二轮复习(二)冠词

1、二轮复习 （ 二） 冠 词冠词的基本用法 全析考法 I.单句语法填空1. （2018?全国卷n ）Cor n product ion has jumped n early 125 perce nt overpast 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.解析： the 此处特指过去的 25 年，故用 the past 25 years。2. （2017?全国卷n ）This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strongroof ove

2、r top.解析： the top 是名词，前面要用冠词，此处特指在（地铁的 ）顶部建造一个结实的顶，所以填定冠词 the。3. （2017?全国卷川）lnstead, she is earning £6,500 a day asmodel in New York.解析： a 此处意为 “作为纽约的一名模特” ，在单数可数名词 model 前应该使用不定冠词， 表示“一，一名” ，且 model 的读音以辅音音素开头，故填a。4（2017?11 月浙江高考 ）lt's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocab

3、ulary. Like many things in life, it's ongoing process.解析：an此处表示积累词汇是一个持续的过程，因为单词ongoing的读音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词 an 。5（2017?6月浙江高考 ）For Pahlsson, its return was wonder.解析： a wonder 为可数名词，表示“奇迹，奇事” ，此处为泛指，且 wonder 的读音以辅音 音素开头，故填不定冠词a。6. （2015?全国卷 n ）The adobe dwellings （ 土坯房）built by the Pueblo Indians o

4、f the American Southwest are admired by even most modern of architects and engineers.解析： the 在形容词最高级的前面用定冠词the。7（2015?广东高考 ）He owned farm , which looked almost abandoned.解析： a 此处指一个农场，表示泛指，且 farm 的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。8. （2014?全国卷 I ）Now, years later, this river is one ofmost outstanding examples ofenv

5、ironmental cleanup.解析： the 此空后为形容词的最高级形式，故应填定冠词 the。n.单句改错1. （2018?全国卷n ）As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I askedto watch them, my parents would not let me.解析：theta kid在此处表泛指，且 kid的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。2. （2017?全国卷 I ）I still remember how hard first day was.解析： first

6、前加 the/my 表示第几天，序数词前要加定冠词 the 或者用形容词性物主代词 my 进行修饰。3. （2017?全国卷n ）They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.解析：第一个an/one hour的读音以元音音素开头，且是可数名词， 所以用an/one hour表示“一个小时” 。4. （2016?全国卷n ）But in that case, we will learn little about world.解析： world 前加

7、 the 此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。5 （2016 ? 四 川 高 考 ）I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.解析： kitchen 前加 the 此处特指“我们家”的厨房。6. （2015?全国卷n ）He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop . A woman saw himcrying and told him to wait outside a shop.解析：outside后的athe 此处用定冠词特指上文提到的商店。

8、7. （2014?全国卷 n ）There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroombuildings.解析：去掉第一个 the 此处为泛指，不表示特指，故去掉 the。谨记规则 （一）不定冠词表示类指或某类中的“任何一个” 。 A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease.表示泛指“某个” 。当说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词；或由不定冠词构成 的名词词组往往带有不确定的含义，相当于a certain;或专有名词前加不定冠词，表示具有某种

9、特性的人或物、某一位不认识的人或某个不确定的时间。I have a question to ask you.In a sense what you said is true.All of a sudden, she burst into tears.Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one 强烈。 Suddenly theyheard a loud voice.表示"每”，相当于per，用在表示价格、速度、频率等的短语中。Pric

10、es start at £ 13.95a yard for printed cotton.用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，使之具体化。表示"一种的人或事”He suddenlyappeared on a rainy night, which was a great surprise to us.不定冠词用于序数词前，表示“再一，又一” 。 Live a good, honorable life.Then when you get older and think back, you'll get to enjoy it a second time.（二）定冠词表示特指的

11、人或物， 或者双方都知道的或心中都明确的人或物， 或者指上文已经提到过的人 或事物。 Take your time it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。The earth goes around the sun.用于序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前。Is this the first time that you have visitedQingdao？ 用在表示姓氏的复数名词之前， 表示一家人或夫妻俩; 或用于形容词或分词前， 表示某一类 人或物。 The explosion saw

