北师大版高中英语选修7北师大版一轮复习讲练精品PartIUnit19Language学案

1、研卷知古今；藏书教子孙。Unit 19 Language知识清单1. n.缺席；不在；缺乏；不存在 一 adj.缺席的；缺乏的；不 存在的2. adj.不省人事的；未意识到的；无意识的一 n.无意识；意识不清；人事不省3. vt.扎牢；系牢；束紧 一 n.纽扣；拉链一 n.扣件；紧固件 4. vt.保证；担保 n.保证；保证书一 n.保证人；担保人 5. vt.校正；校准；调整；调节 vi.适应一 n.调节；校正；调整6. adj.紧的；绷紧的；吝啬的adv.紧紧地一 adv.紧紧地一 vt.（使）变紧 7. vt.使窘迫； 使尴尬；使不好意思 一 n.窘迫；困惑；为难 一 adj.使人尴尬的

2、一 adj.感到窘迫的；尴尬的8. int.谢谢；再见；干杯一adj.令人振奋的；令人欢欣鼓舞的一 adj.高兴的；快乐的；兴高采烈的9. vt.包围；环绕；围绕 一 adj.周围的 一 n.周围的事物；环境10. vt.通知；告知；向 报告一 n.情报；资料;消息一 adj.见多识广的；了解情况的1.（使）走在前回；进步；狄得成功2.流行起来；懂得；理解 3.未意识/点短语到 4. 故忌；后忌5. 遵守；信守；坚持6. 花费；付出（时间等）；打断；插嘴；安装；正式提出；树!7. 如果；只要；倘若；条件是8. 简单地说卜点句式1.If you saw a father patting his

3、son on the back while_smiling_happily,_what would you think was going on?2 . The numbers of Galapagos tortoises are_said_to have begun their decline when it was realized that.核心语法名词性从句自我校对重点单词:1 . absence; absent 2.be unconscious; unconsciousness 3.fasten; fastener; fastening 4.guarantee; guarantor5

4、. adjust; adjustment 6.tight; tightly; tighten 7.embarrass; embarrassment; embarrassing; embarrassed8 . cheers; cheering; cheerful 9.surround; surrounding; surroundings 10.inform; information; informed重点短语：1. get ahead 2.catch on 3.unconscious of 4.on purpose 5.keep to 6.put in 7.provided that 8.to

5、put it simply重点词汇探究1. absence n.缺席；不在；缺乏；不存在常与介词from连用。in (during) one's absence / in (during) the absence of sb 当某人不在时absence of mind 心不在焉； 发呆1)His long raised fears about his safety.他长期不在使得大家担心他的安全。2)What was the real reason for your ? 你缺席的真正原因是什么？3)We areexperience.我们缺乏经验。【答案】1)absence 2)abse

6、nce 3)in the absence of(1)完成句子the manager, I shall be in charge.经理不在时，由我负责。【答案】In the absence of(2)名校押题(2010 山东省实验中学诊断性测试)The old man told the story with of any humour,which made us disappointed.A. appearanceB. absenceC. senseD. emotion【答案与解析】B 考查名词。题意：老人讲故事缺乏幽默感，这让我们非常失望。a sense of humour 幽默感”;appe

7、arance 外表；出现 “； absence of humour 缺乏幽默感 emotion 情感”。2. surround vt. 包围；围住；围绕；环绕；与 紧密相关surround sb / sth (with sb / sth)( 使某人/某物)包围某人/某物；围住某人/某物(尤指使之无法脱逃)surround sth / sb (by / with sth)(常用于被动语态)包围或环绕某人/某物surround oneself with 喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西)1)They have the town with troops.他们出动军队包围了这个镇。2)Tre

8、es the pond.池塘四周绿树环抱。3)The house high walls.房子的四周有高墙。4)The new plan much speculation.新计戈 U备受猜疑。【答案】1)surrounded 2)surround 3)was surrounded by 4)is surrounded by(1)完成句子David loved to young people.戴维彳艮喜欢和年轻人在起。【答案】surround himself with(2)名校押题(2011 江苏南京调研)She has always been with fashionable friends.A

