步步高2016中考英语总复习课件英语主谓一致(共19张PPT)

1、目录页CONTENTS PAGE第一部分考点梳理 第二部分词语辨析 目录目录页CONTENTS PAGE第一部分考点梳理 在英语中，句子的主语和谓语动词要保持数上的一致关系，叫主谓一致。这种关系通常要遵循下面的四个原则：考点一句子成分语法一致原则句子的主语是单数形式，谓语动词就用单数形式。Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.句子的主语是复数形式，谓语动词就用复数形式。They exercise every day.就近一致原则谓语动词和它靠近的主语一致。Either you or he is going to the movies.就远一致原则谓语动词

2、和它靠远的主语一致。You as well as I are going to the movies.意义一致原则谓语动词取决于主语所表达的内容是单数意义还是复数意义。The Browns are going to Germany.1主语是单数名词或代词时，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数。如： He exercises every day.他每天做运动。 They exercise every day.他们每天做运动。2and或bothand连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。如： He and Jerry are students.他和杰里是学生。考点一语法一

3、致原则 注意：(1)当and 连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数； 当and 连接的两个名词指不同的人或物时，谓语动词用复数。如： The writer and singer was invited to the party. 那位作家兼歌手被邀请参加派对。 注意区分：The writer and the singer were invited to the party. 那位作家和那位歌手被邀请参加派对。(2)当and连接的名词被each, every 或no 修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如： Each boy and each girl was given an apple jus

4、t now. 刚才每位男生和女生都得到了一个苹果。考点一语法一致原则 ()1. _ there any living things on other planets? I have no idea. Maybe we can know more about that in the future. AIs BAre CHas DHave考点链接B 解析：B考查there be 句型。living things 是复数， 所以答案是B。 ()2. Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TV program A Bite of China. I am al

5、so deeply moved by its stories. Ais Bam Cwas Dare考点链接D 解析：Dbothand连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，故选D。3动词不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： Learning is a lifelong activity.学习是终生的活动。4由不定代词either, neither, each, one, everyone, someone, anyone, no one, somebody, anybody, everybody, something, anything, nothing, everything等作主语或

6、修饰主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。如： Everybody is here.所有人都到齐了。考点一语法一致原则1在there be 句型和以here 开头的句子中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。如： There is a river and two big trees there. 那边有一条河和两棵大树。 Here is Jim and his parents. 这是吉姆和他的父母。考点二就近一致原则 () David, there _ a dictionary and some books on your desk.Please put them away. OK. Mum.Ill do

7、it right away. Ais Bare Chas Dhave考点链接A 解析：A在There be 句型中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。 2eitheror， neithernor， not onlybut also， or, notbut(不是而是)等结构连接并列主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。考点一语法一致原则NeithernorNeither he nor I know anything about it.EitherorEither Eve or Herb has been invited by Lucys parents already.Not onlybut a

8、lsoNot only my friends but also I am interested in soccer. ()Not only my friends but also I _ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. Abe Bam Cis Dare考点链接B 解析：B本句中的主语含有并列连词not only but also(不仅而且)，其谓语动词与它靠近的主语一致。 当主语后面跟有with, without, together with, along with, except, besides, but, as

9、 well as, like, including等介词短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致(即就远原则)。考点三就远一致原则可以用就远原则的介词或连词例句withRobert with his two kids goes to the beach for vacation every year.as well asI as well as you am ready to help them.except/butEveryone except Tom and John has seen the film.like(像)The woman like your English teacher is

10、 a famous actress. ()Robert with his two kids _ to the beach for vacation every year. Ago Bgoes Cwent Dare going考点链接B 解析：B由时间状语every year可排除C、D项；当主语后跟有with介词短语时，谓语动词仍与前面的主语保持一致。主语Robert是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数。1news以及科目名称maths, physics, politics等，本身不表示复数意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。如： I think physics is an interesting su

11、bject.我认为物理是一门有趣的学科。2trousers, shoes, glasses, pants等为复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。但当它们前面有pair of, kind of等修饰时，则根据pair和kind的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如： This kind of shoes is new.这种款式的鞋子是新的。 My new shoes are very beautiful.我的新鞋很漂亮。3表示时间、长度、距离、价格、金钱、重量等的短语作主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词通常用单数。如： 200 miles is a long way to go.200英里是很长的

12、一段路。考点四意义一致原则 () Do you need more time to complete the task? Yes. Another ten days_ enough. Ais Bwas Care Dwere考点链接A 解析：A本题考查主谓一致，由于是时间作主语，谓语动词用单数。 4集体名词如family, class, group, team等作主语，表示整体时谓语动词用单数，表示集体中的具体成员时用复数。如： The class wins the prize.这个班获得了奖项。 The class are all reading the book carefully.全班都在

13、仔细地读这本书。 5某些名词如people (people指“民族”时除外), police等，形式上是单数但意义上是复数，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。如： The police are running after a thief.警察们正在追赶一个小偷。考点四意义一致原则6“the形容词”(表示一类人)和“the姓氏的复数形式”(表示夫妇或一家人)作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： The Smiths like watching TV.史密斯一家人都喜欢看电视。7分数、百分比及some, half of, part of, lots of, the rest of等后接单数名词或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；接复数名词时，谓语动词用复数。如： 70% of the earth is covered with water.70%的地球表面被水覆盖。 60% of the teachers in our school a