come to the organizers of the first side, will win.游戏拍手游戏西方国家的女孩常玩拍手游戏，这种游戏一般在操场上进行。这种游戏有时并没有音乐的伴奏，但节奏一定是非常重要的一个方面。很多游戏都起源于欧洲，有些游戏的历史甚至可以追溯到古罗马。一直以来，都是女孩在玩这种游戏，尤其是7至12岁的女孩经常玩拍手游戏。踩脚游戏参加游戏的人围成一圈，游戏的目标是踩别人的脚，但必须要轮到你踩的时候你才可以去踩。当别人要踩你的脚时，你只能单

43、腿跳着避开，如果你被踩到了，你就被淘汰了，最后获胜的人就是没有被踩到脚的人。注意：踩的时候不要太用力，以免误伤他人。牛头犬游戏大约20个孩子站在操场的一边，充当“牛头犬”的孩子面向这些人，站在大约10米以外的地方，充当“牛头犬”的孩子大喊：“Bulldog！”这些孩子都要跑到操场的另一边，但不能被充当“牛头犬”的孩子抓住，如果被抓住，就有被抓住的孩子充当“牛头犬”，游戏重新开始，一直进行下去。捉迷藏游戏首先必须选定一个孩子负责找人，然后这个孩子背对大家，在“大本营”数数，其他的孩子要在规定的时间内藏起来，接着负责找人的孩子就喊：“准备好了吗？我要开始找了！”于是这个孩子就开始去找大家，其他的孩

44、子要在不被发现的情况下回到“大本营”,如果被发现，那么就由该孩子来负责找人；如果每个孩子都安全地回到“大本营”，那么这个孩子就要继续负责找人。两轮之后换人。猫捉老鼠游戏首先孩子们围坐成一圈，拿着两个物品，一个叫“Cat(猫)”，另一个叫“Mouse（老鼠）”。然后孩子们现将“老鼠”在圈内传递，传到一半时，开始传“猫”来捉老鼠，“猫”可以随时改变放向来捉“老鼠”，为避免被捉到，“老鼠”应尽量保持在“猫”的对面。Whats the time ,Mr Wolf?首先选定一个孩子充当“狼先生”，其他的孩子则站在距离“狼先生”10米外的地方，然后“狼先生”背对着其他孩子，孩子们开始问：“Whats th

45、e time ,Mr Wolf?”如果“狼先生”说：“Its four oclock.”孩子们就朝着“狼先生”走四步。连续这样做几次，到一定时候，“狼先生”就回答道：“Its dinner time.”此时，“狼先生”就会转过身来抓孩子，如果被抓到，那么被抓到的孩子就充当“狼先生”继续游戏。红字母组织者从字母表中任意选出一个字母作为“红字母”。假如“红字母”是“m”，那么接下来的游戏中就不能用到“m”，其他孩子站在离组织者10米远的地方，当组织者说出一个字母的时候（例如“r”），如果哪个孩子的名字里含有两个“r”，则该孩子向组织者前进两步，谁最先走到组织者身边，谁就获胜。Module6：Rou

46、tines1.Instruments children learn in the UK and the USAThe United Kingdom and the United States at the most popular instruments are the guitar. It is popular because of the impact of modern music: from the 20th century, the 50s marked the beginning of the band have a lot of guitarist. Guitar cheap,

47、easy to carry, so a lot of schools have to provide the guitar curriculum for pupils. Although it is very difficult to bomb the best instruments to master some basic skills is very easy.Piano and organ is also very popular. Around 40 years ago, if primary school children study a selection of instrume

48、nts, then they would choose many of the piano, but now has changed.Singing lessons are also a great demand. One reason is that OK from the impact of the Japanese karaoke karaoke OK now in the United States and the United Kingdom are very popular in many bars, karaoke clubs are performing OK. Some pe