12、people rush to help the injured.用在世纪前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示“在某世纪几十年代”。 It's said that corn wasgrown a lot in Tibet in the 17th century.（三）零冠词He is living in专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。Canada now.季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐前一般不加冠词。 We usually have breakfast at 7 o'clock.语言、学科名称、球类运动、棋类游戏等名词前不用冠词。 I'm i

13、nterested in English. 表示头衔和职务的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，其前通常不用冠词。 Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us ，“ A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford or Cambridge.”系动词 turn（ 变成 ）后的单数名词作表语不用冠词。His brother has turned writer.“（零冠词+ ）单数名词/形容词最高级+ as/though（ +主语+谓语）”，意为"尽管但是”。 Hero as/though

14、he is, he has some shortcomings.冠词的固定搭配 全析考法 I .单句语法填空1. （2018?全国卷川）Unexpectedly, rm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs.解析： the at the top of one's lungs 为固定搭配，意为“尽量大声地，声嘶力竭地” 。2. （2017?全国卷I ）When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it i

15、s missingsomething.As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that somethingmissing.解析： a as a result 为固定搭配，意为“结果” 。3. （2016?全国卷 I ）The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that whileone is being bottle - fed, other is with mum she never suspects.解析：the one .th

16、e other为固定搭配，意为"一个另一个”。此处表示双胞胎大熊猫中的另一只，两者之间的“另一个”应该使用 the other 。4. （2016?全国卷 n ）Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside forwhile,exercising, or doing something you enjoy.解析： a for a while 为固定搭配，意为“一会儿” 。5（2014?广东高考 ）She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on top

17、 floor.解析： the on the top floor 为固定搭配，意为“在顶层” 。n.单句改错1. （2018?全国卷 I ）During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.解析： countryside 前加 the go to the countryside 是固定用法，意为“去乡下” 。2. （2016?全国卷川）At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisio

18、ns bymyself.解析：去掉 the at first “起初” ，为固定短语。3（2015?浙江高考 ）On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.解析： hurry 前加 a in a hurry “匆匆忙忙” ，为固定短语。4. （2014?全国卷 I ）As result, the plants are growing everywhere.解析：As后加a as a result结果”，为固定短语。5（

19、2014?辽宁高考 ）Besides, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.解析：第一个atan an average of ."平均有”，为固定短语。谨记规则 （一）不定冠词用于固定搭配中an average of 平均for a while 一会儿as a result 因此 as a rule 通常as a whole 总体上as a matter of fact 事实上at a loss 不知所措in a hurry 匆忙in a word 总之 in a sense在某种意义上in a way 在某种程度上 kee

20、p an eye on 照看，留意 put an end to 结束 once upon a time 从前 be on a diet 节食 have/catch a cold 感冒 have/take a rest 休息in a short while 不久 pay a visit to 拜访 once in a while 偶尔all of a sudden 突然 have a gift for 有天赋make a living 谋生 give sb.a lift 让某人搭便车（二）定冠词用于固定搭配中 in the middle of 在中间 in the end 最后by the wa

21、y 顺便说一下 in the distance 在远处 in the way 挡道 on the whole 总的来说 at the same time 同时on the other hand 另一方面to tell the truth 说实话for the time being 暂时on the spot 在现场 on the top floor 在顶层 the other day 前几天 take the place of 代替 at the moment 此刻，目前in the countryside 在乡村make the most/best of充分利用one .the other

22、. 一个，另一个（三）零冠词用于固定搭配中at present 目前take part in 参加in peace 平静 by chance/accident 碰巧 on purpose 故意 on second thoughts 再一想 ahead of time 提前 in advance 提前 by law 根据法律 by mistake 错误地 under repair 处于维修中 lose heart 灰心 out of control 失控 out of work 失业in danger 处于危险之中at risk 处境危险；遭受危险day and night 整日整夜from m

23、orning till night从早到晚 语法填空解题“ 2 定向”1 根据泛指或特指选择冠词如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。（1）如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个（本、种等）”，一般填a/an。如果可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些” 一般填the;如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。2 根据固定句式或固定搭配选择冠词英语中有很多带有冠词的固定句式或短语，记住这些句式和短语也有利于解决此类问题。据第1条解题1 She stayed up un til eleve n thirty on