9、. surroundedB. surveyedC. suspectedD . survived【答案与解析】A 考查动词。be surrounded with sb 是surround oneself with sb 的被动形式，意为被某人环绕着3. adjust vt. & vi. 调整；调节；适应；习惯adjust one's clock 把钟表调准adjust to (doing) sth适应/习惯(做)某事adjust oneself to sth 使某人自己适应某事1)The brave guy determined to the desert life in Afr

10、ica soon. 这个勇敢的小伙子决心使自己很快适应非洲沙漠的生活。2)The new students slowly the new life.新生们逐渐地适应了 新生活。【答案】 1)adjust himself to 2)adjusted themselves to(1)完成句子She the new climate. 她很快适应了新气候。【答案】 adapted (herself) quickly to(2)名校押题(2010 浙江八校联考)Over the years, we all learned to and to adapt to our new familyarrangem

11、ent.A . adjustB. concernC. combineD. declare【答案与解析】A 考查动词。题意：经过这些年以后，我们都学会了调整自己，学会了适应我们新的家庭规则。4. embarrass vt.使(某人)觉得不自然、忸怩、尴尬或害羞；使(某人)不安或焦虑常跟sb作宾语或用于被动语态。1)You didn't me in the slightest.你一点也没让我为难。2)She dragged up that incident again just me.她又扯起那件事故意让我难堪。3)He many debts. 他被很多债务弄得焦头烂额。【答案】 1)em

12、barrass 2)to embarrass 3)was embarrassed by(1)完成句子When I began to sing, he laughed, which made me.我开始唱歌时， 他大笑起来，这使我感到很尴尬。【答案】 embarrassed(2)名校押题(2010 江苏南京调研)It is that our streets are so dirty.A . embarrassment B. embarrassedC. embarrassingD . embarrass【答案与解析】C 题意：我们的街道这么脏，真叫人难堪。此句中的 It为形式主语，is后面要填形

13、容词，且在此句中的含义是冷人难堪的5. congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺；恭喜congratulate sb on (doing) sth因某事向某人道贺congratulate yourself (on sth)( 为成就或成功)感到高兴；感到自豪congratulation为名词形式，意为 恭贺；祝贺“，一般用复数形式。1) I you your great discovery. 我祝贺你的伟大发现。2)I want to you with all my heart.我衷心地祝贺你。【答案】1)congratulate; on 2)congratulatecongratulate

14、 和 celebratecongratulate专指对个人经过努力获得的成功的祝贺，只以言语表达祝贺之意；celebrate指以行为(如送礼、开聚会等)来庆祝生日、节日等。 congratulate的宾语一般是人，而 celebrate 的宾语一般是事件。(1)完成句子I think he expects to be every time he does the washing up.我觉得他期望每次做了大扫除都受表扬一番。【答案】congratulated(2)名校押题(2009 山东)John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding annive

15、rsary next month.Oh,!A . cheer upB . well doneC. go aheadD . congratulations【答案与解析】D 考查交际用语。表示祝贺用congratulations 。cheer up高兴起来；振作起来"；well done干得好”，表示夸赞； go ahead '开始吧"。6. guarantee vt.保证；担保 n.保证；担保；保证金；抵押品guard vt.保卫；警卫 n.警卫员；看守guarantor n. 担保人；保证人1)We cannot the punctual arrival of tr

16、ains in foggy weather.我们不能保证火车在雾天能正点到达。2)An advanced degree is no of a dream job.拥有高学历并不能保证你会找到理想的工作。【答案】1)guarantee 2)guarantee(1)完成句子We that you'll enjoy yourself.我们包你玩得痛快。【答案】guarantee(2)名校押题(2010 山东百所名校联考 )If you send the application form in straight away, I can youan interview.A. guaranteeB

17、. concludeC. evaluateD. assume【答案与解析】A 考查动词。guarantee 保证"；conclude推断；结束"；evaluate评价；评估"；assume"假定；认为；以为”。7. inform vt.通知；告知；熟悉 vi.(向警方)告发或检举inform sb (of / about sth) 告知脸举某人某事inform sb that 熟悉 /了解 /检举inform against / on sb 告发某人1)Please me by letter of your plans.请来信告诉我你的计划。2)If y

