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1、2019年外研版初一英语第7讲:词汇知识-过去知多少一.课程介绍知识点1. 重点词汇: cleaned(clean的过去式)打扫 stayed(stay的过去式)停留 washed(wash的过去式)洗 watched(watch的过去式)看 had(have的过去式)患病;得病 had a cold 感冒 slept(sleep的过去式)睡觉 read(read的过去式)读 saw(see的过去式)看见 last最近的;上一个的 yesterday 昨天before 在之前 went(go的过去式)去 ate(eat的过去式)吃 rode(ride的过去式)骑 took(take的过去式)拍
2、照 hurt(hurt的过去式)(使)受伤 bought(buy的过去式) camp野营 fish 钓鱼 gift 礼物 2. 重点短语:cleaned my room 打扫我的房间 washed my clothes 洗我的衣服 stayed at home 呆在家里 watched TV 看电视 read a book看书 saw a film看电影 had a cold感冒 last weekend 上周末 the day before yesterday前天 played football 踢足球 visited grandparents 拜
3、访祖父母 ( ride)rode a horse 骑马 (hurt)hurt my foot 伤到脚 rode a bike 骑自行车 ate fresh food 吃新鲜食 went camping 去野营 took pictures 拍went fishing 去钓鱼 bought gifts 买礼物 went swimming 去游泳 far from 远离3. 重点句型: 1. - What did you do last weekend? 上周你做什么了? -I played football
4、. 我踢足球了。 2. -Did you clean the room? 你打扫过房间了吗? -Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 是的,我打扫过了。/不,我没有打扫。 3. -How was your weekend? 你周末过
5、得怎么样? -It was good, thank you. 很好,谢谢你。 4. What did you do yesterday? 你昨天干什么了? 5. -Did you do anything else? 你还做了其他事吗? -Yes, I cleaned my room and washed my clothes. 是的,我打扫房间,还洗了衣服。 6. -What happened? 怎么了? -I fell off m
6、y bike and hurt my foot. 我从自行车上摔下来然后伤到脚了。 7. -Are you all right? 你还好吧? -Im OK now. 我现在没事了。 教学重点 1.形容词归纳。 2.基数词的读法。 3.一般过去时的用法。 4.过去式的规则和不规则变化。教学难点 一般过去时的用法二.要点回顾词汇短语1 打扫2 看3 停留4 睡觉5 洗6 看见7 读8 得(病)9 昨天10_ 在之前11 _ 最近的12_ 喝13_ 更好的14_ 更快的15 _ 喜爱【答案】1.clean2.watch 3.stay 4.sleep 5.wash 6. see 7.read8.hav
7、e9.yesterday 10. before 11.last 12. drink 13. better 14.faster 15.enjoy词汇拓展1. have (过去式)2. see (过去式)3. read (过去式)4. well (过去式)5. is (过去式) 【答案】1.had2.saw3. read 4.better5.was 三.知识精要 1.词汇cleaned打扫yesterday昨天washed洗last最近的had得病before在之前slept睡觉watched观看better更好的took拍照was是rode骑were是ate吃drank喝camp野营faster
8、更快的went去gift礼物bought买 2.词组 cleaned my room打扫我的房间 last weekend上周末washed my clothes洗我的衣服the day before yesterday前天 stayed at home呆在家里played football踢足球watched TV看电视 visited grandparents拜访祖父母read a book看书rode a horse骑马saw a film看电影hurt my foot伤到脚had a cold感冒went camping去野营took pictures拍照rode
9、a bike骑自行车went fishing去钓鱼bought gifts买礼物四.要点讲练 【要点1】特殊疑问词 what 什么 where 哪里 who 谁 how 怎样 whose 谁的 when 什么时候 why 为什么 whom 谁例如:What did you do? 你做了什么? Where did you go? 你去哪里了? Who is going to the library? 谁打算去图书馆? How do you go the school? 你怎样去学校? Why were you late this morning? 为什么你今天早晨迟到了?【例题】 A:_? B
10、: Miss Li is a music teacher. Shes pretty.【解析】考查特殊疑问词的用法。询问人用who。【答案】Who is she?【即学即用】根据答语填空。A: _? B: My throat is sore. 【答案】Whats the matter?【要点2】过去式的构成 1. 一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:
11、study-studied5不规则动词过去式: am/is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said ,give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had,eat-ate, take-took, r
12、un-ran, sing-sang, put-put,make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, 等。 【例题】My father _ il
13、l yesterdayA. isn't B. aren't C. wasn't D. weren't【解析】本题需看到标志词yesterday, 用一般过去时。由于主语是三单形式,故选C。【答案】C 【即学即用】_ your parents at home last weekA. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were【解析】本题需看到标志词last week, 用一般过去时。由于主语是复数形式,故选D。【答案】D【要点3】一般过去时的用法1.构成:一般过去时用动词的过去式表示,其结构为:主语+动词过去式+其它。 如:Lily wanted to kn
14、ow if her grandma liked the handbag. 莉莉想知道她的外祖母是否喜欢这个手提袋。2.用法:1)表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 如:We visited a museum last week. 上周我们参观一个博物馆。她说她会在桌上留口信的。 【考查点】通过last week提示“参观”的动作发生在过去,visit需用过去的形式。 2)表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。 如: We often swam in the river when we were children. 当我们是孩子的时候,我们经常到河里游泳。 【考查点】从句的时间是表明在我们孩提时,