24、e evening on purpose just to see the moon light.2 In Chinese culture, each year is related to a Chinese animal according to the 12 -year cycle.3 He not only is the best stude nt in our class, but also has an excelle nt sense of humour and a genuine in terest in other people.4 Like many other uni ver

25、sities at that time, Harvard at the early stage ofte n ran into a finan cial crisis.5 Dino saurs died out because of an un expected in cide nt.6 The “ Spider- story ” is ofte n told.Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th cen tury, was hid ing in a cave from the En glish.据第2条解题7 As a matter of

26、 fact, there are two trophies （ 奖杯）in history.8 For most in dividuals, as a result of eat ing foods rich in fats and sugar several years, they choose to go on a diet but do not succeed at the end.9 He smiled back as if to give me a receipt and I would preserve his smile for a long time.10 It is also

27、 a cultural bridge betwee n Xishua ngba nna and Southeast Asia n coun tries that share the same festival culture of water -splashing.11 I usually go to my workplace coffee shop to place an order, but this Wed nesday, it was slightly differe nt.12 At the same time, great progress made in scie nee and

28、 tech no logy was really amaz ing.短文改错解题“ 4视角”1. 注意单词首字母的音素看到读音以辅（元）音音素开头的名词要想到应用不定冠词a（n）。2 明确特指与泛指如果名词表示特指，则应用定冠词 the,泛指用a/an。3 掌握可数与不可数看到单数可数名词要想到是否少用了冠词；看到不可数名词表示泛指要想到是否多用了冠词。4 记熟固定搭配牢记含冠词的固定搭配，确定冠词的增与删。据第1条解题1 Last but not least, we should take a active part in sports and build up our body.a an2

29、 Besides, this will be my first experienee to participate in such a activity.a an据第2条解题3 On en teri ng the flat, you will find yourself in the sitt ing room.To be hon est, a sitt ing room is my favourite part.a the4. Zhang Wei was watching TV while his father was preparing dinner in the kitchen on a

30、n evening of January 9th. an the5. It is the great honour for me to take part in the volunteer work, and I learn the significanee of helping others.第一个 thea据第3条解题6. It started when teacher set up a volleyball club in our school, hoping that more students would take part in the sport and keep fit.tea

31、cher 前力口 a7. Last summer vacati on, I worked in restaura nt. restaura nt 前力口 a8. The blogs serves as open platform where you can do lots of things.open 前力口 an据第4条解题9. Though there are a lot of changes, the great number of men still guard their rights. the a10. Mr Yang found me and apologized to me f

32、or his sharp words next day.next 前力口 the11. With his help, we have made a great progress.去掉 a12. When the Iandlady discovered what had happened, she decided to do him favor.favor前力口 a 语篇综合检测I .语法填空As an exchange student, Wei Hua studied in a British high school for one year.She was happy _1_ the sch

33、ool hours in Britain because school starts around 9: 00 a. m. and ends around 3 :30 p. m.On the first day, all the new stude nts _2_ (atte nd) an assembly in the school hall.Wei Hua sat n ext to a girl _3_ n ame was Dian a.Duri ng the assembly, the headmaster told the stude nts that the best way to

34、earn respect was to devote _4_ (they) to study and achieve high _5_ (grade). As there were many students in her class, it was a struggle for Wei Hua _6_ (remember) all the faces and n ames.Although the homework was not as heavy as what she used to get in her old school, it was a bit _7_ (challe nge)

35、 for her at first because all the homework was in English._8_ (lucky), all her teachers gave her much encouragement.To improve her En glish, Wei Hua used En glish every day and spe nt _9_ hour each day readi ng En glish books in the library.In a word, _10_ (study) in Britai n was a very enjoyable and excit ing experie nee for Wei Hua. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了魏华在英国上高中的学习经历。1. with考查介词。be happy with "对感到满意的”，是固定用法。2. atte nded考查动词的时态。由下文可知，此处讲述过去的事，应用一般过去时。3 . whose考查定语从句引导词。所填词引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语，修饰名词name, 故填whose。4 . themselves 考查代词。devote on eself to sth."全神贯注于某事”，是