18、ou see anything suspicious,the police at once.你要是看至 U什么可疑的东西就马上通知警察。3)All those who are immediately involved will the decision. 这个决定将被通知给所有直接有关的人。4)He the police that some money was missing.他向警方报案说钱不见了。5)One of the criminals the rest of the gang.有一罪犯告发了 同党。【答案】1)inform 2)inform 3)be informed of 4)in

19、formed 5)informed against(1)完成句子I read the newspaper to keep myself as to what is happening everywhere.我看报纸让自己知道世界上发生了什么事。【答案】informed(2)名校押题(2010 浙江省重点中学联考 )I of the decision until yesterday morning.A . got informedB. didn't informC. wasn't informedD. was informed【答案与解析】C inform 意为通知；让某人知道”

20、，为及物动词，其宾语为人，此处应该用被动式，即 be / get informed ;另外本句运用了not.until结构。8. ensure vt.确保；保证ensure = make sure 确保；保证”其后可以跟 sth / that从句/ sb sth作宾语。1)His ability will him success.他的能力确保他会成功的。2)I can the work shall be done on time.我可以保证工作会按时完成。【答案】1)ensure 2)ensure that(1)完成句子The role of the police is the law is

21、obeyed.警察的作用就是保证人们遵守法律。【答案】to ensure(2)名校押题(2010 海南重点中学联考)To the child's quick recovery, many doctors and nurses took turns in looking after him day and night.A . approachB . requireC. ensureD. promise【答案与解析】C 考查动词。ensure = make sure about / of 确保；保证”。重点短语探究1. get ahead (使)走在前面；取得进步；获得成功get abou

22、t / around / round ( 消息、谣言等)传播；流传get (sth) across (to sb)(使某事)传播或为人理解get along with sb 与某人合得来；与某人和睦相处get sth back失而复得；重新得到get over sth克服；战胜；掌握get through用完；消耗掉(一定量的某物)；(设法)做或完成某事；接通电话get (sb) through (sth)(帮助某人)(考试、测验等)及格1)The car behind wants to us.后面那辆车想超过我们。2)By doing extra homework, he soon his

23、classmates.他靠多做家庭作业，很快在班上名列前茅。3)I've my work.我的工作已经有进展了。【答案】 1)get ahead of 2)got ahead of 3)got ahead with(1)完成句子He always tries to others in everything.他总是试图处处领先他人。【答案】get ahead of(2)名校押题(2011 黄冈中学高三一模 )I tried phoning her office, but I couldn't.A . get alongB. get onC. get toD. get throug

24、h【答案与解析】D 考查动词短语。get along和get on都意为 相处；进展"；get to到达”;get through 打通电话”。2. on purpose 有意地；故意地同义短语：by design反义短语： by accident / chanceon purpose 有意地；故意地to the purpose 中肯to no purpose 无效；没有作用for the purpose of 为了1)What is the of the meeting? 会议的目的是什么？2)If you joke with him he'll think you are

25、 insulting him.如果你和他开玩笑，他会认为你在有意羞辱他。【答案】1)purpose 2)on purpose(1)完成句子1)He has left his book here, so that you can read it.他故意把书留在这里以便你能读一读。2)He spoke nothing. 他说的点都不得要领。3)All my effort were.我所有的努力都付之东流了。4)I came to Brightonseeing you.我至 U布赖顿是特地来看你的。【答案】1)on purpose 2)to the purpose 3)to no purpose 4

26、)for the purpose of(2)名校押题(2011 山东省实验中学模拟 )Forgive him, please. I don't think he broke your mirrorA . with care B . on purposeC. for funD. with aim【答案与解析】B 题意：请原谅他吧，我认为他不是故意把你的镜子打碎的。3. catch on流行起来；受欢迎；懂得；理解be caught in (the rain, a trap) 遇雨；陷入(圈套)catch at试图一把抓住catch someone doing sth 撞上/发现某人在做某

27、事catch up with 追上； 赶上1)It is a nice song and I think it will quickly.这首歌很好， 我想它很快会流行起来。2)He's always the last to.他总是最后一个弄明白。3)After a few days on the job, you'll what you're doing. 工作几天后，你就会对你的工作内容有所了解了。4)The lady repeated her question several times but I still couldn't. 那位女 士把她的问题重复