15、因此要求主句中的swim用上过去时。 【易错点】本句中学生易受often的影响,用成一般现在时。同时注意表示过去常常做某事也可用used to do的结构进行表示。 3.时间状语:last night, yesterday, some years ago, in 2019,in the past, in the other time, just now, that day等。 【例题】 The twins _ in Dalian last year. They _ here now A. are; were B. were; are C. was; are D. were; was【解析】本题
16、第一个空有标志词last year,主语是复数,因此谓语用were.第二个空出现了标志词now,主语是复数,因此谓语用are。故选B。【答案】B【即学即用】根据句意填入单词的正确形式:I _ _ _ last night. (读故事书)【答案】read story books【链接中考】 -Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol ? (2019山东泰安)-Yes, I_ in Taian for a week last year and reached the top of it twice. A. had stayed B. stay C. stayed
17、 D. have stayed【解析】考查一般过去时的用法。last year是一般过去时态的标志词。【答案】C-Dont see the sign “No Parking!” on the right? (2019四川绵阳)-Sorry, I_. But now I know parking here is not right. A. dont B. didnt C. hadnt D. doesnt【解析】此题考查时态的用法。But now说明之前是过去。【答案】B-I have to be off right now. (2019内蒙呼和浩特)-What a pity! I_ you co
18、uld stay a little longer with us. A. thought B. am thinking C. think D. was thinking【解析】此题考查一般过去时的用法,根据句意可以推断用一般过去时。【答案】A五.双基达标1.改错1. How is Jane yesterday? _2. He go to school by bus last week. _3. He often goes home at
19、 6:00 last month. _4. I can fly kites seven years ago. _ 5. Did you saw him just now? _6. Tom wasnt watch TV last night. _7. I didnt my homework yesterday.
20、;_8. He wait for you three hours ago. _9. Who find it just now? _【答案】1. is-was 2. go-went3. goes-went 4. can-could 5. saw-see 6. watch-watching 7. didn't后加上do 8. wait-waited 9. find-found 2.根据句意,用所给单词的
21、正确形式完成句子。1. Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 2. Mike _ (not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So I _ (get) up late. 3. Mary _ (read) English
22、;yesterday morning. 4. There _ (be) no one here a moment ago. 5. I _ (call) Mike this morning. 6. I listened but _ (hear) nothing. 7. Tom _ (begin) to learn Chi
23、nese last year. 8. Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. 9. My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday. 10. She watches TV every evening. But she _ (not&
24、#160;watch) TV last night.【答案】1.came 2. didnt go got 3. read 4. was 5. called 6.heard 7.began 8.picked 9.didnt do 10.didnt watch3.完型填空。It was Sunday yesterday.Steve _1_ a
25、;relaxing weekend._2_ Sunday morning, he played computer gameswith his friends at home.It _3_ pretty good.In the afternoon, he _4_ with his mother.They bought many kinds of
26、60;food and vegetables.It was really relaxing and exciting.In the evening, he _5_ a talk show with his parents andlistened to some songs by a _6_ singer._7_ Ann had&
27、#160;a busy weekend.She _8_ stopped working.On Sunday morning, she cleaned her bedroom and did her homework.In the afternoon, she went to visit her uncle and _9_ him do
28、160;some farm work.In the evening, she cooked dinner for her parents.After dinner, she washed the dishes.Thenshe went out _10_ a walk with her dog. What about your w
29、eekend? 1. Ahas Bhave Chad Dwas 2. AIn
30、60; BAt CFor DOn 3. Abe Bis
31、160; Cwas Dwere 4. Agoes shopping Bwent shopping Cwent to shopping Dwent shops 5. Awatched
32、 Bwatches Clooked Dsee 6. Aheight Bmedium Cpopular
33、0; Dlong 7. ABut BBecause COr DSo 8. Aoften
34、; Balways Cusually Dnever 9. Ahelped Bliked Casked
35、0; Dtold 10. Aat Bfor Cfrom &
36、#160;DOn【答案】15: CDCBA 610: CADAB4.习文练笔题目要求 上周末,外面正在下雨,你和你的家人不得不呆在家里。你们都做了什么?请用一般过去时记录下你和家人的周末。首句已给出。思路点拨1时态:一般过去时;人称:第一人称和第三人称。2可使用一些固定的句型结构,注意人称以及动词的过去式。词汇热身待在家里_打扫房间_看报纸_一起_【答案】stay at home clean the roomread the newspapertogether连句成篇It was rainy last weekend. My family and I _【参考范文】It was rainy l