49、ople also purchase a karaoke machine on the home OK.Another reason is that young people in television programs popular singing competition. At the end of each show, the audience will be a vote winner. This person will normally be contracted to make the number of record companies considerable money.2

50、.Weekend activities in the UKWatching footballEating out ,eg.going to Chinese,Indian or Thai restaurants.ShoppingWalkingVisiting historic houses and castlesWatching vidios and DVDsEating takeaway food 1 英国和美国学的乐器 在英国和美国最流行的乐器是吉他。它的流行是因为现代音乐的影响：自20世纪50年代开始许多注明的乐队都有吉他手。吉他便宜，容易携带，所以很多学校都为小学生提供吉他课程。虽然这是

51、很难弹好的的乐器，掌握一些基本的技巧还是很容易的。 钢琴和电子琴也很流行。大约40年前，如果孩子小学选择学习一门乐器的话他们多本会选钢琴，不过现在已经改变了。 歌唱课现在的需求也很大。一个原因是来自日本卡拉OK的影响现在卡拉OK在美国和英国都很流行，在许多酒吧，俱乐部里都有卡拉OK表演。一些人还购置了卡拉OK机放在家里。 另一个原因是电视节目中年轻人歌唱比赛的流行。在每个节目的结束，观众还会投票产生一个获奖者。这个人通常会签约唱片公司赚取数目可观的钱2英国人的周末活动 看足球比赛 外出就餐，如去中国，印度或泰国餐厅 购物 散步 餐馆古建筑，城堡等 看碟 吃快餐Module7：Childrens

52、 DayPicnicPicnic (野餐) from the law are perhaps the word piquenique. The term first appeared in writing, are perhaps the French in the 17th century. But it was not until the 18th century picnic first appeared in English textbooks. Usually expressed in the wild scenery and pleasant place to eat.Some f

53、amilies often go back home park picnic. It is always a picnic at the public areas, permanent wooden tables and stools have. If there is no table, a picnic at the people in general will be a table cloth on the ground floor, put food on the middle, people are sitting around the dinner cloth.The 18th c

54、entury, the French royal parks open to the public, ordinary people can also go to these parks picnic.Habits of American Independence Day - that is, at the annual July 4th picnic to go out that day to show to celebrate.Typically, people will be on a picnic with food made of wicker basket. American ea

55、ting habits are picnic roast chicken and potato salad. Now, people still eat these foods, as well as corn, hot dogs, fruit and home-made lemonade.Most easy of the picnic food is sandwiches and fruit. People also enjoy with cheese, fruit, bread and wine.野餐 “picnic（野餐）一词大概是来源于法语“piquenique。这个词第一次以书面形式

56、出现大概是在17世纪的法国。但是直到18世纪picnic一次才出现在英语课本中。通常表示在野外风景宜人的地方吃东西。 一些家庭经常回去公园野餐。在人们经常野餐的公共区域，常设有木质餐桌和凳子。如果没有餐桌，野餐的人们一般会在地面上铺上一张桌布，把食物放在中间，人则坐在餐布的四周。 18世纪，法国的王室公园对公众开放，普通民众也可以到这些公园野餐。 美国人的习惯在独立日-即每年的7月4日这天外出野餐，以示庆祝。 通常，人们会将野餐的食物放在用柳条编的篮子里。美国人习惯野餐是吃烤鸡和土豆沙拉。现在，仍有人吃这些食品以及玉米，热狗，水果和自制的柠檬水。 最简单的野餐食物是三明治和水果。人们也喜欢带奶

57、酪，水果，面包和酒。Module 8 : London TransportThe UndergroundThe nimber of kilometres travelled by each London Underground train in one year is 117,600 km. The total number of passenagers carried on the trains each year is 976 million.The average train speed is 33 km per hour and the trains travel over a network of 408 km. Forty-five percent of the network is in tunnels. The longest continuous tunnel is from East Finchley to Morden and stretches 27.8 km.There are 410 escalatora in the London stations and the station with the most escalators is Wa