28、了好几遍，但我还是没有听懂。【答案】1)catch on 2)catch on 3)catch on to 4)catch on他发明了一种新的游戏，但从(1)完成句子He invented a new game, but it never really未真正流行起来。【答案】caught on(2)名校押题(2010吉林省实验中学月考)It took me a long time tothe directions onthe machine.A . catch on toB.catch up withC. turn toD.refer to【答案与解析】A考查动词短语。题意：我花了很长时间才

29、看懂机器上的说明。catch onto懂得；理解”；catch up with 追上； 赶上turn to 转'向；求助于"；refer to 查阅；参考”。4. keep to固守；遵守；坚持；待在某处;靠向；使不偏离；限制在 (某话题、某范围内)keep at 继续做keep back 阻止；控制；隐瞒；扣留；延迟keep off避开；不吃；不喝；勿走近；阻止keep on继续keep out留在外面；使不进入keep up保持；持续keep up with 跟上；不落后keep away from 不靠近； 远离keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事kee

30、p sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事keep sth in mind记住某事keep in touch with 与保持联系1)He always his promises.他总是坚守诺言。2)He still his first resolution.他仍坚持他最初的决定。3)He has decided to his bed.他决定卧床。4)The weather is so terrible that most people are forced to the house. 天气太糟糕了，大多数人都被迫待在家里。5)In China, traffic the right.

31、在中国，车辆是靠右行驶的。【答案】 1)keeps to 2)keeps to 3)keep to 4)keep to 5)keeps to(1)完成句子Let's the subject since we don't have much time.我们不要离题，因为我们时间不多了。【答案】 keep to(2)名校押题(2010 山东省百所重点中学联考 )No matter what you say, I shall my plan.A . carry onB . keep upC. put onD. keep to【答案与解析】d考查动词短语。题意：无论你说什么，我都坚持我

32、的计划。carry on 继续"；keep up保持；继续"；put on 蹭加；穿戴"；keep to遵守；信守；坚持”。5. provided that 如果；只要；倘若；条件是provided that为连词短语，相当于 providing that / supposing that 。上述三个短语中的 that均可省略。on condition that 如果； 只要so / as long as 只要； 如果1)I will go,you go too.你也去的话我就去。2)We shall go the weather is fine. 只要天晴，我们

33、就去。3)circumstances permit, we shall hold the meeting next week.只要情况允许，我们下周就举行会议。4)I will agree to go(that) my expenses are paid.假如不要我负担费用，我就同意去。【答案】1)provided / providing / supposing that2)provided / providing / supposing 3)Provided / Providing / Supposing that 4)provided / providing / supposing(1)单

34、项填空You may use my kitchen as you like you clean it up afterwards.A . so far as B . so long asC. in caseD . even if【答案与解析】B 考查连词短语。so / as far as和"一样远；就而言"；so / as longas表示条件，意为 只要"；in case以防“；even if表示让步，意为即使“。(2)名校押题(2011 天津十校联考 )Mary's parents don't mind what job she does sh

35、e is happy.A . even thoughB. as soon asC. as long asD . as though【答案与解析】C 考查连词短语。even though '即使"；as soon as '就"；as longas只要"；as though好像；似乎”。重点句型探究1. If you saw a father patting his son on the backwhile smiling happily, what would you think was going on?如果你看到一位父亲高兴地微笑着轻拍他儿子的背

36、，你认为发生了什么事？(1)pat + sb + on + the +身体的部位(2)strike / hit / beat + sb + in / on / by + the +身体的部位(3)grasp / catch / lead sb / sth + by + the + 部位词(4) . .what would you think was going on?此句为混合型特殊疑问句，其句型结构为特殊疑问词+插入语+陈述句句式注意：打较坚硬的部位一般用on,较软部位用in。【仿写】她紧紧抓住小男孩的手。【答案】 She grasped the boy by the hand.1)The

37、headmaster the pupil. 校长轻轻地拍了拍那个学生的肩膀。2)What they are up to now?你猜他们现在在干什么?3)Where the meeting will be held?你认为会议将在哪里举行？【答案】 1)patted; on the shoulder 2)do you think3)do you suppose(1)完成句子He hit me the nose.他打了我的鼻子。【答案】 on(2)名校押题(2010 海南四校联考) apple fell from the tree and hit a passer by right on hea

