Chinese-opera

1、G:中西文化概论中西文化概论drama李玉刚李玉刚2012-1-31香港演出香港演出贵妃醉酒贵妃醉酒 标清标清.flvChinese opera has unique style with the distinctive national features and a unique aesthetic characteristics.The four periods of Chinese OperaThe four periods of Chinese Opera1)Forming period:1)Forming period: Primitive society Primitive soc

2、iety (to satisfy peoples spiritual (to satisfy peoples spiritual need).need).社火、秧歌、傩戏社火、秧歌、傩戏originated in the primitive society of dance, the songs in the Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty. During the Jin dynasty was to form a more complete opera art.The Development of Chinese OperaThe Development of Ch

3、inese Opera2)Booming period: Commercial and professional performing group emerged, the famous playwrights and Representatives are:Guan Hanqing: The Injustice to Dou E（关汉卿）窦娥冤（关汉卿）窦娥冤; ;Ma Zhiyuan: Autumn in Han PalaceMa Zhiyuan: Autumn in Han Palace（马致远）汉宫秋（马致远）汉宫秋; ;Wang Shifu: Romance of the West

4、Chamber（王实甫）西厢记（王实甫）西厢记.Yuan dynastyWang Shifu: Romance of the West ChamberMing Dynasty3) Extension period, Repertoire:Tang Xianzu:The Peony Pavilion（汤显祖）牡丹亭（汤显祖）牡丹亭 The Development of Chinese OperaThe Development of Chinese OperaThe Development of Chinese OperaThe Development of Chinese OperaEarly

5、Qing dynasty4) prosperous period: Chinese Opera welcomed a prosperous time with Beijing Opera coming up.Repertoire:The Palace of Long Life (Hong Sheng) 长生殿（洪昇）长生殿（洪昇）The Peach Blossom Fan (Kong Shangren) 桃花扇（孔尚任）桃花扇（孔尚任）The Peach Blossom Fan (Kong Shangren)Peking Opera Originally Beijing Opera was a

6、 form of local theatre. It then spread across the country and became the national opera of China.Beijing Opera is the essence of China, many people understanding the opera more or less. the four basic performing forms of Beijing Opera:chang (唱唱),nian (念念), zuo (作作) ,da (打打). Singing, dialogue, actin

7、g, martial arts. (唱，念，作，打唱，念，作，打) The melody of Beijing Opera may be classified into two groups: Xipi and erhuang. E:中西文化概论中西文化概论drama李玉刚孔莹戏曲联李玉刚孔莹戏曲联唱唱.flvSheng (生，Male)Dan (旦，Famale)Jing (净，Painted face male)Chou (丑，Clown)E:中西文化概论drama李玉刚孔莹戏曲联唱.flvSheng in Chinese may mean strange or rare, but the

8、 chief male role is a well known character.老生武生小生Dan, which means morning or masculine, is contrary to the feminine nature of the characters.青衣刀马旦老旦花旦Jing means clean, but in fact the paintings on their faces make the characters look u n c l e a n b u t c o l o r f u l .正净副净武净 The feature of Chou ch

9、aracters are similar with clown in western drama, they are usually quick and talkative. 文丑武丑茶衣丑丑婆子褶子丑袍带丑faces have positive meanings, symbolizing loyal ,brave, faithful, and w i s e m e n . s u c h a s G u a n Yu .Black, usually has neutral meanings, symbolizing just brave, criticized(刚烈刚烈) integrit

10、y(正直正直 ) and even reckless(鲁莽鲁莽 ), however, they can also represent uprightness.Yellow types of facial makeup in operas symbolize vicious brutality, such as Dian Wei.Blue or green have neutral meanings that symbolize the hero of the bush, with the former also hinting at strength and i n t r e p i d

11、i t y ( 大 胆 ) .White faces have negative meanings that symbolize treacherous, insidious奸诈奸诈 and c r a f t y m e n , s u c h a s C a o C a o . Purple is a positive color, which signifies wisdom and bravery.G o l d a n d s i l v e r s y m b o l i z e mysteriousness, and stand for m o n s t e r s o r g

12、 o d s .唱脸谱.flv E:中西文化概论drama徐善云 黄梅戏.越剧.豫剧戏曲联唱.flv E:中西文化概论drama戏曲联唱女驸马、苏三、林妹妹.flv梅兰芳程砚秋the master of Peking OperaMei Lanfang is good at playing the role of women in Beijing operas, called “Dan”. Meis masterpiece plays:Kunqu (昆曲)Kunqu was listed as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible

13、Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2001. It is one of the oldest extant forms of Chinese opera, and dominated Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th centuries.It evolved from the Kunshan melody, is one of the Four Great Characteristic Melodies in Chinese opera. Kunqu originated in the Wu cultural

14、area.Yue OperaYue Opera (粤剧）粤剧）Guangdong OperaQin Opera(秦腔) Qin Opera also called puppet theater, from The West Qin opera, popular in northwest Chinas Shaanxi, Gansu,Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang.Chuan Opera（川剧） In Sichuan Province and some parts of Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces.Face changes The tech

15、nique of “face changes” is most often used in Chuan Opera. Huangmei Opera （黄梅戏黄梅戏 ）Huangmei OperaHuangmei Tune or Caicha Opera“.In East Chinas Huangmei County of Anhui Province.Huangmei Opera was derived from Caicha Tune, the folk ditties people sang while picking tea. Representatives 女驸马女驸马: The Female Son-in-Law 牛郎织女牛郎织女: The romance between cow-herd and weaving-fairy七女：树上的鸟儿成双对，七女：树上的鸟儿成双对，董永：绿水青山带笑颜，董永：绿