37、ast weekend. My family and I stayed at home all day. In the morning my mother cleaned the room. And my father read the newspaper. My mother cooked the food at noon and I helped her wash the vegetables. After lunch, I did my homework. In the evening, we watched TV together. We had a happy weekend.6、
38、单元自测1单项选择( ) 1. Lee _ his mobile phone at home. A. leave B. leaves C. leaved
39、; D. left ( ) 2. _ he _ a good rest? No, he didnt. A. Do, had B. Did, have
40、 C. Did, had D. Was, had ( ) 3. As soon as he _ , he _ to his family. A. arrived, w
41、rites B. arrived, written C. arrived, wrote D. arrives, write ( ) 4. Mr. Black was late because
42、 he _ his way. A. losted B. lose C. loses D. lost ( ) 5. When _ Le
43、e _ school this morning? A. did, got to B. did, get to C. did, get D. did, got ( )
44、0;6. Will you please say it again? I _ quite _ you. A. didnt, hear B. dont, heard C. didnt,
45、heard D. dont, hear ( ) 7. _ you _ at six oclock yesterday? A. Do, get up B. Did, get up C. Do,
46、0;got up D. Did, got up ( ) 8.What did you see _? A. now B. every day C. these days D. j
47、ust now ( ) 9.He went into the room and _ the door. A. lock B. locking C. locks D. locked (
48、160; ) 10. -What _ you _ last week? -I bought a bag. A. did, buy B. did, bought C. do, buy D. do, bought 【答案】1.D
49、160;2.B 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.A2.句型转换1. Father bought me a new bike. (同义句) Father bought _ _ _ _ me. 2. Frank read an interesting book about
50、history. (一般疑问句) _ Frank _ an interesting book about history? 3. Hes cleaning his rooms. (划线提问)_ he _? 4. Why not go out for a walk? (同义句) _ _ _ out
51、160;for a walk? 5. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. (否定句) Thomas _ _ RMB 10 on this book. 6. My family went to the beach last week. (划线提问) _ _
52、160;_ family _ last week? 7. I didnt have any friends. (一般疑问句) _ _ have _ friends? 8. I think she is Lilys sister. (否定句)_ 9. Sally often does some rea
53、ding in the morning. (否定句) Sally _ often _ some reading in the morning. 10. He is a tall, thin boy. (划线提问) _ _ he _ _?【答案】1.a new bike to 2.did r
54、ead 3.What's doing 4.Why don't you 5.didn't spend 6.Where were my going 7.Did I any 8.I don't think she is Lily's sister. 9.doesn't do 10.How does&
55、#160;look like3知识运用1)完形填空Tom did not like doing his homework, because he liked to do some _1_ things after school. And his teacher always _2_ a lot of mistakes in his homework. Then one day,his maths teacher _3_ at Toms homework and saw that he got all his answers right
56、. He was very _4_ and surprised(惊奇). The next morning before class, he called Tom _5_ his desk and _6_ to him, “You got all your homework right this time. Did your father help you?” Sometimes Toms father helped him with his homework, _7_ this time he didnt help Tom because he _8_ at home.
57、So Tom answered, “NO, Sir. He Was busy last night, so I _9_ to do it _10_.” ( )1Aothers Banother Cthe other Dother ( )2Amade Bfound Clooked at Dlooked ( )3Alaughed Bknocked Clooked Dsaw ( )4Aplease Bpleased Cpleasure Dsad ( )5Ato Bfor Cin Dat ( )6Atalked Basked Cspoke Dsaid ( )7Aand Bbut C
58、so Dor ( )8Aisnt Bwont be Cwasnt Dcant be ( )9Awanted Bmustnt Cliked Dhad ( )10.Aitself Bof them Cmyself Dhimself【答案】1-5 DBCBA 6-10 DBCDC2)阅读理解One day, Bruce played in front of a house. A woman came up and asked Bruce, “
59、Little boy, is your mother at home?” “Yes, she is,” answered the boy. Then the woman went over to ring the bell. The bell rang and rang,but no one came
60、0;to open the door. The woman got angry and called out to him, “You told me your mother was at home, didnt you?” “Yes,” the boy answered. “My mother is at home, but this isnt my home.” 1. One day, Bruce played _. A. in the park &
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