38、d.A . An; the B . The; theC. An;不填 D. The;不填【答案与解析】A 考查冠词。前面是泛指一个苹果，故用不定冠词 an;后面考查句型“hitsb on the +身体的部位”，故用定冠词the。2. The numbers of Galapagos tortoises are said to have begun their decline.据说力口拉帕戈斯龟的数量已开始变少 本句用了 "sb / sth + be + said / believed / reported + to do sth / be doing sth / have done

39、sth ”这一句型，该句型意为据说某人/某物”。【仿写】 据 说 玛 丽 这 些 日 子 在 写【答案】 Mary is said to be writing a new novel these days.1)The fox to be very sly.据说狐狸很狡猾。2)Hethe founder of modern astronomy.他被誉为现代天文学的奠基人。1)is said 2)is said to be(2011南京调研)It is(1)单项填空that his proposals are theoretically correct but practicallyA. said

40、C. sayingimpossible.B. to sayD. being said【答案与解析】 A 本题考查固定句型"It is / was said that.(2)名校押题(2010 杭州七校联考)The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Wang Meng, who was reported the world record in women's 500m short track speed skating.A . breakingB. having brokenC. to have brokenD . to break【答案

41、与解析】C 考查句型 “sb / sth + be believed / reported. + to do / to be doing / tohave done :根据题意可知 主蒙打破纪录”这一动作已发生，故用动词不定式的完成时。高考真题探究1. (2010 安徽，35)?That would be great! Please drop me off at the library.A . Could you bring me the billB . Would you like me to give you a liftC. Could you tell me the postcode

42、for ParisD. Would you like to have my e mail address【答案与解析】B 考查交际用语。根据答语请在图书馆门口让我下车”可知B项正确，意为 你要我送你吗？”2. (2010 湖北，26)I wasn't blaming anyone; I said errors like this could be avoided.A . merelyB . mostlyC. rarelyD . nearly【答案与解析】 A 考查副词。mostly大部分地；通常地 ”；nearly = almost几乎”;rarely很'少地；几乎不"

43、;；merely仅仅；只不过"。题意：我并没有责怪任何人，我只是说 类似这样的错误是可以避免的。3. （2010 辽宁,23）Jim went to answer the phone. , Harry started to prepare lunch.A . HoweverB . NeverthelessC. BesidesD. Meanwhile【答案与解析】 D 考查副词。题意：吉姆去接电话，与此同时，哈里开始准备午餐。前后两个句子是相同的语义关系，在时间上表示同时，所以用 meanwhile。4. （2010 四川，1） Here's your change.A . T

44、hank you.B. Don't mention it.C. No problem.D . With pleasure.【答案与解析】A 考查情景交际。题意：这是找你的零钱。"谢谢。" A项符合语境。don'tmention it用于回答道谢或道歉；no problem 和with pleasure 两项用于回答求助。5. （2010 全国 n , 18）Can I help you? Are you looking for anything in particular today?. We're just looking.A . Yes plea

45、seB . No, thank youC. Yes, you can D . No, you needn't【答案与解析】B 考查情景交际。结合语境，考查拒绝帮助的答语。6. （2010 福建，35）We should respect food and think about the people who don't havewe have here and treat food nicely.A . thatB . whichC. whatD . whether【答案与解析】C 考查宾语从句。题意：我们应该尊重食物，想一想那些人，他们没有我们拥有的食物，但是珍惜食物。what

46、引导宾语从句，且 what在宾语从句中作宾语。7. （2010 上海，36）One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. thatC. whatD . why【答案与解析】a 考查表语从句。that引导表语从句，此处 that不可以省略。题意：她偏爱城市生活的原因之一是在城市里容易找到像商店和餐馆一样的地方。8. （2010 北京，32）Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A . whatB . thatC. whyD . whether【答案与解析】B 考查表语从句。从句不缺成分，因此用 that来引导。题意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是这本书非常贴近他的真实生活。9. （2009 江苏，22）Ann is in hospital. Oh, really? I know. I go and visit her.A . didn't; am